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71.
Lise N. Hansen 《Euphytica》1998,104(3):173-179
Black spot, caused by Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicicola, is an important disease in all Brassica oleracea vegetables.
Sufficient resistance to the pathogen is not found within the species, nor in species that readily cross to B. oleracea. Camelina
sativa (false flax) is highly resistant to Alternaria spp. and has, in addition, other desirable characters for the improvement
of B. oleracea. Protoplast fusions were performed between rapid cycling B. oleracea (tribe Brassiceae), which has good regenerability,
and C. sativa (tribe Sisymbrieae) by polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. The B. oleracea fusion partner was inactivated by
treatment with iodoacetate. C. sativa has poor regenerability; hence, no pretreatment was needed for this species. The protoplasts
were cultured using a feeder layer system. A total of 2903 calli were isolated from the fusions. Fourteen of these initiated
shoots, i.e., 0.5% regeneration frequency. Approximately 110 shoots were excised from 6 of these calli and transferred to
rooting medium. Rooted plantlets grew vigorously in vitro and flowering was frequently observed. However, establishment of
rooted shoots in soil was unsuccessful. Hybrid identity was confirmed by intermediate shoot morphology, RAPD marker analysis,
and flow cytometric estimation of nuclear DNA content.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
72.
Megan M. Mathey Sonali Mookerjee Lise L. Mahoney Kazim Gündüz Umesh Rosyara James F. Hancock Philip J. Stewart Vance M. Whitaker Nahla V. Bassil Thomas M. Davis Chad E. Finn 《Euphytica》2017,213(5):112
Ten seedlings from 36 crosses representing eastern and western North American short day and remontant genotypes were evaluated in 2011 and 2012 in California, Michigan, New Hampshire and Oregon, for phenology, flower related traits, plant characteristics, fruit characteristics and fruit chemistry traits. There was significant variability among genotypes, locations and evaluation year for most of the characteristics; however, few genotype × location and genotype × year interactions were detected. General combining ability variance components were significant for all traits and greater than SCA variance components for peduncle length, total flowering weeks, flowering cycles, truss size, growing degree days for harvest data, remontancy, achene position, ease of capping, fruit weight, percent soluble solids, titratable acidity and soluble solids/titratable acidity. ‘Sarian’ was identified as the best contributing parent for remontancy. Narrow-sense heritability estimates were moderate to high (0.33–0.78) for total flowering weeks, flowering cycle, truss size, remontancy, number of runners, fruit weight, pH, and titratable acidity. Having a better understanding of these attributes will provide breeders guidance on the most effective breeding strategies for incorporating superior traits from this germplasm into their programs. 相似文献
73.
Claire‐Lise Etienne Fanny Granat Catherine Trumel Isabelle Raymond‐Letron Marie‐Noëlle Lucas Corine Boucraut‐Baralon Jean‐Luc Pingret Laurent Magne Maxence Delverdier 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2013,42(4):516-521
A 4‐year‐old neutered female crossbred Shepherd was referred for a history of 10 days of anorexia, polyuria, polydipsia, polyadenomegaly, and diarrhea. On physical examination, the dog appeared quiet, responsive, and apyretic, with generalized and severe lymphadenomegaly. Hematologic abnormalities included neutrophilic leukocytosis with left shift, and lymphopenia. Blood smears revealed intracytoplasmic bacilli negatively stained with May–Grünwald–Giemsa in neutrophils and monocytes. Lymph node smears revealed pyogranulomatous adenitis with calcified deposits and many negative‐staining rod structures, both within the cytoplasm of neutrophils and macrophages, and free in the background. An acid‐fast stain (Ziehl–Neelsen) confirmed the diagnosis of mycobacterial infection. The dog was euthanized for public health and ethical reasons, and the postmortem examination revealed severe and generalized granulomatous and necrotizing lymphadenitis, panniculitis, and hepatitis, and infiltration of epithelioid macrophages in the lungs, colon, and spleen. Numerous acid‐fast bacilli, consistent with mycobacterial infection, were observed both in the cytoplasm of epithelioid macrophages and giant cells, and free in the background. Mycobacterium bovis was first confirmed by conventional PCR of organ extracts. Mycobacterium avium was detected in a culture of the same organs. Further PCR amplifications and sequencing revealed a coinfection with 2 different species of mycobacterium, one belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex and the other to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. 相似文献
74.
Vagndorf Nana Justesen Annemarie Fejer Andersen Jeppe Reitan Jahoor Ahmed Sindberg Susanne Jørgensen Lise Nistrup 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(3):191-201
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete fungus Zymoseptoria tritici (formerly known as Mycosphaerella graminicola), is a devastating... 相似文献
75.
OBJECTIVES: To analyse the socio-economic factors related to breakfast eating, the association between breakfast eating and overweight, and to gain a more thorough understanding of the relationship between these two elements in a population-based cohort of 4.5-year-old children. We hypothesised that a relationship could be observed between breakfast skipping and overweight independently of socio-economic factors such as ethnicity, maternal education, single parenting and family income. DESIGN: A population-based study whereby standardised nutritional interviews were conducted with each child's parent. The children's height and weight were taken by a trained nutritionist and parents were asked about their child's breakfast eating. SETTING: The analyses were performed using data from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (1998-2002), conducted by Santé Québec (Canada). SUBJECTS: Subjects were 1549 children between the ages of 44 and 56 months, with a mean age of 49 months. RESULTS: Almost a tenth (9.8%) of the children did not eat breakfast every day. A greater proportion of children with immigrant mothers (19.4% vs. 8.3% from non-immigrant mothers), with mothers with no high school diploma (17.5% vs. <10% for higher educated mothers) and from low-income families (15% for income of $39,999 or less vs. 5-10% for better income) did not eat breakfast every day. Not eating breakfast every day nearly doubled the odds (odds ratio=1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.2-3.2) of being overweight at 4.5 years when mother's immigrant status, household income and number of overweight/obese parents were part of the analysis. CONCLUSION: Although our results require replication before public policy changes can be advocated, encouraging breakfast consumption among pre-school children is probably warranted and targeting families of low socio-economic status could potentially help in the prevention of childhood obesity. 相似文献
76.
77.
Sara Vicca Lise Fivez Fred Kockelbergh Dimitri Van Pelt Jan J.R. Segers Patrick Meire Reinhart Ceulemans Ivan A. Janssens 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2009,41(9):2014-2016
In a mesocosm experiment, with bare peat soils exposed to different water levels (WL), we examined whether heterotrophic respiration (Rh) acclimated to a 3 °C temperature increase. Across all WLs, Rh at 15 °C was never lower in the heated treatment than in the unheated treatment, indicating that Rh did not acclimate to the warmer conditions. We hypothesize that this lack of thermal acclimation is due to the unlimited substrate availability in these organic soils. These results imply that peat soils may exhibit a sustained positive feedback to global warming. 相似文献
78.
Lise Frézal Loic Desquilbet Guy Jacqua Claire Neema 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,134(2):267-279
In the absence of a gene-for-gene relationship between a pathogen and its host, knowledge about aggressiveness is crucial to characterize novel pathogen populations that potentially emerge in agricultural pathosystems. Information about pathogen aggressiveness is also critical when establishing representative panels of pathogen isolates to test host resistance and in mapping quantitative trait loci involved in the host resistance. In this study, we focused on the fungus C. gloeosporioides that causes necrosis on the aerial part of one of its host plants, Dioscorea alata, and identified the in vitro conditions required to assess fungal aggressiveness on this host. Our main purpose was to convert the necrosis area development into a unique index for quantifying pathogen aggressiveness. The ??Ag?? index described here has two advantages. First, it integrates the variance of symptom evolution curves to estimate the lesion development rates (initial and secondary) and the maximal necrosis area. Secondly, the new index takes two different symptoms commonly observed when inoculating D. alata leaves with C. gloeosporioides into account, one correlated with high leaf colonisation efficiency and the other with low colonisation efficiency. The weights accorded to each symptom in the index were proportional to leaf colonisation efficiency. We propose a framework for the acquisition of this index that has been designed to be conveniently combined with the routine bioassays required to establish representative panels of pathogen isolates. The general framework for the construction of this index can be broadly applied to diseases with necrotic symptoms. 相似文献
79.
Katherine Paphitis David L. Pearl Olaf Berke Scott A. McEwen Lise Trotz‐Williams 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(5):484-495
Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Typhimurium are among the most common serotypes responsible for human salmonellosis in Ontario. Introduction of the Ontario Investigation Tools (OIT) in 2014 allowed for standardized case investigation and reporting. This study compared the risk factors and symptomatology for sporadic S. Heidelberg and S. Typhimurium cases reported in Ontario in 2015, following implementation of the OIT. Multilevel logistic regression models were applied to assess associations between serotype and individual‐level demographic characteristics, exposures and symptoms for sporadic confirmed cases of S. Heidelberg and S. Typhimurium in Ontario in 2015. There were 476 sporadic cases of S. Typhimurium (n = 278) and S. Heidelberg (n = 198) reported in Ontario in 2015. There were significant associations between the odds of the isolate from a case being one of these serotypes, and travel, consumption of sprouts (any type), contact with reptiles and development of malaise, fever or bloody diarrhoea. The S. Typhimurium and S. Heidelberg cases differed in both symptom presentation and risk factors for illness. Case–case comparisons of Salmonella serotypes have some advantages over case–control studies in that these are less susceptible to selection and recall bias while allowing for rapid comparison of cases to identify potential high‐risk exposures that are unique to one of the serotypes when compared to the other. Comparing cases of two different Salmonella serotypes can help to highlight risk factors that may be uniquely associated with one serotype, or more strongly associated with one serotype compared to another. This information may be useful for understanding relative source attribution between common serotypes of Salmonella. 相似文献
80.
Lise Bach Hansen Hans Redlef Siegismund Rikke Bagger Jørgensen 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(6):621-627
We investigated introgression in a mixed weedy population ofoilseed rape (Brassica napus) and itsrelative B. rapa usingspecies-specific AFLP-markers. The population wassituated in a field relayed from conventional to organic cultivation11 years ago. One-hundred-and-twoB. napus orB. rapa-like plantswere collected in a 3 m2 plot. Of these, onewas a first generation hybrid (F1) and nearlyhalf (44 plants) were introgressed, having bothB. napus andB. rapa specific markers.The remaining plants apparently corresponded to pure species, with 50having only B. rapa-and seven having only B.napus-specific markers. We compared thenumber of markers in the plants from the weedy population with thenumbers in controlled backcross generations (BC1 andBC2). The marker distribution in the weedy populationresembled the distribution in the second backcross generation mostclosely. Together with the cultivation history of the field, thissuggests that the introgression process in the weedy mixed populationhas been in progress for some time. This study is the first to showintrogression between B.napus and B.rapa under natural conditions. 相似文献