Hypoxaemia during anaesthesia in seven horses with colic

Anaesthetic records of horses with colic anaesthetised between June 1987 and May 1989 were reviewed. pH and blood gas analyses were performed during 157 operations from which the horses were allowed to recover. A PaO₂ of 8.0 kPa or less was measured during anaesthesia in seven of these horses. The horses were of different breeds, ages and sexes. Anaesthesia was induced with xylazine, guaifenesin and ketamine in four horses and with xylazine, guaifenesin and thiobarbiturate in three horses. Anaesthesia was maintained with inhalation anaesthetic agent and oxygen: isoflurane in five horses, halothane in one horse, and initially halothane but later isoflurane in one horse. Systolic arterial pressures during anaesthesia ranged from 80 to 150 mmHg, diastolic arterial pressures were between 60 and 128 mmHg, and heart rates were between 28 and 44 beats /min. Controlled ventilation was initiated at the start of anaesthesia. PaCO₂ exceeded 6.7 kPa in three horses but was subsequently decreased by adjustment of the ventilator. PaO₂ of 8.0 kPa or less was measured during early anaesthesia, with one exception, and persisted for the duration of anaesthesia. The horses' inspired air was supplemented with oxygen during recovery from anaesthesia, at which time measurement of blood gases in three horses revealed no increase in PaO₂. Recovery from anaesthesia was uneventful. The surgical problems involved primarily the large intestine in five horses and the small intestine in two horses. Six horses were discharged from the hospital alive; one horse was reanaesthetised later the same day and destroyed without regaining consciousness. We concluded that none of the objective values recorded during the pre-anaesthetic evaluation could have been used to predict the complication of intraoperative hypoxaemia. We observed that once hypoxaemia developed it persisted for the duration of anaesthesia and even into the recovery period when the horses were in lateral recumbency and regaining consciousness. We assume that the altered metabolism from anaesthetic agents and hypothermia combined with adequate peripheral perfusion contributed to the lack of adverse consequences in six of the horses. The contribution of hypoxaemia to the deteriorating condition of the seventh horse is speculative.     

基于PC104总线的直流伺服电动机控制

在PC104总线控制下，应用运动控制芯片LM629和电动机驱动芯片LMD18200实现了直流伺服电动机的控制。本文介绍了电动机控制系统的组成、电机控制板和系统控制软件。该控制系统具有体积小、功能强、反应速度快和控制简单等特点，可以应用在小型移动机器人的运动控制系统上。     

热风干燥下半干面含水率变化规律

半干面作为一种新型面制品,具有口感好和保质期长等优点。脱水干燥是半干面生产过程中最重要的工序之一,干燥方式和条件的选择直接影响着半干面的品质。利用热风干燥方式设计的恒温恒湿干燥系统通过对温湿度及风速等参数的设置,具有良好的干燥效果。通过对1.0×570和1.5×360和1.7×510 3种规格半干面在不同干燥条件下进行脱水干燥,得出3种规格半干面的含水率变化曲线。经过数据对比与分析,可知在干燥时间为22 min左右时,每一种规格的半干面均能达到含水率要求（22%～26%）。结论表明:在相同干燥条件下,直径接近,长度较短的半干面达到含水率要求所需干燥时间较短。该试验通过探究半干面含水率变化规律,为半干面的生产提供了一定的参考意义。      

9BS-2.4苜蓿草种籽播种机的设计研究

针对以紫花苜蓿为代表的豆科牧草种子机械化种植的工艺要求,设计研制了9BS-1.8型苜蓿草种籽播种机。同时,介绍了该机的整体结构、工作原理、技术参数,以及主要部件的设计原理和设计方法。该研究对苜蓿草种籽播种机的研制及相关技术的推广有着指导作用。     

中国沙棘的性状变异与演化趋势

在中国沙棘天然分布区的主轴线上,自西南向东北,选择5个有代表性的地段,用样地调查和统计分析方法.研究了中国沙棘主要性状变异及性状间的组配情况;比较了不同地段的异同;统计了各主要经济性状的变异参数;探索了几个主要性状的演化趋势。认为中国沙棘乃是多态型的种群系统,即存在很大幅度的随机变异,也存在着地理种群间的差异。种群变异的主要特征是各主要性状出现频率随生态——地理条件而递变,但群内变异幅度小,而群间差异显著。     

Application of Attribute Reduct Method in Spatial Load Forecasting

Spatial load forecasting is a process distributing the total forecasted load to all partitioned area, and involving more spatial information and more factor influencing application of the future small area, which need a great deal of memory space and longer operation time. Rough set is new method of data analysis. It need not be provided with any advanced information except data set. But attribute reduct is its main algorithms. Division matrix approach on rough set used to reduce the attribute related to land - use decision in order to remove redundancy attribute and then the rules of small area land - use decision is distilled. The method obtained better effect and enhanced the total load forecasting efficiency.     

A New Method for Parameterized Design of Metallic Doors and Windows

According to the graphics characteristics of metallic doors & windows design and based on the research of graphics dimension restriction problems. This paper provides a new method for parameterized design of metallic doors & windows in virtue of expression solution. In this method, the restrictions of graphic elements have been changed into the parameter expressions of sizes and positions of graphic elements. Through the calculation of such expressions, the parameter driven method has been reached. Thus the parameterization of graphics can be easier and quicker than before. It can be used to setup the open parameterized graphics libraries.     

A STUDY ON FRACTURE MECHANICS OF BRITTLE MATERIAL WITH PER-CRACKS

In this paper the fracture process of specimen,with single crack, double cracks and triple cracks is observed and analysed. The experimental results show that the fracture process of specimen is different because of the differention of the number, the distance and the type of array of cracks. And the fracture propagation of specimen with triple cracks and double cracks is foundmentally the same.     

麦弗逊式独立悬架导向机构的运动特性

运用多刚体动力学和空间机构运动学方法给出了麦弗逊独立悬架运动特性参数的计算方法。采用该算法对实例中的导向机构进行了分析运算,结果表明,该算法可行、有效,且使悬架的设计计算更为准确、清晰,提高了工作效率。     

阀芯运动过程液压锥阀流场的CFD计算与分析

应用CFD方法对阀芯运动状态下流体在锥阀内的流动状态进行了可视化计算和分析研究。参照实际锥阀的结构和参数，用CAD软件Pro／E建立了阀内流道的三维几何模型。应用前处理软件Gambit进行了网格的划分、细化，用自定义函数UDF确定了阀芯运动速度。应用Fluent中动网格技术进行了计算研究，获得了阀芯开启、关闭过程受到的瞬态液动力、流量系数与通过阀流量、阀开口度之间的定量关系。