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231.
Volpe Angela D’Arpa Stefania Del Moro Guido Rossetti Simona Tandoi Valter Uricchio Vito Felice 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(4):1773-1782
An environmentally friendly procedure suitable to restore a protected area was evaluated at laboratory scale. Soil contaminated
by high molecular weight (C > 10) aliphatic hydrocarbons and by chromium was withdrawn from the study site and a qualitative
study of soil hydrocarbon components was first performed in order to assess the potential source of contamination. To this
aim, a number of characteristic diagnostic ratios of hydrocarbon components were derived by processing chromatographic data,
and were used as indicators for distinguishing anthropogenic from natural hydrocarbons. Then, the efficiency of landfarming
for soil remediation was tested by comparing the effect of a few selected amendments and by monitoring the fate of chromium.
Soil microbial abundance and activity were also evaluated. Results showed that soil hydrocarbons were mainly of anthropogenic
origin and land treatment allowed effective degradation by native microbial populations even in the absence of amendments.
The investigated procedures had no effect on the mobilisation of chromium that remained in its stable form of Cr(III). Conventional
land treatment may therefore be an effective and safe procedure for the removal of hydrocarbons even in the presence of chromium,
and may be applied to areas where low-impact procedures are strictly required. 相似文献
232.
D'Angelo S Cimmino A Raimo M Salvatore A Zappia V Galletti P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(24):9977-9985
Apple is among the most consumed fruits worldwide, and several studies suggest that apple polyphenols could play a role in the prevention of degenerative diseases. 'Annurca' apple fruit undergoes, after harvest, a typical reddening treatment to turn the apples' skin red, and it is noted for its high firmness. This paper reports the effect of reddening-ripening treatment on polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity of both peel and flesh extracts. The in vitro antioxidant properties have been compared with the protective effect against the cytotoxic effects of reactive oxygen species using Caco-2 cells as model system. Pretreatment of cells with different polyphenolic apple extracts provides a remarkable protection against oxidative damage. This effect seems to be associated with the antioxidant activity of 'Annurca' apple polyphenolic compounds. The flesh has antioxidant properties comparable to those possessed by the peel. Neither the reddening nor the fruit conservation causes changes in the antioxidant properties possessed by this apple variety. The data indicate that polyphenolic compounds in 'Annurca' apples are relatively stable in the peel and also in the flesh; therefore, the health benefits of polyphenols should be maintained during long-term storage. Finally, a diet rich in apple antioxidants could exert a beneficial effect in the prevention of intestinal pathologies related to the production of reactive oxygen species. 相似文献
233.
Margherita Santoni Leonardo Verdi Shamina Imran Pathan Marco Napoli Anna Dalla Marta Francesca Romana Dani Gaio Cesare Pacini Maria Teresa Ceccherini 《Soil Use and Management》2023,39(1):588-605
The implementation of environmentally friendly agricultural policies has increased the need to compare agricultural aspects of conventional (CON) and organic farming (ORG) systems. The objective of the present work was to compare the effects of an organic and conventional long-term experiment on bacterial and fungal biomass and activity, as well as soil CO2 emission and readily available nitrogen forms in a soil cultivated with Helianthus annuus L. The microbial biomass was more active and abundant in ORG as well as soil CO2 emission. Despite being less abundant, fungi were more active than bacteria in both ORG and CON experiments. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the ORG treatment had a significantly greater bacterial richness than CON. Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla contributing more than others to the differences between the two systems. Moreover, the soil and content was not significantly different between ORG and CON, while was less in ORG. ORG sunflower yield was significantly less compared with CON. While much remains to be discovered about the effects of these agricultural practices on soil chemical properties and microbial diversity, our findings may contribute to this type of investigation. 相似文献