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201.
Cryptosporidiosis in buffalo calves (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bubalus bubalis</Emphasis>): Prevalence and potential risk factors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The objective of the present study was to describe the prevalence and risk factors associated with cryptosporidiosis in buffalo calves in Middle Egypt. During one year, 458 fecal samples were collected from buffalo calves less than 3 month age in 55 small scale herds and examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Data describing age, gender, season, and herd management practices were gathered to assess potential risk factors. Fecal examination showed that 14.19% of the examined calves were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. Calves at 1-15 days were at the highest risk (P < 0.001), and a significant relationship between season and infection (P < 0.05) was recorded. A significant association between infection and hygiene (P < 0.001), type of floor (P < 0.01) and source of water (P < 0.01) was also recorded. Statistical analysis concerning the clinical signs and fecal characteristics revealed a significant association with fecal consistency (P < 0.001), presence of blood (P < 0.01) and mucous (P < 0.01). Moreover, a significant association was found between infection and the desire for suckling (P < 0.05) and tenesmus (P < 0.05). The results of the present study demonstrated the strong relation between infections by Cryptosporidium spp. and diarrhea in buffalo calves. 相似文献
202.
203.
鲁北滨海地区引种豆科牧草的灰色关联度分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
试验在鲁北滨海地区对经一般观察后初步入选的14种豆科牧草进行了观察,并采用灰色关联度分析法以干草产量、鲜草产量、繁殖系数、折干率、叶量率、生长速度为主要指标进行综合评价。结果表明:综合性状最好的豆科牧草是草木樨属牧草,其中白花草木樨尤为突出;其次为沙打旺和美国苜蓿,也是适于鲁北滨海地区种植的豆科牧草。 相似文献
204.
选用可生物降的白氨酸,谷氨酸甲酯,谷氨酸三元聚物制成克伦特罗缓释药囊。体外释药研究所表明,药囊能保持长期缓慢恒速释药,释药速率随取合物中谷氨酸含量增多而增大,其中PLMGG-25的克伦特罗药囊释药时间为80d、稳态后每天释药量平均为1.23mg/d。 相似文献
205.
为研究快速定量检测牛血清中口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体的方法,试验通过优化抗原表达条件等步骤,在大肠杆菌原核表达系统中表达可溶性的3A-3B融合蛋白,并基于纯化的可溶性融合蛋白建立口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体时间分辨荧光免疫分析检测试剂盒。结果表明:建立的方法能够检测牛血清中的口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体,敏感性高,特异性强,对其他相关的牛类病原无交叉反应,其组内与组间变异系数分别低于10%和15%,具有良好的重复性。对300份临床牛血清样品进行检测,同Procheck公司的口蹄疫非结构蛋白抗体试剂盒进行比较,阳性样品符合率96%,阴性样品符合率93.3%,总的符合率95.7%。重复性试验组内与组间变异系数均小于10%。文章首次建立了口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体时间分辨荧光免疫分析检测方法,同传统的ELISA方法相比,该检测方法特异性相当、敏感性更高,操作更简单、快速,具有较高的应用推广价值。 相似文献
206.
The objective of the study was to determine farmers’ perceptions of the causes of low reproductive performance in Nguni cows
raised on communal rangelands in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Data were collected using participatory rural
appraisals and structured questionnaires that were administered to 551 randomly selected farmers from ten communities in the
Eastern Cape. Cattle herd sizes ranged from 3 to 11 and were mainly composed of cows. Cattle sales were ranked as the most
important use of cattle in all the villages. Tick-borne diseases and poor animal condition were reported as chief constraints
of cattle production in most communities. More than 60% of the interviewees reported that the age at puberty and age at first
calving for their cows varied between 18 and 36, and 24 and 48 months, respectively. About 95% of the respondents reported
long calving intervals and low bull numbers as major causes of low reproductive performance in cows in the communal areas.
It was concluded that farmers perceived delayed age at puberty and at first calving, long calving intervals and low bull numbers
as the major causes of low reproductive performance in Nguni cows raised on communal rangelands in South Africa. 相似文献
207.
Ferreira SR Araújo JV Braga FR Araujo JM Carvalho RO Silva AR Frassy LN Freitas LG 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(3):639-642
The ovicidal effect of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia on eggs of Ascaris suum was tested under laboratory conditions. A. suum eggs were plated on 2% water–agar with seven fungal isolates (Isol. 5, Isol. 31, Isol. 1, VC1, Isol. 12, Isol. 22 and VC4)
and control without fungus. After 5, 7, 10, 14, 15 and 21 days of incubation, approximately 100 eggs were removed from the
plates and classified according to the following parameters: type 1, biochemical and physiological effect without morphological
damage to the eggshell, type 2, lytic effect with morphological alteration of the eggshell and embryo and type 3, lytic effect
with morphological alteration of eggshell and embryo showing hyphal penetration and internal egg colonization. The isolates
effectively destroyed A. suum eggs and all types of effects were observed during the experiment. There was no variation in ovicidal capacity (type 3 effect)
among the isolates (p > 0.05) throughout the experiment. After 21 days, isolate 5 showed the highest percentages of type 3 effect (58.33%). The
results indicated that P. chlamydosporia (Isol. 5, Isol. 31, Isol. 1, VC1, Isol. 12, Isol. 22 and VC4) can destroy A. suum eggs and is, therefore, a potential biological control agent of nematodes. 相似文献
208.
Circulating oxidative stress status in dromedary camels infested with sarcoptic mange 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between radical-generating and radical-scavenging activity, resulting in oxidation products
and tissue damage. This study was aimed to evaluate the status of oxidative stress indices in blood of camels naturally infested
with S. scabiei. Forty-seven male camels (Camelus dromedaries) were divided according to the extent of the infested area with Sarcoptes scabiei into four groups, mild (MID, n = 12), moderate (MOD, n = 10), severely infested (SEV, n = 10) and healthy control group (n = 15). Blood was used for determination of red cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), serum nitric
oxide (NO•, a free radical), ascorbate and albumin concentrations, and erythrocytic values of malondialdehyde (MDA, a marker of lipid
peroxidation), protein carbonyls (PC, an indicator of protein oxidation), glutathione (GSH) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and
catalase (CAT). Decreased levels (P < 0.05) of RBC, Hb, PCV, albumin and ascorbate were noticed in MOD and SEV compared to controls with the lowest values (P < 0.05) in SEV except for ascorbate, where MOD did not differ from SEV. Compared to controls, NO• gradually increased (P < 0.05) in MID followed by MOD and SEV, whereas MDA and PC were higher (P < 0.05) in MOD and SEV. PC was higher (P < 0.05) in MOD than SEV. In addition, the antioxidants GSH, SOD and CAT were higher (P < 0.05) in MID and lower (P < 0.05) in MOD and SEV compared to controls. GSH was lower (P < 0.05) in SEV compared to MOD. Besides, Hb was negatively correlated with NO• (r = −0.68, P < 0.001), MDA (r = −0.53, P < 0.001) and PC (r = −0.73, P < 0.001). In conclusion, dromedary sarcoptosis is accompanied by a state of oxidative stress process, which increased by
increasing the area of infestation, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. 相似文献
209.
为满足新城疫病毒高通量快速检测的需要,针对新城疫病毒M基因序列,通过基因比对分析保守区域,经同源性分析后,设计合成多条引物和探针并对其筛选,建立了一种能够快速检测新城疫病毒的实时荧光RTPCR检测方法,并对该方法的特异性、灵敏性进行了评估。结果显示,该方法检测耗时短、特异性好,检测下限达10~(-4) ng/μL。利用该方法,对480份临床采集的各类家禽咽拭子样品进行检测,共检测出25份阳性,与常规RT-PCR检测方法结果一致,κ值为1(P 0.001)。结果表明,该方法快速、准确,可用于新城疫病毒的快速检测。 相似文献
210.
禽偏肺病毒(avian metapneumovirus,aMPV)可感染火鸡、鸡、鸭以及一些野生禽类,传染性强、传播迅速,易造成继发感染,导致严重的上呼吸道感染和产蛋率下降等症状。该病在世界范围内广泛流行,并呈地方性流行,给养禽业造成严重经济损失。本文以国内外对aMPV在禽类中的流行病学调查和基因分析研究报道为基础,从病原学、流行病学、病毒分离鉴定和防治的角度,对其在禽类中的感染情况和引起的相关疾病进行简要概述;比较多种分子生物学检测方法的优缺点和实用性,为建立快速、简便、实用的aMPV检测方法提供参考。 相似文献