武定鸡、茶花鸡肉用性能及肉质的研究

 测定武定鸡,茶花鸡不同年龄,不同性别的体态结构及肉的品质,进一步研究两品种肉用性能和各种氨基酸的含量。结果表明,由于种质特性不同,体态结构有差异,武定鸡为0.14～0.15,茶花鸡为0.16～0.19;屠宰率,全净膛率,胸、腿肌率,净肉率,两品种间同龄,同性对应相比均无显著差异。各品种内500日龄的净肉率极显著高于90日龄;肌肉中蛋白质,脂肪含量也是500日龄母鸡高于90日龄同品种的公母鸡,而含水量则下降。谷氨酸的含量,武定鸡的公母分别是18.23%,17.23%;茶花鸡的公母是17.43%,19.07%;已报道的太和鸡是18.31%,17.65%,三者极为近似.赖氨酸武定鸡胸、腿肌分别为9.33%,9.45%;茶花鸡为8.94%,9.41%;太和鸡为8.84%,9.08%;武定高于太和鸡和茶花鸡。     

Combining ability among male sterile two-type and restorer lines of Zinnia elegans and implications for the breeding of this ornamental species

Nineteen parental lines including five male sterile A-lines (AH002A, AH003A, AH209A, S5001A, J16A) and fourteen restorers (A1-GH, A3, S5, J6, J7N, J7J, J8, J9, J10, J11, J12, J13, J14, J17) were crossed using the North Carolina II statistical method. Studies of combining ability and heritability were conducted on selected parents along with their seventy F₁ hybrids for main ornamental traits. Plant height, crown size and length of node had obvious additive genetic effects, high (>0.50) broad sense heritability and high narrow sense heritability (length of node was medium). Pedicel length showed approximately equivalent maternal and paternal additive genetic effects, high broad sense heritability and medium (0.30–0.50) narrow sense heritability. Number of whorls of ray florets across capitulum and number of branches were able to take advantage of heterosis. The relationship between general combining ability and specific combining ability in Zinnia elegans depended on materials and traits. Male sterile two-type line was pivotal in the hybridization breeding of Z. elegans. S5001A, AH002A and A1-GH, A3, J14 which performed high negative GCA effects in PH, PL, LN and type I in PH, PL, NW, LN were ideal female and male parents of potted flowering plants; AH209A, J16A and S5, J10, J17 which displayed positive GCA effects and almost type I in PH, PL, LN were ideal female and male parents of cut flowers, respectively. For potted flowering plants, AH002A × J17, AH209A × A1-GH and S5001A × J6 with high negative SCA effects in PH, PL and LN were the most promising combinations, AH002A × S5, AH003A × A3 and J16A × J6 were the subprime combinations; for cut flowers, AH209A × S5, AH209A × J17 and J16A × J17 with high positive SCA effects in PH, PL and LN were the primary combinations, AH209A × J9 and S5001A × J10 were the secondary combinations.     

浙江豆科植物区系特点及地理分布研究

浙江共有豆科植物61属,181种,3亚种,7变种,3变型,其中栽培15属,57种,2变种,2变型。本文通过对各自然分布属在豆科中系统位置的分析,分布区类型的统计和与邻近地区豆科植物属、种的对比,认为浙江豆科植物区系种类丰富,起源古老,地理成分复杂,具有较明显的热带和亚热带性质,与邻近地区的关系密切,为一个开放型的植物区系。同时还探讨了地理分布格局,证实了以括苍山,仙霞岭一线为界的浙江东南部是华东、华南两植物区系的交汇地带。吴征镒将雁荡山、洞宫山一线以南的浙江东南一隅划为华南区系的范围是合理的。     

红壤丘陵综合开发经营管理体制的研究 ——以江西省千烟洲试区为例

简述了红壤丘陵区综合开发经营管理体制系统构成及其重要性。分析了千烟洲试区农村经济及典型生态农户经济效益，并对发展生态农户提出了几点建议。     

地下灌排兼用系统中田间土基透水管的机理分析及其现场成型机研制

通过对现有地下灌溉系统的分析，论述了田间地下土基透水管灌溉、排水兼用的可行性及机理分析。在对国内外暗管施工机进行分类归纳的基础上，研制出土基透水管现场成型机，可现场一次完成土基管的成型、固壁、防渗、镶嵌渗水条等工序，初步对样机进行了田间试验，验证其结构合理性、经济性、并对土壤的破坏成型机理进行了分析     

瓜类蔬菜嫁接砧木生长点去除机构设计与试验

针对现有瓜科嫁接机砧木生长点去除不干净,以及生长点去除过程中砧木苗易损伤的缺点,该文以葫芦苗为试验对象,通过瓜科蔬菜砧木苗生长点去除理论运动轨迹分析和对生长点去除机构的动力学分析,设计开发了一种应用于瓜科蔬菜嫁接的生长点去除机构,该机构利用模仿人工方法通过手指去除生长点的原理,采用曲柄连杆机构外加柔性手指,实现生长点的去除。试验结果表明,砧木苗在13~17 d培育期间内,所设计的机构能较好地去除砧木苗生长点,去除成功率达90%以上,伤苗率小于5%,所研发的瓜科蔬菜嫁接砧木生长点去除机构是可行的。该研究可为解决蔬菜嫁接砧木苗生长点去除困难提供参考。     

Sorption of copper(II) from synthetic oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) by pine sawdust biochars: effects of pyrolysis temperature and steam activation

Purpose

Remediate metal contamination is a fundamental step prior to reclaim oil sands tailing ponds, and copper (Cu(II)) is the most abundant metal in the tailings water or oil sands process-affected water (OSPW). Biochars produced at four pyrolysis conditions were evaluated for sorption of Cu(II) in synthetic OSPW to explore different biochar potentials in removing Cu(II) from the contaminated water.

Materials and methods

Pine sawdust biochars pyrolyzed at 300 and 550 °C with and without steam activation were investigated by batch sorption experiments. Isotherm and kinetic studies were conducted to compare the sorption capacities of the four biochars and to examine potential mechanisms involved.

Results and discussion

For all the biochars, Langmuir and pseudo-second order models were the best-fit for isotherm and kinetic studies, respectively. According to the Langmuir parameters, the maximum adsorption capacities of the biochars produced at 550 °C were around 2.5 mg Cu(II)?g^?1, which were 30-folds higher than those produced at 300 °C. However, steam activation did not cause any significant difference in the biochars’ sorption performance. The kinetic study suggested that chemisorption involving valence forces was the limiting factor of the sorption. In addition, ion exchange and precipitation were likely the primary mechanisms for Cu(II) sorption which outweigh complexation with functional groups on the biochars’ surface.

Conclusions

Pine sawdust biochar produced at 550 °C without steam activation could be utilized as a sustainable and cost-effective material to remove Cu(II) from the OSPW.

     

Compartmentalization of mercury in biotic components of terrestrial flood plain ecosystems adjacent to the South River AT Waynesboro,VA

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution - Aquatic Hg contamination extending more than 200 km along the South River, South Fork of the Shenandoah River, and Shenandoah River in western VA has been...     

原油等熵压缩温升测定及研究

采用反平衡法测试泵的效率，具有测试参数少（不需要测定泵流量），易于实现等优点，但是原油等熵压缩温升参数及其测试方法需要深入研究。实测液体等熵压缩温升要在绝热，压力稳定的条件下进行，并取升压测得的温升△ｔｐ和降压测得的温降△ｔｐ的算术平均值，作为等熵温升。从对原油实测的等熵压缩温升结果来看，原油的等熵压缩温升与原油性质，被压缩原油的温度，压力，密度有关，其中与原油密度的关系较为明显。介绍了测试这一参     

Genome Characterization of a Recombinant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) mutates continuously, and it is increasingly difficult to control it. To monitor the genetic evolution characteristics of PRRSV timely under the condition of natural infection, a novel PRRSV variant named SHpd1/2018 was isolated from PRRSV positive clinical samples. The results showed that the SHpd1/2018, with a total genome length of 15 018 bp (excluding poly A), showed similar proliferation characteristics to HP-PRRSV strain HuN4. However, it could not be recognized by the monoclonal antibody against HuN4-Nsp2. The sequence analysis indicated that SHpd1/2018 had the greatest homology with HP-PRRSV-like strains, reaching 94.3% with HuN4 strain. The results of recombination analysis showed that SHpd1/2018 was recombined from HP-PRRSV-like strain (main parent strain) and NADC30 strain (secondary parent strain), and both the two recombination breakpoints nt2002 and nt3205 are located in the hypervariable regions of the Nsp2 gene. In short, we confirmed that the isolated strain SHpd1/2018 is a recombinant PRRSV, which may be the main cause of the disease in the pig farm in Shanghai.