山羊传染性胸膜肺炎支原体和绵羊肺炎支原体对抗菌药物敏感性的研究

测定了环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、单诺沙星、红霉素、罗红霉素、泰乐菌素、泰妙菌素、四环素等8种药物对羊肺炎支原体两个标准株Y-98和Y-goat的体外抑菌浓度以及红霉素与氧氟沙星、泰乐菌素对Y-goat和四环素与氧氟沙星、泰乐菌素对Y-98的联合药敏作用.结果表明,这8种抗菌药物对Y-goat和Y-98的MIC(μg/mL)分别为:环丙沙星0.223、0.002 23,氧氟沙星0.281、0.014 0,单诺沙星0.136、0.014 0,红霉素0.021 8、无效,罗红霉素0.032 7、无效,泰乐菌素0.042 2、0.039 0,泰妙菌素0.021 7、0.052 0,四环素0.195、0.052 0.红霉素与氧氟沙星的联合药敏指数为1,是相加作用;红霉素与泰乐菌素对Y-goat的联合药敏指数为1.5,是无关作用;四环素与氧氟沙星、泰乐菌素对Y-98的联合药敏试验指数均为0.375,是协同作用.     

纳米微粒材料生物学活性研究进展

综述了纳米微粒的生物学效应及其免疫调节、抗菌、抗肿瘤等多种生物学活性.     

Comparison of different conditions inducing embryonic stem cells

AIM: To evaluate the different conditions inducing mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) in vitro to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. METHODS: BRL conditioned medium was used to promote the growth of ESC and maintain them in an undifferentiated state. During the inducing process, retinoic acid (RA), DMSO, activin-A and TGF-β₁ were used as inducing reagents, and made up six kinds of differentiating medium. Then a three-step method inducing ESC cultured in hanging drops, in suspension and in plating was used to induce the differentiation of ESC. RESULTS: ESC were induced in vitro to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Of all groups, the highest differentiating rate was observed in the group induced by activin-A (20 μg/L) and TGF-β₁ (2 μg/L). CONCLUSION: The inducing conditions including activin-A (20 μg/L) and TGF-β₁ (2 μg/L) is very valuable in inducing ESC differentiation into cardiomyocytes.     

Taurine reduced oxygen free radical production induced by homocysteine in electron transport chain and homocysteine inhibites taurine transporter in mitochondria membrane

AIM: To observe effects of homocysteine and antagonized effects of taurine on electronic leakage and free radical production in myocardial mitochondria. METHODS: Myocardial mitochondria of rat heart was isolated, and was broken by supersonic wave to prepare submitochondria. Recombinant of succinic acid cytochrome c reductase was prepared with mitochondria of porcine heart. They were co-incubated with homocysteine and/or taurine with various concentration. The H₂O₂ and O₂^- were determined by chemiluminescence methods. The taurine transporter of heart mitochondria and its propert, and effects of homocysteine on its function were studied with glass filter. RESULTS: Homocysteine stimulated oxygen free radical production in heart mitochondria, submitochondria, and succinic acid cytochrome c in a concentration-dependent manner. Although taurine itself did not affect oxygen free radical production, taurine did inhibit oxygen free radical production in mitochondria, submitochondria and succinic acid cytochrome c in a concentration-dependent manner. Taurine transporters of Na⁺-dependent were existed in mitochondria membrane. Homocysteine inhibited taurine transtport in mitochondria in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Taurine inhibited electronic leakage and oxygen free radical production induced by homocysteine in electron transport chain. There were taurine transporters in mitochondria membrane, and transport functions of taurine transporter were inhibited by homocysteine.     

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes by hepatocyte growth factor in vitro

AIM: To explore a new method of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) inducing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. METHODS: Bone marrow MSC was cultured with DMEM media (10% fetal calf serum) 4-6 passages, and induced by HGF (10 μg/L) for 30 d. Automatical beating of the differentiated cells was observed daily with transverse microscopy, or under condition of 0.1% isoproterenol or cal-cium-deprived incubation. Specific cardiac myosin in the cells was indentified by immunochemistry. RESULTS: At 14-20 d of differentiation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells formed clones, in 10%-50% of which spontaneous beating cell-mass had come to continuously exist. Isoproterenol increased the beating rate and calcium-deprived media inhibited the beating. The cells were identified to be cardiomyocytes by expression of cardiac myosin heavy chain. CONCLUSION: HGF may induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes with high efficiency, but the differentiating pathway of stem cells remains to be further studied.     

锌对雏鸭外周血T-淋巴细胞的影响

15 0只 1日龄天府肉鸭健雏随机分为 3组 ,分别喂给缺锌 (每千克日粮含 Zn 2 2 .9mg)、对照 (每千克日粮含 Zn10 0 mg)和锌中毒 (每 kg日粮含 Zn130 0 mg)日粮 7周或 4周 ,以酸性 - α-醋酸萘酯酶 (ANAE)染色法观测外周血 T-淋巴细胞的动态变化。结果锌缺乏组和锌中毒组雏鸭外周血 T-淋巴细胞的 ANAE阳性率显著低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,表明锌缺乏或锌中毒可抑制 T-淋巴细胞的生成 ,降低其在外周血中的数量。本试验还对锌缺乏和锌中毒引起的外周血 T-淋巴细胞减少的机理进行了探讨     

3周龄断奶仔猪胰酶发育规律的研究

以 3周龄断奶仔猪为试验材料 ,研究了断奶对仔猪胰酶活性的影响。试验表明 ,3周龄断奶可以显著降低仔猪胰脏中胰淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶、胰糜蛋白酶和胰脂肪酶的活性 ,且在断奶后 2周继续维持断奶时水平。断奶降低了小肠内容物中胰淀粉酶和胰脂肪酶的活性 ,但空肠和回肠胰蛋白酶、胰糜蛋白酶的活性在断奶后并未下降。     

昆虫抗菌肽生物学活性及其应用前景

昆虫抗菌肽是昆虫免疫后存在于血淋巴中的一类活性肽 ,具有广谱的抗菌、抗病毒、抑制肿瘤的生物活性 ,具有很高的应用潜力。本文主要介绍昆虫抗菌肽的类型、生理活性、基因的克隆与表达及在动物科学中的应用前景     

应用B-超对小尾寒羊早期胚胎和胎盘发育的研究

应用B-超监测10只健康的妊娠小尾寒羊,以研究早期胚胎和胎盘的发育过程。结果表明,早期胚体发育在妊娠第6周完成;妊娠30～46d,羊膜囊的短径与胎龄之间存在线性关系(R=0.9528,P<0.01),回归方程为Y=0.565065X 18.751970(Y:妊娠天数,X:羊膜囊宽)。胎盘发育期集中在妊娠前11周,在此期间胎盘突直径也可用于预测胎龄,二者之间的方程式为:Y=4.961429X-16.655714(Y:胎盘突直径,X:妊娠周),相关系数R=0.9882(P<0.01)。     

雏鸡服用益生素后免疫器官指数及局部体液免疫球蛋白相对含量的动态变化

用商品益生素和自制益生素分别灌服1日龄雏鸡，灌服益生素后1、4、7、10、18d测定胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊的器官指数动态变化，用间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法测定泪液、气管液、胆汁和肠液的IgA、IgM、IgG相对含量的动态变化，结果发现服用商品益生素的雏鸡免疫器官指数在第7天高于未服用益生素的对照雏鸡，上述4种体液的IgA、IgM、IgG相对含量在服用益生素后7～10d高于未服用益生素的对照雏鸡，服用自制益生素的雏鸡上述4种体液的IgA、IgM、IgG相对含量在服用益生素后4～7d高于未服用益生素的对照雏鸡。表明益生素对雏鸡的免疫系统有一定的影响，能够促进免疫器官的生长发育，提高雏鸡呼吸道和消化道局部体液的免疫球蛋白相对含量。