Hydraulic Retention Time Influence on Improving Flocculation in the Activated Sludge Processes Through Polyelectrolytes

Hydraulic retention time (HRT) influence improving sludge flocculation with adding the polyelectrolytes (non-ionic, anionic, and cationic) was studied on an activated sludge (AS) system fed with synthetic domestic wastewater (SDW), dairy industry wastewater (DIW), and caramel industry wastewater (CIW). The sludge volumetric index, food/microorganism ratio (F/M), and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids at different HRTs (6, 8 and 10 h) were monitored on an experimental model. Results showed that both SDW and IW had the best sludge flocculation conditions at 8 h and 100 mL of non-ionic polyelectrolyte (0.2 mg L^?1). In addition, this phenomenon reached the organic matter removal efficiencies of 95.9, 95.7, and 94.2% for SDW, DIW, and CIW, respectively. Therefore, optimum HRT increased the organic matter removal efficiencies by 10%, sludge concentration by 37% (22–55%), and F/M ratio by 70%. Moreover, the polyelectrolytes used in AS improved the sludge flocculation by 2.9 times.     

磺胺嘧啶钠在鸡体内过程的房室法分析

本文运用经典的房室分析法进行磺胺嘧啶对15只鸡静注、内服单剂量(0.2g/kg)和多剂量动力学研究,应用重氮化一偶合比色法测定血药浓度。试验除指出静注、内服的药时曲线符合无吸收二室开放模型和有吸收一室开放模型外,还对主要特征参数作了统计和表述。最后根据试验结果及药效学资料拟定的鸡连续静注、内服磺胺嘧啶钠的方案。     

水稻重要农艺性状的QTL分析和主效QTL近等基因系的构建

水稻许多重要农艺性状都是数量性状,水稻遗传改良的大部分工作就是改良这些数量性状。1980年以后,随着分子标记的出现,水稻高密度遗传连锁图谱的大量绘制,各种作图群体的迅猛构建,功能强大的各种统计学软件的快速开发,全基因组序列测序的完成,特别是多个QTL精细定位和先后克隆,使得我们对数量性状的认识得到了长足的进步,QTL的研究正在走进新时代。     

家蚕血液型脓病发生原因及防治方法

以河南省内乡县家蚕血液型脓病发生原因、防治方法进行分析探讨。     

茶叶揉捻机棱骨安装的优化参数

用二元回归正交设计的试验方法加工三级杀青叶,建立了揉捻机的揉捻叶质量与揉捻机棱骨的安装根数及安装角度之间的数学模型。根据优化理论,求得棱骨的最佳安装根数为１２根,最佳安装角度为４２°。经验证,证明基本正确。     

Field evaluation of insect-resistant transgenic Populus nigra trees

The performance of insect-resistant transgenic poplar trees (Populusnigra) expressing a Cry1Ac gene from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki HD-1 against poplar defoliators was evaluated in the field at the Manas Forest Station in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region during1994–1997. The results showed that the average percentage of highly damaged leaves on the transgenic trees was 10% while that on the control trees in nearby plantations reached 80–90%. The average number of pupae per m² of soil at 20cm depth in transgenic poplar plantation was 18 which was only 20% of that found in the non-transgenic control field. The number of pupae and the leaf-damage on transgenic trees described above are all far below the threshold set for chemical protection measures. The non-transformed poplar trees grown in the same plantation with the transgenic trees were also protected indicating that cross protection occurred between these two kinds of trees. Insect-resistant transgenic poplar trees have a potential application value in afforestation. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

新时代发展农村集体经济的意义及面临的问题

理论创新乃时代实践之产物。当前,我国农村经济基础仍然薄弱,亟需变革不适应生 产力发展的生产关系。农村集体经济的问题在新发展理念的倡导和号召下也显得愈来愈重 要。本文探讨了发展农村集体经济的理论现实意义和面临的问题。     

温度对造纸施胶效果影响的研究

通过测定不同温度下施胶效果的差异，以及松香胶溶液在不同温度下的稳定性和浆料滤水性能的变化，说明了温度升高施胶度下降的原因，进而提高出采用逆施胶方法解决这一普遍存在于生产中的问题。     

关中灌区粮食生产“两高一优”机械化模式

根据关中灌区自然经济条件，提出了一种新的机械化模式。经过９年实践表明，采用该模式，无论丰年、平年、灾年均可大幅度增产，能提高抵抗自然灾害的能力，使丰、灾年间产量波幅减小，更趋稳定。