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41.
Ganesh S. Newaskar Vivek P. Chimote Subhash S. Mehetre Ashok S. Jadhav 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(2):211-216
Cytological and molecular investigations were undertaken for parent and progeny derived from a trispecific line [2(Gossypium arboreum × G. anomalum) × G. hirsutum var. BWR], which was crossed with G. hirsutum var. JLH168. Cytomorphological analysis of the F1 (G. arboreum × G. anomalum), its amphidiploid and progeny from trispecies hybrid showed distorted ploidy segregation with monovalents to hexavalents and high intergenomic (small A2 and large B1) allosynthetic chromosome pairing. Microsatellite analysis identified three fragments associated with G. arboreum and G. anomalum and six fragments associated with G. hirsutum in derivates of the trispecies line × G. hirsutum var. JLH168. Inter‐Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) analysis revealed fragments of G. arboreum and G. anomalum, only in F1 and amphidiploid. Chromosomal association and microsatellite analysis of three progeny genotypes (i.e. haploid, hexaploid and tetraploid no. 1) confirmed that they share multigenomic background from the three cotton species (A2, AhDh and B1 genome). The interspecific hybrid cotton genotypes studied are likely to be useful for the introgression of genes from diploid species to commercial upland cultivars. 相似文献
42.
Rice planthoppers' damage on Pusa Basmati 1 cultivar was simulated with InfoCrop, a generic crop growth simulation model. The model was calibrated and validated with two experimental data sets on planthopper population and rice yield that were generated through differential insecticide application during the rainy season 2006 and 2007. Simulated yield and total dry matter (TDM) in various treatments over the two experiments were found to be proximal to the observed yields (R2 = 0.972, RMSE = 4.61%) and TDM (R2 = 0.949, RMSE = 3.25%), respectively. Likewise, the simulated yield and TDM losses were also respectively close to observed yield losses (R2 = 0.938, RMSE = 13.53%) and TDM losses (R2 = 0.835, RMSE = 19.12%), suggesting appropriate validation of planthopper damage mechanism on Pusa Basmati 1 rice. Economic injury levels (EILs) of planthoppers were simulated with two control expenditures involving two applications with each of monocrotophos and imidacloprid, and three market prices of Pusa Basamti 1 rice. The EIL exhibited a negative relationship with market value of produce but a positive one with expenditure on control measures. Simulated EILs were comparable to earlier established empirical EILs, indicating utility of simulation models for developing location specific EILs that may help in doing away with the use of blanket EILs. Iso-loss curves, devised through validated model, depicted combinations of crop age and planthopper population that resulted in similar yield losses. Both the EILs and iso-loss curves can be useful in monitoring planthopper populations and promoting judicious pesticide applications that would avoid unwarranted control expenditure and environmental contamination. The simulation models being based on detailed crop ecological and physiological processes and pest damage mechanism can thus aid in development of location-specific decision support tools and ensure precision in pest management decisions. 相似文献
43.
We present the discovery of a nano-sized protein-derived micellar drug delivery system based on the polycationic albumin precursor protein cBSA-147. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was efficiently encapsulated into nanosized micelles based on hydrophobic interactions with the polypeptide scaffold. These micelles revealed attractive stabilities in various physiological buffers and a wide pH range as well as very efficient uptake into A549 cells after 1 h incubation time only. In vitro cytotoxicity was five-times increased compared to free DOX also indicating efficient intracellular drug release. In addition, multiple functional groups are available for further chemical modifications. Based on the hydrophobic loading mechanism, various classical anti-cancer drugs, in principle, could be delivered even synergistically in a single micelle. Considering these aspects, this denatured albumin-based drug delivery system represents a highly attractive platform for nanomedicine approaches towards cancer therapy. 相似文献
44.
Simulation models are synonymous with the application of the systems approach in pest management and help to formulate decision support tools for an effective decision-making. A study was undertaken to improve our earlier work on simulation of rice leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) damage and to develop decision support tools for its management. Currently, the leaf folder damage on Pusa Basmati1 rice was simulated with data sets generated in two field experiments during the rainy season 2008 and 2009. Simulated yields and total dry matter in different treatments over the experiments were close to their observed counterparts, indicating an appropriate validation of the leaf folder damage mechanisms on Pusa Basmati1 rice. The leaf folder economic injury levels were simulated based on control expenditure on application of cartap hydrochloride 50SP and quinalphos 25SC, and market price of Pusa Basamti1. The simulated economic injury levels of the leaf folder were more precise than that simulated in our previous study. Likewise, iso-loss curves represented combinations of crop age and the leaf folder damage that resulted in a similar yield loss. These decision support tools would facilitate accurate monitoring of the leaf folder damage to ensure judicious pesticide application. 相似文献
45.
46.
Chandra Prakash Kala Yogesh Dubey Suharyanto Mine Nose Susumu Shiraishi Hai-hua Zhang Guang-yu Li Xiu-mei Xing Er-jun Ren Ying Yang Fu-he Yang Subhash Hathurusingha Nanjappa Ashwath Ya-ni Gao Cheng-rui Tian Li-li Zhao Assan Gnoumou Fidèle Bognounou Karen Hahn Adjima Thiombiano S. M. Sirajul Haque Rahima Ferdoshi Sohag Miah M. Nural Anwar Angel Rolando Endara Agramont Sergio Franco Maass Gabino Nava Bernal Juan Ignacio Valdez Hernández Todd S. Fredericksen 《林业研究》2012,23(1):173-173
47.
Gulab Singh Yadav Anup Das Rattan Lal Subhash Babu Ram Swaroop Meena Somanagouda B Patil 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(9):1254-1267
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of tillage and mulch on weed growth, soil moisture storage, productivity and profitability of upland rice during 2012–2013 at Lembucherra, India. Tillage treatments included CT-RI: conventional tillage with 100% residue incorporation and NT-RR: no-till with 100% residue retention. Mulches included rice straw (SM), Gliricidia (GM), brown manuring (BM) and none (NM). CT-RI registered the highest total weed density (89–168 weeds m?2) and biomass (9.6–183 g dry weight m?2) than those for the NT-RR (75–161 weed m?2 and 8–155 g dry weight m?2). In addition, NT-RR stored (122–172 mm) more soil moisture (0–40 cm soil depth) in comparison with that for the CT-RI treatment (110–161 mm) during crop growing season. Tillage treatments did not have the significant effect on yields. NT-RR reduced the cost of cultivation by 31.5% compared with that for the CT-RI. Thus, the net returns under NT-RR were more than those for the CT-RI. The BM recorded the lowest weed biomass and density as compared to that under other mulches. Therefore, cultivation of upland rice using NT along with BM mulching enhanced productivity and profitability of rice cultivation in India. 相似文献
48.
Methanol extract of Ficus hispida L. showed significant inhibitory activity against castor oil-induced diarrhoea and PGE(2)-induced enteropooling in rats. It also showed a significant reduction in gastro-intestinal motility on charcoal meal test in rats. The results obtained establish the F. hispida leaf extract as an anti-diarrhoeal agent. 相似文献
49.
The methanol extract of aerial parts of Barleria lupulina orally tested at doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg exerted significant antihyperglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in rats [correction]. 相似文献
50.
We determined: (a) the physiological consequences of overproduction of putrescine in transgenic poplar (Populus nigra x maximoviczii) cells expressing an ornithine decarboxylase transgene; and (b) effects of variation in nitrogen (N) concentration of the medium on cellular polyamine concentration in transgenic and non-transgenic cells. Cells grown in the presence of supplemental (to the normal concentrations of N sources in the growth medium) and reduced amounts of NH4NO3 and KNO3 were used to study effects on membrane permeability, mitochondrial respiratory activity, protein accumulation, growth rates and changes in cellular polyamine concentration. The N concentration of the MS medium was not a limiting factor for continued overproduction of putrescine in transgenic cells. However, continued supplies of NH4+ and NO3- were required to maintain homeostatic amounts of putrescine in both cell lines. The presence of high amounts of putrescine in transgenic cells had significant effects on the physiological parameters measured. Compared with non-transgenic cells, transgenic cells had greater plasma membrane permeability, less tolerance to NH4NO3, more tolerance to KNO3, and accumulated higher amounts of soluble protein. 相似文献