花椰菜新品种———津品55

 ‘津品55’为秋中早熟花椰菜一代杂种, 成熟期约60 d, 内叶合抱护球, 花球较紧, 洁白,单球质量1.0 kg左右, 产量30000 kg/hm² 左右, 比对照品种‘丰花60’增产26.0% ～43.3% , 生长势强,抗病性好。     

利用RAPD和同工酶研究中国兜兰属种间亲缘关系

 本文选择14种10个碱基的寡核苷酸引物和7种酶系统, 应用RAPD和同工酶分子标记技术分析中国兜兰属(Paphiopedilum) 种间亲缘关系, 并与陈心启和Cribb的传统分类、Cox等的ITS结果进行比较。研究结果显示, RAPD和同工酶两种手段对种间亲缘关系的划分与传统分类大致吻合, 同工酶比RAPD的结果更接近传统分类。兜兰亚属需进一步分组, 彩云兜兰、卷萼兜兰、紫纹兜兰及其变种云南虎皮应自成一个组。     

利用大白菜DH群体构建AFLP遗传连锁图谱

 以大白菜‘汴早- 26’和‘光90E16’的F₁ 代进行游离小孢子培养所获得的含有59个株系的DH群体为试材, 利用AFLP技术通过63对引物筛选共获得346个AFLP多态性标记, 运用JoinMap 3.0软件构建大白菜遗传连锁图谱。该图谱主要包括10个连锁群, 总图距为708 cM, 平均图距为2.0 cM。     

DNA Immunization Against Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus with VP2‐4‐3 Gene and Chicken IL‐6 Gene

The present study was to investigate the feasibility and efficiency of the DNA vaccine to protect chickens against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) infection. A plasmid DNA carrying VP2‐4‐3 genes of vvIBDV SH95 and a plasmid DNA carrying chicken interleukin‐6 (ChIL‐6) genes were constructed and designated as pALTER‐MAX‐VP2‐4‐3 and pALTER‐MAX‐ChIL‐6 respectively. Several DNA vaccination experiments were performed: 1‐week‐old chickens were intramuscularly injected with only plasmid pcDNA3‐VP2, pALTER‐MAX‐VP2‐4‐3 or mixture with pALTER‐MAX‐ChIL‐6. The chickens at 4 weeks old were orally inoculated with vvIBDV SH95. The results showed that immunization with the mixture of pALTER‐MAX‐VP2‐4‐3 and pALTER‐MAX‐ChIL‐6 three times conferred protection for 90% of chickens. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody titres in chickens immunized together with pALTER‐MAX‐ChIL‐6 were higher than those immunized simply with plasmid pcDNA3‐VP2 or pALTER‐MAX‐VP2‐4‐3. IBDV was not detected in the bursa of the protected chickens at 8 days after challenge by RT‐PCR. The results indicate that protection against vvIBDV can be achieved by using the VP2‐4‐3 gene of vvIBDV as a DNA vaccine. Furthermore, the simultaneous injection of ChIL‐6 plasmid significantly increased the protection after challenge with the very virulent strain.     

苹果采前落果与内源激素的关系

为了探讨苹果采前落果与内源激素之间的关系,在采前8周间定期测定了不同苹果品种的果柄、果台和离层形成部位组织中IAA、ABA含量;在采收前20d内定期测定了离层部位组织中细胞壁分解酶(Cellulase)的活性;在收获期测定了果实乙烯的发生量。结果表明:不同品种果柄、果台和离层部位组织中IAA和ABA含量变化有差异,但它们变化的总趋势相似,都是随着果实成熟IAA含量下降,而ABA含量上升;不同品种的成熟果实中乙烯发生量有很大差异,以落果多的品种显著大于落果少的品种;采前落果重的品种离层部位组织中细胞壁分解酶的活性在果实成熟期急剧增加。由于果实进入成熟阶段后,IAA含量下降,ABA含量升高,ABA/IAA之间的相对平衡被打破,高ABA/IAA以及高乙烯会刺激离层组织中细胞壁分解酶的活性增高,进而促进离层形成,这可能是导致落果发生的原因。     

套袋黄冠梨黑点病与钙素营养和果实衰老的关系

为探明套袋黄冠梨果实黑点病发病原因,从采后生理、矿质营养水平、酚类物质酶促褐变和果实衰老等方面对套袋黄冠梨果实黑点病进行了研究。结果表明:套袋果呼吸强度显著高于不套袋果;套袋果Ca含量仅为不套袋果的49%-63%,果皮钙素含量未套袋果>套袋健康果>套袋病果,套袋病果与不套袋果果皮N/Ca比值分别为9.8和6.1,K/Ca比值分别为17.6和8.8;果皮和果心酚类物质含量及多酚氧化酶活性(PPO)呈套袋病果>套袋健康果>未套袋果的趋势;套袋病果果皮丙二醛(MDA)含量及电导率显著高于未套袋果;果皮钙素含量与其PPO活性、多酚及丙二醛含量、电导率呈高度负相关。初步分析黄冠梨果实黑点病病因为缺钙性生理衰老。     

优质晚熟桃新品种‘美帅’

 ‘美帅’是‘大久保’和‘90-1’ (‘八月脆’ ב京玉’) 杂交育成的优质晚熟桃新品种。果实圆形, 平均单果质量275 g, 果面60% ～80%着鲜红色, 外观美丽。可溶性固形物含量12.6%。风味甜, 鲜食品质佳。果实8月中旬成熟, 丰产性强。     

淮北地区荷兰豆高产栽培技术要点

荷兰豆系采收嫩荚的食用荚豌豆,风味独特,色泽鲜绿,深受国际市场的欢迎.我地从1992年开始引进试种,现已形成近2万亩的生产规模.经技术人员的不断探索,已掌握一套行之有效适宜淮北地区的高产栽培技术,现将有关技术要点介绍如下：