Identification of a conformational epitope on the VP1 G-H Loop of type Asia1 foot-and-mouth disease virus defined by a protective monoclonal antibody

Although neutralizing antigenic sites of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can be defined by selection of monoclonal antibody (MAb) escape mutants, no conformational neutralizing epitope on the major antigenic site located on the G-H loop of type Asia1 FMDV has been precisely mapped. In this study, we generated a potent neutralizing MAb 3E11, which recognized a conformation-dependent epitope and neutralized FMDV Asia1/YS/CHA/05 in vitro. Importantly, a dose of 5.5 NT(50) of the MAb 3E11 completely protected suckling mice from a dose of 10 LD(50) of homologous virus challenge in vivo. Through a 12-mer random peptide phage display, synthetic peptide analysis and constructing a series of FMDV Asia1/YS/CHA/05 mutants using reverse genetic system, we finely mapped the neutralizing epitope as the 12-amino acid peptide (141)SXRGXLXXLXRR(152). These results provide additional insights into the virus-MAb interaction at the amino acid level and may help in the development of an epitope-based Asia1 FMDV vaccine.     

搜爆犬在硬质光滑地面的适应性训练

搜爆犬在一些高档的楼堂馆所进行安检时,常常因脚下地面光滑而行动有所迟缓,甚至出现打滑摔跤的情形。同时,搜爆犬脚爪磕地引发的“叭、叭”声响,也会造成搜爆犬心理上的恐慌,出现不能正常进行安检作业的情况。在警犬训练学领域,此类现象,被统称为环境适应性不过关。显然,搜爆犬的环境适应性不仅重要而且必要。     

温度对醉马草内生真菌共生体幼苗生长和生物碱产量的影响

研究了不同温度(8℃/5℃、15℃/12℃、22℃/15℃、28℃/25℃、35℃/28℃)处理对醉马草内生真菌共生体幼苗的形态指标、叶绿素、可溶性糖以及麦角酰胺和麦角新碱含量的影响,以期明确共生体幼苗生长和产碱的最适温度。结果表明,株高、根长和生物量均在22℃/15℃处理下达到最大,其中株高显著(P0.05)高于其它4个处理,根长显著(P0.05)高于28℃/25℃和35℃/28℃处理,生物量显著(P0.05)高于8℃/5℃、28℃/25℃和35℃/28℃处理,分蘖在15℃/12℃处达到最大,显著(P0.05)高于8℃/5℃、28℃/25℃和35℃/28℃处理。叶绿素在22℃/15℃处理下达到最大,显著(P0.05)高于8℃/5℃、15℃/12℃和35℃/28℃处理。可溶性糖在5个温度处理下差异不显著(P0.05)。在处理时间为15 d时,麦角酰胺和麦角新碱含量均在22℃/15℃处理下达到最大。综上所述,最适宜共生体幼苗生长、麦角酰胺和麦角新碱积累的处理温度是22℃/15℃。     

系统耦合与荒漠─绿洲草地农业系统─—以祁连山一临泽剖面为例

生态系统内部自由能的积累，使系统失去平衡并趋于同其它生态系统结合，自由能驱使两个或两个以上的生态系统或亚生态系统，通过会聚，超循环和耦合而联合，从而形成具有特殊结构一功能的更高一级的新系统。系统耦合可以多途径解放生态系统中的自由能而增加农业生态系统的生产力，亦即从催化潜势，位差潜势，多稳定潜势及管理潜势中取得能输出。上述过程可作用于农业系统中的四个子系统，这四个子系统各有自己的产品：前植物生产，植物生产，动物生产，外生物生产，从而大幅度提高其生产力。在荒漠─绿洲草地农业生态系统中，本文分别计量了各个子系统的能流单位及其流程，证明它的子系统也可以成功的发生系统耦合，其中绿洲子系统应居关键地位。     

Birth of puppies of predetermined sex after artificial insemination with a low number of sex‐sorted,frozen–thawed spermatozoa in field conditions

The aim of this study was to evaluate fertility and sex ratios after artificial insemination in dogs under field conditions. Semen was cryopreserved as unsorted (control) or was separated into X‐ and Y‐chromosome‐bearing sperm using a cell sorter. Sixty female dogs were inseminated with frozen–thawed spermatozoa of 100 × 10⁶ unsorted (a dose in practice) and 4 × 10⁶ sorted (X and Y group, respectively). A total of 20 dogs became pregnant and 126 puppies were born from the three groups. The percentage of parturition was similar for the X (5/20; 25.0%) and Y (4/20; 20.0%) group (P > 0.05), but lower than controls (11/20; 55.0%) (P < 0.05). Ultimately 28 out of the 32 puppies produced from X group were female (87.5%) and 19/22 (86.4%) puppies of Y group were male. In contrast, sex ratio (51.4% to 48.6%) in the control was significantly different from the X, Y group (P < 0.05). However, male and female puppies in the control had similar birth weights and weaning weights to those from the X and Y groups. This preliminary information indicated that normal puppies of predicted sex can be produced with low numbers of sorted cryopreserved dog spermatozoa at a farm level, making sperm‐sexing technology potentially applicable for elite breeding units.     

Transplantation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells for acute thoracolumbar disc disease with no deep pain perception in dogs

Thirty-four dogs with no deep pain perception due to acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease underwent decompression surgery within 1 week of diagnosis. All dogs underwent hemilaminectomy. Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) were transplanted into the injured spinal cord parenchyma for the AD-MSCs transplant dogs. Long-term outcome was evaluated at the end of the follow-up period (> 6 months). AD-MSCs combination treatment showed better recovery outcomes compared to decompression surgery alone. These results indicate that this stem cell therapy is a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome the limitations of treatment for spinal cord injury in clinical medicine.     

基层兽医机构防控非洲猪瘟效能评估与分析

为加强基层动物防疫体系建设,客观评估基层兽医机构防控非洲猪瘟能力和非洲猪瘟防控政策执行情况,组织开展了10个养猪大省的20个县基层兽医机构防控非洲猪瘟效能评估。结果显示：当前基层兽医机构具备防控非洲猪瘟的基本能力,但已不适应新时期动物疫病防控需要,部分关键能力存在不足;发生疫情县的防控能力普遍低于未发生疫情县,说明“人财物”资源配置好的地区防控非洲猪瘟等重大动物疫病的能力较强;政策落实情况与兽医机构效能总体上呈正相关性,技术性政策落实情况明显优于资源性政策落实情况。此次效能评估工作引起了地方政府重视,切实发挥了评估“指挥棒”作用,为各地加强基层动物防疫体系建设发挥了示范带动作用。     

汞矿区周围环境及畜禽砷、铅、铬污染情况调查

目的:对汞矿周围环境和畜禽进行砷、铅、铬污染调查,为掌握其污染情况提供依据。方法:电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS测定。结果:环境中水源污染铅、砷严重,蔬菜、粮食受到不同程度污染;鸡、鸭组织铅污染严重;猪、牛、羊砷、铅污染严重,部分组织受铬轻度污染。结论:汞矿周围环境以及饲养的畜禽存在严重砷、铅污染,轻度铬污染。     

贵州蓝莓泌蜜散粉规律及储蜜量研究

为了解贵州蓝莓泌蜜散粉规律,客观评估其储蜜量,对贵州省蓝莓主栽品种的花形、泌蜜量与浓度、花粉量与散粉规律、花量进行了系统研究。结果表明:(1)蓝莓平均花冠长度为9.83 mm,平均花冠口直径为3.56 mm,不同品种之间差异显著;(2)蓝莓花开的第1?2d泌蜜总量显著高于第3天,泌蜜高峰出现在上午10:00为33.02+L,之后随着气温升高而降低。花蜜糖浓度随时间延迟而逐渐升高,最高值出现在下午16:00达48%;(3)晴朗天气,设施大棚内外的蓝莓泌蜜量与花蜜浓度无显著差异,但棚内更趋于稳定,棚外波动较大;(4)蓝莓储蜜量大,平均每公顷蓝莓园储蜜4469 L,但受传粉昆虫数量、授粉时间与质量、果园管理及气候等因素影响较大,生产上引蜂授粉采蜜,应综合考虑树龄、传粉昆虫数量、气候等因素。