搞好山区综合开发迎接世界山区年

我国山区综合开发试点示范工作进入第6个年头.114个示范县按照"改土、治水、植树、修路、办电"的十字方针,通过国家专项贴息贷款的扶持和带动,促进了县域经济的发展,也辐射带动了周边山区县的经济发展,并取得了明显的生态效益和社会效益.山区正在成为我国生态建设、森林旅游、生态产品等世界潮流趋势最具发展潜力的地区.要利用2002年"世界山区年"的国际环境、实施西部大开发、即将加入WTO和我国林业实施六大工程战略的良机,加大工作力度,加快山区开发的步伐.2001年的山区综合开发要重点做好7个方面的工作.     

韭菜防虫网栽培和品种比较试验

对韭菜覆盖50目防虫网进行的栽培试验结果表明,覆盖防虫网后避免了韭蛆的发生,并且减少使用农药辛硫磷3次;防虫网栽培对韭菜累计产量无明显影响。对天津地区栽培普遍的三个韭菜品种的比较试验结果表明,一年生韭菜汉中冬韭和津引一号的产量极显高于791。二年生韭菜汉中冬韭的产量显高于791和津引一号。因此天津地区露地韭菜栽培以汉中冬韭为适宜品种。     

Effects of foliar- and root-applied silicon on the enhancement of induced resistance to powdery mildew in Cucumis sativus

Two cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) cultivars differing in their resistance to powdery mildew, Ningfeng No. 3 (susceptible) and Jinchun No. 4 (resistant), were used to study the effects of foliar- and root-applied silicon on resistance to infection by Podosphaera xanthii (syn. Sphaerotheca fuliginea ) and the production of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs). The results indicated that inoculation with P. xanthii significantly suppressed subsequent infection by powdery mildew compared with noninoculation, regardless of Si application. Root-applied Si significantly suppressed powdery mildew, the disease index being lower in Si-supplied than in Si-deprived plants, regardless of inoculation treatment. The resistant cultivar had a more constant lower disease index than the susceptible cultivar, irrespective of inoculation or Si treatment. Moreover, with root-applied Si, activities of PRs (for example peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase and chitinase) were significantly enhanced in inoculated lower leaves or noninoculated upper leaves in inoculated plants of both cultivars. Root-applied Si significantly decreased the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in inoculated leaves, but increased it in noninoculated upper leaves. However, Si treatment failed to change significantly the activity of PRs in plants without fungal attack. Compared to the control (no Si), foliar-applied Si had no effects either on the suppression of subsequent infection by P. xanthii or on the activity of PRs, irrespective of inoculation. Based on the findings in this study and previous reports, it was concluded that foliar-applied Si can effectively control infections by P. xanthii only via the physical barrier of Si deposited on leaf surfaces, and/or osmotic effect of the silicate applied, but cannot enhance systemic acquired resistance induced by inoculation, while continuously root-applied Si can enhance defence resistance in response to infection by P. xanthii in cucumber.     

基于分子遗传标记技术的实蝇种群遗传关系研究进展

分子遗传标记技术已用于分析实蝇的种群遗传关系,本文介绍了分子遗传标记技术在实蝇的起源、入侵、定殖、扩散及其他方面的研究进展,首次分析了我国实蝇种群遗传研究的现存问题并针对检疫性实蝇种群遗传关系研究提出了建议.     

犬顽固性咳嗽的中西兽医治疗方案探讨

日常动物医院门诊病例中,呼吸道病综合症在伴侣动物疾病临床上很常见,同行们称其为顽固性咳嗽。在新疆这个漫长的冬季当中,从每年的10月份至次年的4月份,呼吸道病综合症极为常见。这种病主要是由副流感病毒、腺病毒、犬瘟病毒、支原体、支气管败血波氏杆菌等病原和微生物单独或混合感染引起的高度接触性呼吸道传染病。对此病根据临床症状、X光检查、流行病学以及病理变化等不难做出初步诊断。对于犬呼吸道疾病的药物治疗方法值得研究与探讨。笔者采用中西兽医结合的治疗方案,从1998年至2002年共诊治犬顽固性咳嗽病例610例,疗效显著,总治愈…     

掘氏疫霉侵染甜瓜叶片的过程

 掘氏疫霉Phytophthora drechsleri为害甜瓜的苗、叶、蔓、瓜引起猝倒,烂叶,烂蔓,烂瓜。甜瓜种植区分布广泛,为害严重。     

棉花对硃砂叶螨抗性的鉴定和机制研究

1988-1991年进行的棉花抗硃砂叶螨试验表明,海岛棉和二倍体栽培棉(中棉和草棉)对硃砂叶螨具有较高水平的抗性,它们的抗螨性已通过远缘杂交技术转移到了感螨的陆地棉栽培品种中。来自四川省和河南省的一些品种以及来自美国的PD种质系对硃砂叶螨的抗性比湖北省当地品种要差。叶片有毛,无腺体和高含淀粉的棉花,硃砂叶螨为害较重;而叶片具有致密茸毛、棉酚、可溶性糖、叶绿素和类黄酮含量高以及叶片鲜重高的品种抗螨性较强。     

内蒙古土地资源与合理利用

内蒙古土地资源的特征:①土地面积辽阔;②土地地势高而平坦;③土地质量随地带性分布规律递变;④牧业用地比重大;⑤土地利用地区差异显著;⑥土地生产力低而不稳;⑦土地退化普遍。土地资源的合理利用;①因地制宜,合理布局;②改善农田生态系统;③合理利用草原;④增加森林覆盖率;⑤充分利用水域;⑥加强土地管理。     

Observation on behavior of adult oriental white stork in nesting period

lntroductionTherearemanystudiesonOrientaIWhiteStorks.Thestudysubjectsincludepopulation,distribution,migration,ecology,historicstatusandconservation,captivepropagation,reproductivebioIogyandbe-haviors,etc.KyDkoArchibaIdandBernardSchmitt(1991)reportedthecomparisonbetWeentheorientaIWhiteStorkandtheEuropeanWhiteStork.TheyalsodescribedspeciaIbehaviorsofiIlCIattering"anddi-videdinto3styIes.ThesearethreatbiIIcIattering",courtshipbilIclattering"andcontactbilIclattering".TheyexpIainedthefem…     

百倍冲水库种草养鱼防淤试验初报

百倍冲水库自1976年修建以来,养鱼由于饲料长期缺乏,300亩养鱼水面常年产鲜鱼1000kg左右,库内每年淤积泥砂0.6～0.8万立方米。作者于1985～1987年在库内的消落区种植黑麦草,紫云英;荒山种象草、扁穗牛鞭草;堤坝上种岸杂一号狗牙根;幼林地种鸡脚草、拉丁鲁白三叶等牧草配套养鱼和防止水土流失进行试验研究。结果,库内年鲜鱼产量由种草前1000kg提高到7000～8000kg,泥砂淤积量每年减少0.516万立方米,经济生态效益显著。