海滨锦葵数量性状的相关和通径分析

对海滨锦葵的16个数量性状进行了相关和通径分析。结果表明, (1) 种子产量与果实数、地径、结果枝比、结果枝数、百粒重间呈十分显著的正相关（r = 0.945、0.770、0.567、0.497、0.397）,与粗脂肪含量间呈显著的正相关（r = 0.348）;但与结果枝高度间呈十分显著的负相关（r =－0.343）;粗脂肪含量与百粒重、结果枝底径和地径间呈十分显著正相关 (r = 0.389、0.383和0.358),但与结果枝枝下高间呈显著的负相关(r =－0.397)。(2) 果实数对种子产量的直接正效应最大,其后依次是叶长、地径、结果枝长、百粒重、分枝数、结果枝角度、结果枝高度和株高;14个产量因子中有5个对产量有直接的负效应,包括叶宽、叶长宽比、结果枝数、结果枝底径和结果枝比。相关、直接作用和间接作用相结合的分析表明,对果实数、地径和百粒重的直接选择可有效增加种子产量;选择结果枝高度低的植株对种子产量改良有益;结果枝数和结果枝比的选择有助于提高种子产量,因其通过果实数和地径的间接作用较大。     

彩色免疫金银染色法检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的研究

试验首次建立了固相载体上的彩色免疫金银染色法(CIGSS)检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV),并获得成功。用提纯的PRRSV高免兔制备高免血清,按常规方法提取兔抗PRRSVIgG,建立了检测PRRSV抗原的彩色免疫金银染色法。经方阵试验确定最佳兔抗PRRSV IgG工作浓度为1∶400,金标羊抗兔IgG的工作浓度为1∶1 000,银染色的时间为15 min,彩染的时间为2 min。用该法对提纯的PRRSV病毒抗原的最低检出量为1.469μg/ml,其敏感性为DIGFA的5倍。以CIGSS法检测了52份疑似PRRSV感染的猪样本,阳性率为53.84%,而检测猪细小病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪伪狂犬病毒、猪巴氏杆菌以及正常的Marc-145细胞培养物,均为阴性反应。表明该法具有快速、准确、操作简便、敏感性高、易于判断、特异性强、重复性好等优点,可用于大量PRRSV抗原样本的检测。     

Cerebroside and ceramide from the pollen of Brassica napus L.

The new cerebroside 1-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-(2 S, 3 S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosenoilamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (1) and ceramide (2 S, 3 S, 4R, 8E)-2-[(2′R)-2′-hydroxytetracosenoilamino]-8-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the pollen of Brassica napus L. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic method. Two new compounds were evaluated for activity in vitro assays for the cytotoxic activities against human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line (Tca8113).     

我国石榴产业发展现状及其战略选择

通过对我国石榴产业发展现状作SWOT分析,明确其发展的内部的优势、劣势和外部的机会、威胁,在此基础上提出石榴产业的发展战略.将资源优势转化为商品优势和经济优势,增强新品种、新产品的研发力度,增加产品附加值和扩大石榴产业基地建设,为我国石榴产业未来做大、做强指明方向.     

浅析人工挖孔扩底桩的施工要点

作者通过施工过的具体工程,对人工挖孔扩底压力注浆桩在砂土地基中的施工工艺和技术措施,及在特定条件下使用这种技术的特点、安全措施等做了简要的阐述。     

Mapping of Verticillium Wilt Resistance QTL with Interspecific Advanced Backcross Population between Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Sea-Island Cotton (G. barbadense L.)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. [Method]In this study, with the cultivar Lumianyan 28(Gossypium hirsutumL.) as the recipient parent and the F₁generation obtained from the cross Hai7124 (G. barbadense) and TM-1(G. hirsutumL.) as the donor parent, an interspecific advanced backcross population was constructed. Compared with the integrated high density genetic linkage map published, simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers of polymorphism were used to construct genetic linkage map. QTLs detection was conducted by composite interval mapping method in field and disease nursery. [Result] 216 simple sequence repeated (SSR) markers of polymorphism were assigned to 26 Chromosomes with a total map distance of 3 380 cM and an average distance of about 15.77 cM between two adjacent markers. Six QTLs located on 6 chromosomes had been detected and could explain phenotypic variance with 8.56%～20.26%. Five of Six QTLs were consistent with the previous study. Moreover, one novel QTL which located on Chromosome 1 was detected in this study. These results maybe helpful for the marker-assisted development of new cultivars which were resistant to Verticillium wilt. [Conclusion] Six QTLs were detected, one of them is a new QTL on chromosome 1.     

Effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) on the development of preimplantation rabbit embryos <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis>

This study aimed to investigate the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) on the development of preimplantation rabbit embryos in vitro. Zygotes were collected from superovulated New Zealand rabbits 19 h after injection of hCG and immediately mating and cultured in TCM-199 plus fatty-acid free BSA with different concentrations of NGF. Zygotes not treated with NGF served as control. At 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h of the culture, the numbers of the early cleavage stage, morulae, blastocysts and hatching blastocysts were determined. The intrazonal diameter of the blastocyst and the total cell numbers per blastocyst were measured after 96 h of culture. The results showed: (1) NGF at 100 ng/mL and 1000 ng/mL could improve the numbers of the hatching blastocysts which developed compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05); (2) All concentrations of NGF increased the total cell numbers in the blastocysts compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05); (3) NGF had no significant effect on the blastocyst intrazonal diameter of the blastocysts at 96 h of culture (p = 0.493); (4) The proportion in the early cleavage stage at 24 h of culture (p = 0.635), of morulae at 48 h of culture (p = 0.812) and of blastocysts at 72 h of culture (p = 0.812) in all treatments were not significantly different.     

蛋白质沉淀剂对杨小舟蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的部分纯化

用硫酸铵和聚乙二醇（PEG）沉淀技术对杨小舟蛾幼虫谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs）进行了纯化研究。结果表明：通过硫酸铵沉淀，杨小舟蛾GSTs活性主要分布在40％～60％沉淀段，比活力为174．41nmol／（min&#183;mg），纯化倍数为1．39。在5种PEG（PEG400、PEG2000、PEG4000、PEG6000和PEG20000）中，PEG20000的纯化效果最好。杨小舟蛾PEG20000沉淀的GSTs活性峰主要分布在10％～15％沉淀段，GSTs比活力＆454．14nmol／（min&#183;mg），纯化倍数达到15．50。因而，PEG20000沉淀对于杨小舟蛾幼虫GSTs的纯化效果优于硫酸铵。     

Inheritance of steroidal glycoalkaloids in potato tuber flesh

Potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) is the third most important food crop worldwide after wheat and rice in terms of human consumption. A critical domestication trait for potato was the decrease of toxic steroidal glycoalkaloids(SGAs) in tuber flesh. Here, we used a diploid F_2 segregating population derived from a cross between S. tuberosum and the wild potato species Solanum chacoense to map the quantitative trait loci(QTLs) associated with the regulation of SGAs content in tuber flesh. In a three-year study, we identified two QTLs on chromosomes 2 and 8 affecting SGAs content in tuber flesh. The QTL on chromosome 8 harbors 38 genes that are co-expressed with the GLYCOALKALOID METABOLISM genes. These findings lay the foundation for exploiting the genes controlling SGAs content in tuber flesh and they provide a theoretical basis for the use of wild germplasm in potato breeding.     

我国黄瓜疫病生物防治研究进展

黄瓜疫病是黄瓜生产中的重要土传病害之一,化学防治效果不佳且存在生态安全问题,直接影响了黄瓜的生长和果实的产量及品质,造成了不可挽救的损失。如何避免疫病的发生、减轻其危害是提高黄瓜增产增收的关键。本文系统综述了我国目前应用于黄瓜疫病的生物防治措施,包括拮抗微生物、植物源抑菌,为今后的研究提供了理论基础。