云南省世界银行贷款“国家造林项目（NAP）”科技推广

本文报告了云南世行贷款“国家造林项目（ＮＡＰ）”的科技推广后所取得的成效。为了增加项目造林的科技含量，项目一启动就重视科技成果的推广，前后推广了省内外重要科技成果６项，对主要造林树种建立了试验林、示范林、环境保护监测样地，以及配套的科学管理等措施。通过这些举措，使项目造林取得显著成效，完成造林任务６４２７５．８１ｈｍ２（９６．４万亩），为协议任务面积的１４６．１％，造林成活率达９５％以上，保存率达９０％以上。由于生产与科技紧密结合，从而大大提高了科学造林水平，使“ＮＡＰ”项目在省内工程造林中起到了示范作用。     

The effects of stubble burning and tillage on soil carbon sequestration and crop productivity in southeastern Australia

Abstract. In Australia, stubble burning and tillage are two of the major processes responsible for the decline of soil organic carbon concentration in cropped soils, and the resulting soil degradation. However, the relative importance of these two practices in influencing the soil organic carbon concentration and the long-term impact on soil quality and productivity are not clear. The effects of stubble burning as practised by farmers in southeastern Australia were evaluated in two field trials, one of 19 years duration, the other of 5 years. Conventional tillage (three tillage passes) led to greater loss of soil organic carbon than stubble burning. Loss of total soil organic carbon attributed to stubble burning in the 0–10 cm layer was estimated to be 1.75 t C ha⁻¹ over the period of the 19-year trial, equivalent to 29% of that lost due to tillage. In the 5-year trial, no change in soil organic carbon due to stubble burning was detectable. Changes in soil quality associated with stubble burning detected in the longer trial included a reduction in macro-aggregate stability, and increases in pH and exchangeable K⁺. Only the latter two were detected in the shorter trial. A higher mean wheat yield (average 0.15 t ha⁻¹) following stubble burning was observed in the 19-year trial but not in the 5-year trial. Research to monitor the longer term effects of stubble burning is needed, and to identify conditions where loss of soil organic carbon is minimized.     

东北鼢鼠生活习性初探

本文通过对东北鼢鼠生活习性定位监测,初步掌握了其活动规律与地形、气温、土壤湿度等生态因子变化的关系,同时还探讨了东北鼢鼠的雌雄比例,繁殖情况、洞道结构和食性等,为今后防治工作提供了科学依据。     

加强农业MBA人才培养，促进农业产业化和农村经济的发展

现代化农业急需具有多方面知识的管理人才，实施农业MBA硕士学位教育，培养更多农业及其相关企业高级管理人才，必将促进农业产业化和农村经济发展。本就目前我国在这个领域存在问题进行分析，并提出尽快设立农业MBA硕士专业的对策和措施。     

鸡新城疫免疫失败的原因及防制措施

1 免疫失败的原因1.1 免疫方式不当。鸡的新城疫(ND)保护性抗体可分为粘膜表面的IgA和血清中的IgG,只有呼吸道粘膜抗体和血清抗体都达到一定滴度时才能有效防止新城疫发生。由于免疫方法选择不当(如饮水免疫),致使鸡的呼吸道粘膜抗体未达到保护水平,或使血清中新城疫抗体不高,都可引起鸡发生新城疫。     

一种澄清的低浓度桑果汁饮料的研制

本研究了桑果汁的澄清方法，确定了一种澄清低浓度桑果汁饮料的配方和工艺，也指出了该饮料的不足以及进一步研究需要解决的问题。     

一次防治大豆灰斑病籽粒灰斑

通过室内及田间大豆不同生育期接种试验证明，籽粒感染灰斑病的关键时期是Ｒ３－Ｒ５期．Ｒ２期以前侵染不造成籽粒斑驳，据此提出一次防治大豆籽粒灰斑病的关键时期为Ｒ２－Ｒ４期．     

变截面构件的剪应力计算

变截面构件的弯曲变形是实际构件常见变形之一，现行钢筋混凝土设计规范提供的和实际设计计算应用的剪应力计算公式未考虑截面变化的影响，有较大的误差。本文用材料力学方法推出考虑变截面影响的剪应力计算公式，以便在实际设计计算应用。     

我国价格体系改革趋势初探

本文以我国国民经济系统与河南省经济子系统的同构性为基础,利用河南省1987年投入产出表,计算出诺依曼最优生产强度和与之相应的最优价格,进而对照现行价格,提出了我国价格体系改革走向的基本构想,并对其合理性、可行性进行了初步研究。