新型植物生长调节剂在小冬瓜制种生产上的初探

应用新型植物生长调节剂对小冬瓜进行生产应用试验，研究表明：（1）新型植物生长调节剂3ml／L和4ml／L处理生长期小冬瓜，小冬瓜平均瓜长、平均横径、平均单瓜重，小区产量分别比对照增加了10．97％，11．15％，21．9％，22．2％和11．37％，9．16％，24．3％，24．4％；说明新型植物生长调节剂可显著提高小冬瓜产量；（2）新型植物生长调节剂3ml／L和4ml／L处理小冬瓜，小冬瓜蛋白质含量、维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量、瓜肉厚度分别比对照提高了0．12％、1．57％、0．21％、31．6％和0．11％、1．41％、0．17％和29．7％。说明新型植物生长调节剂能改善小冬瓜品质。     

辣椒连作研究进展

辣椒是一种重要蔬菜作物,由于连年耕种辣椒存在连作障碍问题;国内外学者对辣椒连作问题作了较深入的研究.针对国内外辣椒连作的研究进展,主要从土壤微生物环境、连作土壤的微生态条件、辣椒自毒分析和化感作用、辣椒免疫系统及自身抗性作用机理等方面分别进行了综述,并对其今后的发展方向作了展望.     

四川省小麦条锈病流行区划及菌源传播路径分析

四川省是我国小麦条锈病菌Puccinia striiformis Westend f.sp.tritici Eriks的菌源地和常发区,近10年秋苗病害始见期提前、流行期加长、危害损失呈上升趋势.在实地调查基础上,利用GIS技术对全省132个小麦主产县(市、区)1987-2006年小麦条锈病发生情况进行系统分析.结果表明,四川省小麦条锈病流行区域可划分为川西北越夏区、川西南越夏及冬繁区、盆地冬繁区和川东南春季流行区.GIS软件分析发现病菌孢子在四川盆地内的传播路径为沿岷江、涪江、沱江和嘉陵江等4条河流自北向南、自西向东传播.     

瓜类果斑病菌胶体金试纸条的检测应用

瓜类果斑病是一种严重为害西甜瓜作物的细菌病害,胶体金试纸条是对其进行现场检测的主要手段.将中国检验检疫科学研究院研制的瓜类果斑病菌胶体金检测试纸条与市场上商品化的美国Agdia公司同类试纸条进行比较,发现两种试纸条的灵敏度和特异性相当,适用于检测出现疑似果斑病症状的叶片和果实;也可用于种子带菌检测,但易出现假阳性结果....     

添加物对精子体外获能的影响及其分子机制

获能是哺乳动物精子的成熟过程和受精的必要前提,获能液中添加物从不同方面影响精子获能;本文阐述了肝素、Ca2 载体A23187、葡萄糖、孕酮、咖啡因等添加物对精子体外获能的影响及其作用机制。     

Metabolomics Tools Assisting Classic Screening Methods in Discovering New Antibiotics from Mangrove Actinomycetia in Leizhou Peninsula

Mangrove actinomycetia are considered one of the promising sources for discovering novel biologically active compounds. Traditional bioactivity- and/or taxonomy-based methods are inefficient and usually result in the re-discovery of known metabolites. Thus, improving selection efficiency among strain candidates is of interest especially in the early stage of the antibiotic discovery program. In this study, an integrated strategy of combining phylogenetic data and bioactivity tests with a metabolomics-based dereplication approach was applied to fast track the selection process. A total of 521 actinomycetial strains affiliated to 40 genera in 23 families were isolated from 13 different mangrove soil samples by the culture-dependent method. A total of 179 strains affiliated to 40 different genera with a unique colony morphology were selected to evaluate antibacterial activity against 12 indicator bacteria. Of the 179 tested isolates, 47 showed activities against at least one of the tested pathogens. Analysis of 23 out of 47 active isolates using UPLC-HRMS-PCA revealed six outliers. Further analysis using the OPLS-DA model identified five compounds from two outliers contributing to the bioactivity against drug-sensitive A. baumannii. Molecular networking was used to determine the relationship of significant metabolites in six outliers and to find their potentially new congeners. Finally, two Streptomyces strains (M22, H37) producing potentially new compounds were rapidly prioritized on the basis of their distinct chemistry profiles, dereplication results, and antibacterial activities, as well as taxonomical information. Two new trioxacarcins with keto-reduced trioxacarcinose B, gutingimycin B (16) and trioxacarcin G (20), together with known gutingimycin (12), were isolated from the scale-up fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. M22. Our study demonstrated that metabolomics tools could greatly assist classic antibiotic discovery methods in strain prioritization to improve efficiency in discovering novel antibiotics from those highly productive and rich diversity ecosystems.     

两系杂交稻制种中无毒化学去雄剂应用研究初报

为了解决异常低温导致两系杂交水稻种子纯度降低的问题,开展了无毒化学去雄剂应用技术研究。结果表明：在幼穗分化Ⅶ期中,按０．３６０ｇ／ｍ２剂量使用无毒化学去雄剂能显著提高培两优２８８和培两优特青制种纯度,真杂种产量略有降低,药剂对杂种一代幼苗生长无不利影响,但处理后的水稻植株对“九二０”轻度钝感,且生育期延长２～３ｄ     

检疫犬基地建设与发展策略探讨

检疫犬应用技术作为一种特殊的检验检疫手段,目前已被30多个国家或地区应用于检验检疫领域。许多国家或地区已建有自己的国家级工作犬训练基地。近年来,由于出入境业务量的迅速增长,我国对检疫犬数量的需求逐年攀升,明确要建成2个国家级检疫犬繁殖训养中心。检疫犬基地作为培养检疫犬的重要场所,其基地面积、位置规划、人力资源、种犬储备、幼犬来源等的科学合理规划,对保证其可持续发展具有重要意义。检疫犬基地的可持续发展,需要准确定位功能需求,搞好种犬繁育,统筹储备人力资源,建设生态环保基地,挖掘和利用社会资源,以及拓展其它功能建设,从而做到行业引领。     

现代城市绿化工程总体规划若干重要问题探讨

现代城市绿化工程总体规划的内涵和外延,已远超出传统总体规划范畴.城市绿色生态系统框架的构建、提高城市竞争力的绿色工程规划、绿色产业基地规划、绿化工程建设的市场机制等是现代城市绿化工程总体规划中几个易被忽视的重要问题.