Construction and characterization of cDNA library from water-stressed plantlets regenerated in vitro of Populus hopeiensis

In order to isolate and clone water-stress-responsive genes, total RNA was extracted from water-stressed plantlets regenerated in vitro of Populus hopeiensis using a QIAGEN RNeasy Plant Mini Kit. CDNA, synthesized by LD-PCR with the SMART cDNA Library Construction Kit, was in vitro packaged into a phage λTriplEx2 vector. The resulting primary library and amplified library have a titer of 1.68 × 10⁶ and 1.69× 10⁹ pfu·mL⁻¹ respectively. The combination ratio reached 98.8% and the average size of inserts was about 800 bp. In addition, the percentage of inserted fragments (>400 bp) was approximately 90%. The results indicate that a cDNA library has been successfully constructed. [Supported by the National “863” Project (Grant No. 2002AA2Z4011)]     

养殖水体生物脱氮技术研究进展

近年来，水产养殖业在全球范围内迅速发展，我国水产养殖产量已达到世界养殖产量的50％以上。同时，随着人们生活水平的提高，尤其是我国加入WTO以后，人们对水产品的品质提出了更高的要求，循环水养殖系统因其高度集约化和水质相对容易控制等优势在国内外得到了广泛应用，它是实现高效、绿色和清洁水产品生产的重要途径。在循环水养殖系统中，鱼类所食饵料的70％～80％通过鳃的扩散、离子交换以代谢产物或残饵的形式排入水中。     

基于LabVIEW的液压制动系控制机构性能参数的测试系统

利用虚拟仪器技术开发出了基于虚拟仪器的汽车液压制动系控制机构性能参数的测试系统。该系统用LabVIEW的信号处理VI对制动踏板力信号、制动液压信号进行分析和运算,采用高速的磁盘流技术对数据进行存储和回放,实现制动特性即时检测及数据采集、数据分析和结果实时显示。     

放牧绵羊对恢复阶段退化草场营养物质含量的影响

选取内蒙古自治区克什克腾旗达来诺日镇典型草原区封育恢复中天然放牧草场,于2008年6～10月进行毛肉兼用细毛羊的暖季放牧试验.采用2×5完全随机试验设计,设定不同放牧方式(不放牧,连续放牧,四区、五区、六区轮牧)及2种放牧强度,研究围封过程中放牧绵羊对封育草场牧草营养物质含量的影响.结果表明,不放牧区牧草初水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量显著高于轮牧和连续放牧区,酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量显著低于放牧区;随着放牧季节的延续,不放牧区牧草营养价值下降速度最慢,轮牧区次之,连续放牧处理下降最明显;四区、五区和六区轮牧处理间牧草营养物质含量变化差异不显著.放牧方式与放牧强度对草场营养物质含量动态变化表现出不同程度的瓦作效应.因此,在放牧强度适中时,划区轮牧能够体现其优越性,随着牧草生长季的延续,较好地保存牧草的营养价值.     

The role of antioxidant system in freezing acclimation-induced freezing resistance of Populus suaveolens cuttings

We investigated the changes in the contents of H2O2, malonaldehyde (MDA) and endogenous antioxidants, the activities of protective enzymes and some critical enzymes involved in the ascorbate-glutathione (ASA-GSH) cycle as well as freezing resistance (expressed as LT50) and correlations mentioned above, in detail using Populus suaveolens cuttings. The purpose was to explore the physiological mechanism of the enhancement of freezing resistance induced by freezing acclimation at –20°C, and to elucidate the physiological mechanisms by which trees adapt to freezing. The results showed that freezing acclimation enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GR). And it increased the contents of reduced ascorbate (ASA), reduced glutathione (GSH), dehydroascorbate (DHA) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). However, H2O2 and MDA contents and LT50 of cuttings were decreased. LT50 in cuttings was found to be closely correlated to the levels of SOD, POD, CAT, APX, DHAR, MDAR, GR, H2O2, MDA, ASA, GSH, DHA and GSSG during freezing acclimation. This suggested that the enhancement of freezing resistance of cuttings induced by freezing acclimation may relate to the distinct increase for the levels of SOD, POD, CAT, APX, DHAR, MDAR, GR, ASA, GSH, DHA, and GSSG. In addition, the observed levels of APX, DHAR, MDAR, GR, ASA, DHA, GSH and GSSG were higher than those of SOD, POD and CAT during freezing acclimation. It indicated that a higher capacity of the ASA-GSH cycle is required for H2O2 detoxification, and growth and development of cuttings. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the ASA-GSH cycle plays an important role in enhancement of freezing resistance of P. suaveolens cuttings during freezing acclimation.     

Research advances in the study of Pistacia chinensis Bunge, a superior tree species for biomass energy

As a renewable energy, biomass energy has aroused wide attention and studies of this issue have become a hot topic throughout the world. Pistacia chinensis Bunge (Anacardiaceae) is a superior species for biomass energy with high oil content in seeds and wide geographic distribution. It is a dioeciously, deciduous arbor, flowering from March to April and bearing fruits from September to November. The classification, regional distribution and biological characteristics of P. chinensis are stated in this paper, then, research advances in the growth, breeding and physiology of this species are summarized. The problems in present studies are broached. Finally, a future direction for research is proposed.