黑杨派新无性系造林试验

用9个黑杨派新无性系在泰安市进行造林试验,其中I107,中林46,W1－13,I108等4个无性系的生长量较大,造林成活率较高。     

Effect of L-NAME on pulmonary arterial pressure,plasma nitric oxide and pulmonary hypertension syndrome morbidity in broilers

1. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of a synthetic inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (L-NAME) on pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) morbidity in broilers. 2. In Experiment 1, broilers were infused intravenously with L-NAME, and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mean PAP) and plasma NO were measured at 0, 1, 2 and 4 h after the start of infusion. The mean PAP increased and plasma NO was reduced at 1 to 2 h in broilers treated with L-NAME. 3. In Experiment 2, 180 Arbor Acres broilers were evenly divided into three groups: a control group (group C), and two groups exposed to low environmental temperatures and fed a 3, 3, 5-triiodothyronine (T3) supplemented diet alone (group A) or also including 100 ppm L-NAME (group B). 4. The PHS morbidity of group A was higher than for group C but lower than for group B. Plasma endothelin-1 was higher in broilers in groups A and B than in group C. Plasma NO was not significantly lower in broilers of group B when compared with those in group A. 5. The right/total ventricular weight ratio (RV/TV) and mean PAP were higher in groups A and B than in group C, and the RV/TV ratio increased one week earlier in group B than in group A. 6. These results suggest that L-NAME increases broiler PAP by inhibiting the endogenous synthesis of NO, leading to pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy and the increased morbidity of PHS in broilers.     

Geo-referenced spatiotemporal analysis of the urban citrus canker epidemic in Florida

ABSTRACT Five areas in urban Miami were identified to study the spread of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri to determine if the practice of removing exposed citrus trees within 38.1 m of trees affected by citrus canker was adequate to curtail further bacterial spread. To accomplish this, 18,769 trees in dooryards were surveyed, geo-referenced by differential global positioning systems (GPS), and assayed for disease severity, age of infection, citrus cultivar, location of infection in tree, and canopy size. For each tree, the date the tree became infected was estimated and used to separate trees into contiguous 30-day categories. For each area studied, distance measurements between focal trees and newly infected trees were calculated for various temporal periods of 30, 60, 90, and 120 days in duration, corresponding to intervals of inspection survey. A visual basic application was used to calculate the distances between each newly diseased tree and all prior focal trees. The nearest distance was used because it was considered the most conservative estimate possible. It is therefore likely to be an underestimate of spread but is a good estimate of the minimum possible distances of spread. For the first four 30-day periods among the five study areas, calculated maximum distances of spread ranged from 12 to 3,474 m, indicating a broad continuum of distance for bacterial spread was possible. Disease increased during the first two-thirds of the time studied and reached an asymptote due to dry conditions in the final one-third of the duration of the study. Cross correlation analysis indicated that disease was best visualized 107 days following rainstorms with wind. Analysis of regional spatial point patterns was performed temporally for each 30-day period via a modified Ripley's K-function. Spatiotemporal analyses between periods over areas larger than previously examined were accomplished via spatiotemporal semivariogram analysis. These methods in combination demonstrated rapid increases in range of spatial dependency and range of spatiotemporal dependency for all study sites. This corresponded to rapid spread of disease across the regions studied in response to rainstorms with wind followed by a "filling in" of disease on remaining noninfected susceptible trees through time by less intense rain events. A stochastic quadratization technique demonstrated that disease incidence and disease severity were not greatly affected by urban host density but were positively correlated to host susceptibility within local 0.25-km(2) quadrats.     

富士苹果果皮色泽形成的需光特性研究

富士苹果果皮中的花青苷有两次积累期,其中９月初至１０月初为迅速积累时期。果实着色的适宜光照强度范围为相对全光照的４０％￣８５％。促进果实红色形成的照光最大效率期为果实采收前４５ｄ内。红光（６４０ｎｍ）处理颗粒可提高果皮提高果皮细胞膜透性,并刺激果实内乙烯生成。花青苷生物代谢最终产物的生成需要白色光照射,整个生长期单一红光或紫光处理抑制花青苷的形成。     

Safety of selamectin in dogs

Selamectin is a broad-spectrum avermectin endectocide for treatment and control of canine parasites. The objective of these studies was to evaluate the clinical safety of selamectin for topical use in dogs 6 weeks of age and older, including breeding animals, avermectin-sensitive Collies, and heartworm-positive animals. The margin of safety was evaluated in Beagles, which were 6 weeks old at study initiation. Reproductive, heartworm-positive, and oral safety studies were conducted in mature Beagles. Safety in Collies was evaluated in avermectin-sensitive, adult rough-coated Collies. Studies were designed to measure the safety of selamectin at the recommended dosage range of 6-12mgkg(-1) of body weight. Endpoints included clinical examinations, clinical pathology, gross and microscopic pathology, and reproductive indices. Selected variables in the margin of safety and reproductive safety studies were subjected to statistical analyses. Pups received large doses of selamectin at the beginning of the margin of safety study when they were 6 weeks of age and at their lowest body weight, yet displayed no clinical or pathologic evidence of toxicosis. Similarly, selamectin had no adverse effects on reproduction in adult male and female dogs. There were no adverse effects in avermectin-sensitive Collies or in heartworm-positive dogs. Oral administration of the topical formulation caused no adverse effects. Selamectin is safe for topical use on dogs at the recommended minimum dosage of 6mgkg(-1) (6-12mgkg(-1)) monthly starting at 6 weeks of age, and including dogs of reproducing age, avermectin-sensitive Collies, and heartworm-positive dogs.     

神经内分泌因子、代谢产物对体外培养新生犊牛肝细胞胰高血糖素受体mRNA丰度的影响

为阐明神经内分泌因子胰岛素（In）、胰高血糖素（GLN）、瘦素（LEP）和代谢产物非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）、β-羟丁酸（BHBA）、葡萄糖（GLU）在奶牛肝糖代谢、脂代谢中的调控作用，应用荧光定量PCR（fluorescent quantitative PCR）法观察了神经内分泌因子、代谢产物对体外培养新生犊牛肝细胞胰高血糖素受体（glucagon receptor，GLNR）mRNA丰度的影响。结果显示：随着培养液中In、NEFA、BHBA和GLU的升高，GI。NRmRNA表达逐渐增加（P〈0．01）；随着培养液中GLN浓度的升高，GLNRmRNA表达逐渐降低（P〈0．01）；而随着培养液中瘦素浓度的升高，GLNRmRNA的表达呈先升高后降低的趋势（P〈0．01）。表明：神经内分泌因子In、GLN、LEP和代谢产物NEFA、BHBA、GLU直接调控新生犊牛肝细胞GLNRIT／RNA的表达。     

犬常见寄生虫病及防治

犬寄生虫病是犬病临床的常见病之一。犬患寄生虫病的种类很多,如果不能及时发现犬患上了寄生虫病或者未能及时准确地给予治疗,采取相应的防治措施,将会严重损害犬的健康。有些犬患寄生虫病还可以传染给人类,形成人犬共患危害人类身体健康。犬常见的寄生虫病有:蛔虫病、绦虫病、犬血丝虫病、     

不同干燥方法对苜蓿相同区段营养价值影响的研究

取同一地块现蕾期紫花苜蓿,分成上1/3、下2/3和全株苜蓿3部分样品,每种样品都分别采用自然通风晒干、室内通风阴干和60～65℃人工烘干3种不同的方式进行干燥。每个样品都进行干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维等营养成分的测定,结果表明:粗蛋白含量以晒干方式的最高(P<0.05);苜蓿干草中粗脂肪类物质的含量受干燥中温度的影响较大,随温度升高粗脂肪含量有增大的趋势;苜蓿不同的区段粗纤维含量均以风干干燥方式的最高(P<0.05)。