莲豆奶生产工艺的研究

莲豆奶是以湘莲、绿豆为主要原料，通过精制加工而成的一种天然饮料．本文介绍了莲豆奶的原料和生产工艺，并对莲豆奶产品进行了检验，对其营养价值进行了讨论．     

不同类型穗条嫁接对油茶芽苗砧嫁接苗生长发育的影响研究

对油茶接穗木质化程度和砧木与嫁接苗成活率及其生长的相关性进行了研究,结果表明：①刚木质化、半木质化、全木质化3个试验处理对嫁接苗成活率、抽梢率、高生长、地径差异极显著,接穗刚木质化处理成活率94.67%、抽梢率92.00%、高生长6.19cm效果较好;②砧木采用胚芽和胚根嫁接对嫁接苗成活率、抽梢率、生长势差异显著,胚芽...     

内蒙古白绒山羊初级毛囊的无血清培养基培养

本实验对内蒙古白绒山羊初级毛囊的分离方法和体外无血清培养条件进行了研究.结果表明(1)改良毛囊机械分离法优于常规毛囊机械分离法;(2)对内蒙古白绒山羊初级毛囊培养,Williams E培养基显著优于DMEM/Fl2培养基,37℃显著优于31℃.基本建立内蒙古绒山羊初级毛囊37℃,Williams E培养基体外无血清培养模型.     

上流式厌氧污泥床处理豆制品废水启动研究

用上流式厌氧污泥床（ＵＡＳＢ）处理豆制品废水，以阐明这种消化器启动的效果。研究结果表明，产气率，ＣＯＤ去除率和甲烷含量分别为３．０Ｌ／（Ｌ．ｄ），９３％，５８．４％。从第２６天至４６天的运转期间，ＵＡＳＢ平均ＣＯＤ负荷率、产气率，ＣＯＤ去除率，甲烷含量分别为５．２ｇＣＯＤ／（Ｌ．ｄ），３．５Ｌ／（Ｌ．ｄ），９０％，５９．４％。出水乙酸，丙酸浓度分别为１１１ｍｇ／Ｌ，９８ｍｇ／Ｌ，丁酸浓度不可测出。     

四川桤木嫩枝扦插育苗技术研究

研究表明 :桤木扦插育苗 ,穗条带顶芽或带 1片叶可显著提高穗条生根率 ,扦插时间则以 5月中旬～ 6月中旬和 9月上旬扦插生根率最高 ,GGR生根剂不同浓度处理后的穗条 (采穗母树 2 .5a生 )其生根率没有显著差异     

木荷天然林分个体类型及材性性状变异

在浙、闽2省选取成一定纬度和海拔梯度的6个木荷天然林分,开展树干形质、树皮形态、木材纹理扭曲度、木材颜色和基本密度等个体类型表型变异及产地纬度和海拔影响研究。结果表明:木荷天然林分个体树皮厚度、颜色、形状及木材颜色等类型多样,除木材纹理扭曲度外,树干形质、树皮形态和木材基本密度等在林分间存在显著表型差异,但在林分内个体间变异以木材纹理扭曲度最大,树干圆满度、通直度和木材基本密度最小。木材性状的径向变异研究发现:木材基本密度由髓心向树皮方向逐渐下降,而年轮则先变宽后变窄,15～25年轮为平稳生长期。较高纬度的天然林分其树干相对通直圆满、树皮较薄、木材颜色较浅,而其他性状则未呈现明显的规律性;随海拔升高,木荷天然林分具有树干圆满、树皮薄而光滑,但树干通直度低、年轮窄、木材基本密度小的变化趋势。基于中心产区2个不同海拔天然林分个体性状相关分析表明,性状相关因林分所处海拔不同而有较大差异。在高海拔林分中,树皮性状是材性和径生长较好的指示指标,树干圆满的个体树皮光滑且颜色较浅、木材基本密度较小,而树干越通直的个体,树皮颜色越深,径生长也越快;在低海拔林分中,树皮厚度对树皮的其他性状和木材密度也有较好的指示作用,树干通直...     

Trends in grain yields and soil organic C in a long‐term fertilization experiment in the China Loess Plateau

Changes in grain yields and soil organic carbon (SOC) from a 26 y dryland fertilization trial in Pingliang, Gansu, China, were recorded. Cumulative C inputs from straw and root and manure for fertilizer treatments were estimated. Mean wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields for the 18 y ranged from 1.72 t ha^–1 for the unfertilized plots (CK) to 4.65 t ha^–1 for the plots that received manure (M) annually with inorganic N and P fertilizers (MNP). Corn (Zea mays L.) yields for the 6 y averaged 2.43 and 5.35 t ha^–1 in the same treatments. Yields declined with year except in the CK for wheat. Wheat yields for N only declined with time by 117.8 kg ha^–1 y^–1 that was the highest decrease among all treatments, and that for NP declined by 84.7 kg ha^–1 y^–1, similar to the declines of 77.4 kg ha^–1 y^–1 for the treatment receiving straw and N annually and P every second year (SNP). Likewise, the corn yields declined highly for all treatments, and the declined amounts ranged from 108 to 258 kg ha^–1 y^–1 which was much higher than in wheat. These declined yields were mostly linked to both gradual dry weather and nutrients depletion of the soil. The N only resulted in both P and K deficiency in the soil, and soil N and K negative balances in the NP and MNP were obvious. Soil organic carbon (SOC) in the 0–20 cm soil layer increased with time except in the CK and N treatments, in which SOC remained almost stable. In the MNP and M treatments, 24.7% and 24.0% of the amount of cumulative C input from organic sources remained in the soil as SOC, but 13.7% of the C input from straw and root in the SNP, suggesting manure is more effective in building soil C than straw. Across the 26 y cropping and fertilization, annual soil‐C sequestration rates ranged from 0.014 t C ha^–1 y^–1 for the CK to 0.372 t C ha^–1 y^–1 for the MNP. We found a strong linear relationship (R² = 0.74, p = 0.025) between SOC sequestration and cumulative C input, with C conversion–to–SOC rate of 16.9%, suggesting these dryland soils have not reached an upper limit of C sequestration.     

用于机械系统人机界面匹配研究的人体模型

从最基本的肢体着手,分析了肢体与整个人体模型的关系,采用面向对象的继承方法,构造了一个完整的三维人体模型,该人体模型可以构造出任意的姿态,并以空间的任意角度方位显示在屏幕上。人体模型内部带有数据库,用它构造出的人体模型在三维尺寸上符合国家标准ＧＢ１００００－８８“中国成年人人体尺寸”的要求。因此,用该人体模型可以方便地进行人体操纵动作模拟、姿态研究、人机系统的操作界面分析。     

黑曲霉木聚糖酶基因（xynB）的克隆及真核分泌表达

通过RT-PCR方法,以黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)GIM3.452总RNA为模板,克隆出木聚糖酶B(xy-lanase B,xynB)基因的成熟肽编码序列(567 bp),编码188个氨基酸.将其与猪腮腺分泌蛋白(parotid secretoryprotein,PSP)基因的信号肽序列通过重叠延伸PCR(SOE-PCR)得到拼接片段PSxynB,并将其克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA6/HisTMA中,得到重组质粒pcDNA-PSxynB,重组质粒经过酶切、测序鉴定,证实含有目的片段,且构建正确.在脂质体介导下将重组质粒pcDNA-PSxynB转染猪肾细胞(PK15),通过RT-PCR证实其在PK15细胞中表达,并在细胞培养液中测到了木聚糖酶活最高达36.4 IU/mL.     

寒温带兴安落叶松林土壤呼吸特征

碳是一切有机体的基本成分,也是构成生物体的主要元素.自工业革命以来,由于人类大量燃烧化石燃料和过度采伐森林等原因,导致大气中的CO2浓度不断升高,严重威胁着全球生态系统和人类自身的生存与发展,已经引起国际社会的高度关注.