石斑鱼人工育苗技术研究

通过对点带石斑鱼人工育苗生产试验,从饵料准备、环境条件控制、管理措施等方面进行了探索。共培育出规格5～8cm的石斑鱼苗60多万尾。     

浙江遂昌毛竹鞭笋丰产培育技术

为了发挥毛竹林生产潜力,增加竹农经济收入,在多年实践研究的基础上总结出一套毛竹鞭笋丰产培育技术。研究认为：在毛竹笋材两用林中采挖鞭笋,不会影响整体的竹鞭鞭径和竹鞭总量生长;毛竹林地覆盖稻草和砻糠能显著提高第3年的鞭笋产量;培育高产鞭笋的最佳施肥时间为每年的5月;鞭笋采收时间为5-10月。毛竹鞭笋丰产培育技术可在毛竹笋材两用林经营中推广应用。     

Eremophilane-Type Sesquiterpenes from a Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium Copticola with Antitumor and Neuroprotective Activities

Chemical examination of a marine sponge-associated Penicillium copticola fungus resulted in the isolation of ten undescribed eremophilanes, namely copteremophilanes A–J (1–10), along with two new glycosides, 5-glycopenostatin F (11) and 5-glucopenostatin I (12). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, in association with ECD data and chemical conversions for configurational assignments. Analogs 1, 2, and 10 represent a group of uncommon skeletons of eremophilanes with an aromatic ring and a methyl migration from C-5 to C-9, and analogs 11 and 12 are characteristic of a PKS scaffold bearing a glucose unit. The incorporation of a chlorinated phenylacetic unit in 3–9 is rarely found in nature. Analog 7 showed neuroprotective effect, whereas 8 exhibited selective inhibition against human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). This study enriched the chemical diversity of eremophilanes and extended their bioactivities to neuroprotection.     

云水资源的生态和环境功探讨及其应用

为探讨云水资源优化配置的理论依据,文章以二元水循环规律为理论基础,通过对空中水、地表水、土壤水和地下水四水转化的关系和着陆后云水资源存在形式的分析,提出生态和环境功的概念并给出云水资源生态和环境功的计算模型,来描述云水资源的生态环境利用效率。以研究区为例进行应用研究,在雨季末期人工降水20mm时,用此模型计算了研究区三个子区域生态和环境功。应用得到两点主要结论:1)云水资源生态和环境功以地表径流水量生态和环境功为主。2)受水区得到云水资源转化的土壤水和地下水水量受到其初始土壤含水率和初始地下水位限制。应用结果表明云水资源生态和环境功模型函数可以作为云水资源优化配置的理论依据。     

泡椒专用品种--辛红1号的选育

辛红1号是由我所收集的国外辣椒品种“胡椒味辣椒”,采用系谱法,经过多代分离、定向选择获得的一个泡椒专用品种。该品种为半辛辣型,尾味带甜,果实硬度好,特适宜泡制。果实圆柱形,青椒深绿色,老熟时大红色,果面有少许网纹,一般667m2产红椒1400kg。经多点试验和生产示范,适宜在我国西南、长江流域和南方大部分地区种植。     

Antiviral Cyclopropane Acids from Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Aspergillus sydowii

Four novel monocyclic cyclopropane acids, namely, sydocyclopropanes A–D (1–4), along with one known congener hamavellone B (5), were isolated from the Aspergillus sydowii MCCC 3A00324 fungus, which was isolated from the deep-sea sediment. The gross structures of novel compounds were established by detailed analyses of the spectroscopic data (HRESIMS and NMR spectra), and their absolute configurations were resolved on the basis of the quantum chemical calculations of ECD and NMR data, in association with DP4+ probability analyses. Sydocyclopropanes A–D, featuring the 1,1,2,3-tetrasubstituted cyclopropane nucleus with different lengthy alkyl side chains, were discovered in nature for the first time. All compounds exhibited antiviral activities against A/WSN/33 (H1N1), with IC₅₀ values ranging from 26.7 to 77.2 μM, of which compound 1 exhibited a moderate inhibitory effect (IC₅₀ = 26.7 μM).     

低温逆境下喷施氯化钙与热激对不知火杂柑果实生理生化的影响

果实钙含量与低温伤害有着密切的关系,主要机制在于钙能防止果实的细胞膜损伤和渗漏,稳定膜结构和维持膜的完整性。胞外Ca^2＋功能通过保护质膜的稳定性,使质膜具有较好的离子选择通透性,还可能对一些胞外酶或膜蛋白起调节作用。近年的研究表明,热激（非致死温度的热锻炼）处理能提高多种植物抗低温逆境的能力,还能引起胞内Ca^2＋浓度迅速（1分钟之内）升高,因此可以认为,Ca^2＋可能是启动热激反应的胞内关键因子。不知火杂柑品质优良,已有多篇文章对其进行研究。     

日光温室番茄对锌的吸收与分配规律

以中杂9号番茄为试材,研究了秋冬、冬春两个茬口日光温室内不同光温环境下番茄对锌的吸收和分配规律。结果表明:秋冬茬番茄对锌的吸收量仅为冬春茬的76．98％。不同茬口不同生育阶段植株吸收锌的量不同,秋冬茬和冬春茬番茄对全锌的吸收量均呈单峰曲线,生育前期吸收量所占的比例小,果实膨大期和采收初期吸收量所占比例大,冬春茬为63．07％,秋冬茬约为68。36％。     

不同寄主来源的葡萄霜霉病菌致病力测定及孢子囊大小比较

对采自我国不同地区、不同主栽葡萄品种‘红地球’、‘巨峰’及‘赤霞珠’上的12份葡萄霜霉病菌的致病力及孢子囊大小进行了比较和分析,结果表明:采自不同葡萄品种的病原菌对感病葡萄品种‘奥迪亚无核’叶片的致病力具有明显差异,其中‘巨峰’及‘红地球’来源的病原菌致病性较强,明显大于‘赤霞珠’来源的病原菌致病力;采自不同葡萄品种的霜霉病菌孢子囊大小存在一定的差异,‘赤霞珠’来源的病原菌孢子囊明显大于‘巨峰’及‘红地球’来源的霜霉病菌孢子囊。上述结果表明,采自不同寄主的葡萄霜霉病菌的致病力及孢子囊大小均存在一定程度的分化。