益生菌对宿主机体免疫调节作用研究进展

益生菌是一类对宿主机体健康有益的低致病性或无致病性微生物。大量研究表明,益生菌能够维持宿主肠道菌群平衡,作用于肠道黏膜免疫系统,引起体液免疫和细胞免疫应答,从而调节机体的免疫功能。就益生菌的免疫调节作用途径,及其对机体体液免疫和细胞免疫的影响进行了综述。     

不同铁源对仔鸡生长的影响

选取1日龄罗曼蛋公鸡90只,随机分为3组,每组30只。以玉米、大豆分离蛋白为主要成分的半纯合基础日粮,在基础日粮中分别添加硫酸亚铁(含铁30%)、蛋氨酸铁(含铁10%)和甘氨酸铁(含铁10%)3种铁源,使铁含量各为80mg/kg,组成对照组和试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组。试验期为28d。28日龄时停饲24h后称重屠宰,取内脏器官,结果表明,蛋氨酸铁促进仔鸡体重的增加和内脏器官的发育,在21和28日龄时体重比对照组分别提高了10.57%和14.94%;甘氨酸铁组与对照组相比,差异不显著,但在一定程度上可以促进仔鸡体重的增加和内脏器官的发育。     

锰的添加方式对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响

试验选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡180只,随机分为3组。Ⅰ组为对照组,添加硫酸锰（MnSO4·H2O）120mg／kg;Ⅱ组添加蛋氨酸螫合锰60mg／kg;Ⅲ组分别添加蛋氨酸螯合锰（Met-Mn）30mg／kg和硫酸锰（MnSO4·H2O）60mg／kg。研究不同方式添加锰对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明．3种不同方式添加锰对肉仔鸡生产性能无显著影响（P〉0．05）．但Ⅲ组的饲料成本有所降低。因此,在肉仔鸡日粮中以第3种方式添加效果最佳。     

Chemical composition and microstructure of uroliths and urinary sediment crystals associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to water buffalo calves

The chemical composition and microstructure of seven uroliths and four urinary sediment samples associated with the feeding of high-level cottonseed meal diet to buffalo calves were examined by chemical qualitative analyses, scanning electron microscopy ( ), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry ( ). Struvite was a major component of kidney stones and of some bladder stones. The kidney stone sample appeared cracked under low power under , aggregated into tiny balls under high power, and as a bladelike structure under even higher power. The bladder stone samples appeared finely granular or granular with various forms of prismatic crystals. The urinary sediments were prismatic crystals, with granules. The newly found prismatic crystals, which were rich in potassium and similar to struvite in crystal structure, were identified as potassium magnesium phosphate (KMgPO₄ · 6H₂O) in some bladder stones and urinary sediments. However, crystals which contained Mg and P only, which had been used for struvite identification, were not found by examination in urinary sediments from fresh urine samples of buffalo calves fed the high-level cottonseed meal diet.     

免疫抑制对苏拉灭和贝尼尔治疗小鼠伊氏锥虫病疗效的影响

用从自然感染宿主分离的伊氏锥虫原种ＪＧ的克隆ＪＧｍｃ１和ＪＧｍｃ５感染免疫活性正常小鼠和免疫抑制小鼠，２４ｈ后，以苏拉灭或贝尼尔治疗，两种药物对免疫抑制小鼠的ＣＤ１００均明显高于免疫活性正常小鼠，由经受一次苏拉灭或贝尼尔治疗未愈的免疫抑制小鼠分离的锥虫，感染免疫活性正常小鼠，再用原来对该克隆感染的免疫活性正常小鼠ＣＤ１００的苏拉灭或贝尼尔治疗即无效。用免疫溶解试验分别测定一组免疫抑制和免疫活性正确     

蝗虫痘病毒对黄胫小车蝗生长发育和产卵力的影响

试验观察结果表明,蝗虫痘病毒除对黄胫小车蝗有显著致死作用外,使感病寄主在接种13～33d后,食量比对照减少28.73%～70.40 %导致生长发育缓慢,接种后13～18d,对照组生长率为36.3mg/d,而处理组则分别为14.9、14.5和9.6mg/d,仅为对照的1/4～1/2。寄主羽化极不整齐,对照组整个历期只有5d,而处理组则为16～46d,随着接种剂量的加大,这种“拖延”趋势越发明显。寄主产卵量明显降低,甚至根本不能产卵。处理组寄主“畸形”和“自相残杀”的情况也较对照组严重。     

仔猪白痢的防治

仔猪白痢又称迟发性大肠杆菌病,俗称仔猪奶泻,是由致病性大肠杆菌引起的仔猪常见肠道传染病,主要危害10-30日龄的仔猪。以下痢,排出白色或灰白色带腥臭味的糊状稀粪为特征。一年四季均可发生,以冬季和炎热夏季气候骤变时多发,轻者生长缓慢,重者脱水死亡,给养猪业带来一定的经济损失。