The Storage of Tree Data Structure by Gradation and Classification and Application in CAD for Engineering Structure

The traditional storage of tree data structure is according to the relation of the elements' frant-and-back. Since it is difficult to define the frant-and-back relation of graphics units in CAD for Engineering structure, the application of the tree structure becomes inconvenient. The authors change the storing method for the tree structure into gradation and classification. And a graded equivalence relation of graphics units is brought forward, which grade the graphics units with the equivalence relation. By using this storing method, we can easily accomplish some operations, such as picking up the subtree with a certain character, deleting a node, insert a graded and classified node, etc. The example provided indicates that the storage by gradation and classification can speed up searching and process the data of the subtree by gradation and classification expediently. This kind of storing method for the tree structure is applicable for data which contain the graded equivalence relation.     

富贵竹切口保鲜及贮运研究

通过大量实验筛选出适合富贵竹切口的保鲜液,冬季宜采用配方12,夏季宜采用配方5进行处理。处理液B对防治脚部黄化及促根效果极显著。加工后的富贵竹成品货柜运输的最佳温度为15￣16℃,配合含1.0mg/L6-BA 1‰托布津的保水剂包根处理,可极显著降低贮运中的损失率。研究成果在生产中成功应用。     

对三农问题和农村城市化问题的若干思考

中国是一个农业大国，农业经济状况在很大程度上决定了整体经济的发展态势。对中国当前农业发展现状中的主要问题进行分析，认为只有积极进行城市化建设才能解决中国农业发展的根本问题，同时，就中国城市化的路径选择与城市化发展的中短期目标提出自己的看法。     

大豆品种自贡冬豆花芽分化及开花逆转过程的形态解剖学研究

研究了光周期反应敏感的晚熟大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]品种自贡冬豆在正常花芽分化和开花逆转过程中的解剖学特征。光周期处理包括连续短日照（SD, 12 h）、连续长日照（LD, 16 h）和13 d短日后转入长日(SD13d-LD)3种。结果表明, 自贡冬豆在连续短日条件下可正常开花结实;经13 d短日照处理后移至长日照下约50％的植株发生开花逆转,另外50％的植株形成短的顶端花序;在连续长日照下保持营养生长。短日照不仅促进大豆的生殖发育, 而且加快出叶速度。短日处理3 d基部叶腋开始分化花芽;13 d顶端分生组织开始分化花序,19 d顶端花序分化结束,29 d植株开花。SD13-LD处理,在移至长日照的最初14 d内,顶端分生组织继续分化花原基,但分化速度比连续短日处理慢,分化出的花芽数目少。长日处理20 d（出苗后33 d）左右,约50％植株的顶端分生组织逆转到营养器官的分化。在连续长日条件下,顶端分生组织一直分化叶片。还讨论了叶片和花器官的同源性。     

以科学的视角揭开作物转基因的神秘面纱

转基因技术是近现代农业史上发展最为迅猛的作物遗传改良技术。1996年首例转基因作物开展商业化种植,截至2016年转基因作物种植面积已呈百倍增加。人们从转基因作物的大面积推广应用中获得了巨大的经济效益与社会效益。目前转基因在我国被"妖魔化",甚至出现"谈转基因色变"的局面。为使公众对转基因有科学全面的认识,对转基因的基本概念、国内外发展现状、安全性评价等内容进行了阐述,同时展望了转基因作物在我国产业化的发展趋势。     

Fine mapping of a day‐length‐sensitive dwarf gene in rice

Dwarf mutants are valuable and crucial resources for genetic research and crop breeding programme in rice. In this study, we identified a dwarf mutant derive from tissue culture, which exhibited a delayed heading date and dwarfism under long‐day growth conditions, suggesting the heading date of dwarf mutant was sensitive to day length. Based on 2000 F₂ mutant‐like individuals from the cross of the mutant and a Japonica var. ‘IRAT129’, the dwarf gene was finally narrowed into a 512‐kb region near the centromere on chromosome 9. According to the sequence analysis of a delimited region, 21 genes had base alternations either in promoters (15 SNPs) or in coding regions (6 InDels) among 73 annotated genes, and five genes were confirmed sequence alternations resulting from their expression mainly in the vegetative organs. Given to the RNAi plants of the five genes incapable to mimic dwarf and late heading date phenotype, the candidate gene remains to be identified by other genetic or molecular methods. Therefore, all these results give us informative foundation for the day‐length‐sensitive dwarf gene isolation.     

水果型番木瓜组培无菌系的构建

用无菌水、GA3 和6-BA等不同试剂对水果型番木瓜种子进行预处理后接种于培养基中,通过研究不同试剂对种子发芽率、胚芽和胚根的伸长、幼苗苗高的影响,筛选出构建水果型番木瓜组培无菌系的较好种子预处理方式。结果表明,无菌条件下用75%酒精均匀擦拭水果型番木瓜果皮表面,取出种子,用无菌水冲洗3次是较好的灭菌方法,种子污染率为2.52%;水果型番木瓜种子灭菌后经GA3 1000 mg/L+6-BA 1 mg/L（等体积混合）浸泡18 h处理后,接种于MS培养基中培养,种子发芽率、胚芽、胚根和苗高等各指标平均数达到较高值,分别为68.42%、2.25cm、0.8 cm、1.52 cm,幼苗整体生长情况较好,构建了良好的水果型番木瓜组培无菌系。     

江苏省杂草稻遗传多样性及其起源分析

前期调查研究表明江苏是中国杂草稻危害最严重的省份之一,尤其以苏中地区最甚。因此,本文利用具有多态性的33个共显性SSR标记,分析苏中地区的11个杂草稻种群以及苏南苏北部分杂草稻样品,以揭示江苏省主要杂草稻的遗传多样性及其来源。结果表明苏中地区11个杂草稻群体总的遗传多样性(He)为0.1661,Shannon指数(I)为0.2872;多态位点百分率达到87.88%,等位基因数(Na)为2.1515,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.2887。其中,泰州的遗传多样性最高而南通地区的最低。杂草稻在地区之间的遗传分化(1%)显著小于杂草稻种群之间的遗传分化(39%),更小于种群内的遗传分化(60%)。聚类分析和主成分分析结果表明苏中和苏南地区杂草稻以籼型为主,苏北地区存在少量粳型杂草稻;苏中地区的杂草稻与现有栽培稻品种和普通野生稻没有明显的亲缘关系,但与曾经栽培过的杂交水稻品种有关。因此,本研究相对支持江苏省杂草稻可能主要来自栽培稻的基因重组或回复突变等产生野生性状即返祖遗传的假说。苏北地区的杂草稻可能来源于穞稻与现今栽培稻杂交的后代。     

高效液相色谱法同时分析五倍子提取物中的没食子酸和鞣花酸

采用五倍子提取物为原料,建立了一种同时快速准确分析五倍子提取物中没食子酸和鞣花酸含量的方法;通过全波长扫描确定检测波长、考察各因素对检测结果的影响,确定最佳检测条件,从方法学角度考察检测方法的可行性。采用C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈和1%冰乙酸,梯度洗脱（0→10 min:18%乙腈,10→15 min:18%→20%乙腈）,柱温35℃,检测波长为248 nm,洗脱流速为1 mL/min,没食子酸和鞣花酸分别在0.44μg~1 mg、0.08~8μg内与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,R2值均为0.9995,平均回收率分别为96.74%、97.10%,相对标准差分别为0.89%、1.53%。应用此方法能够在15 min内同时快速准确分析五倍子提取物中的没食子酸和鞣花酸含量,缩短了五倍子的高值化利用研究过程中的检测时间,提高了工作效率。     

The effects of wall parameters on CH4 catalytic combustion in micro-channels

The paper uses CFD simulation to investigate the catalytic surface reaction and heat loss characteristics of premixed CH4/air in micro-channels with Platinum catalyst. A 3D model is used with the detailed surface elementary reaction mechanism, which includes the coupled heat transfer of wall and flow domain, solid wall thermal conductivity and the convection and surface radiation between wall and the environment. The results show that the thermal conductivity has a big impact on the uniformity of wall temperature. The convective heat transfer coefficients and the surface emissivity are the key factors to determine the external heat loss of micro-combustor. An increase of wall depth can reduce the external heat loss per unit area, but it increases the total heat loss. The change of the amount of heat loss changes the reaction rate and residence time of mixed gas in the channel, which affect the methane conversion. The research indicates that the material with bigger thermal conductivity is better to fabricate micro-combustors, and the multi-methods are needed to reduce the wall heat loss.