结缕草属草坪草种质资源的耐盐性评价

 以相对绿叶盖度和相对枝叶修剪干重为指标,通过水培法系统地对７种１０３份结缕草属种质资源用２０ｇ／ＬＮａＣｌ进行耐盐性评价。结果表明,供试材料间的耐盐性差异很大。以相对绿叶盖度进行比较,比‘马尼拉’和‘兰引３号’强的材料各有２８份和４６份;以相对枝叶修剪干重为指标,比‘马尼拉’和‘兰引３号’强的材料各有１１份和２５份。供试材料种间耐盐性最强的为太平洋结缕草,大穗结缕草、沟叶结缕草和细叶结缕草的耐盐性也较强,中华结缕草、结缕草和朝鲜结缕草的耐盐性中等或较弱。以相对绿叶盖度和相对枝叶修剪干重为指标对１０３份结缕草属种质资源进行聚类分析,将１０３份结缕草属种质资源分成三大类,其中Ⅰ 类为极耐盐类型,包括Ｚ５１８５和Ｚ０９３两份材料;Ⅱ类的相对绿叶盖度和相对枝叶修剪干重的平均值均较高（＞７０％）,进一步分为耐盐、中等耐盐２ 类;Ⅲ类相对绿叶盖度和相对枝叶修剪干重的平均值较低,在欧式距离３处将Ⅲ类分为弱耐盐、盐敏感２类。     

露地与温室土壤养分及微生物群落特征比较研究

对辽宁省沈阳地区露地、温室2种种植方式下土壤有机质、全氮、速效养分和微生物区系情况进行了比较研究。结果表明:露地改为温室栽培后土壤有机质、全氮及速效养分累积量均高于露地,其中速效磷、速效钾的增幅最大,与辽宁省保护地土壤肥力分级指标相比,温室土壤速效氮含量较低,有机质含量属中等水平,全氮及速效磷、速效钾含量属高水平;土壤pH值整体下降,且温室使用的时间越长,土壤酸化趋势越明显;2种栽培方式下,土壤微生物都以细菌为主,但从群落结构来看,温室土壤细菌占微生物总数的比列下降,而真菌和放线菌占微生物总数的比例与之相反。     

Primary culture,identification and in vitro angiogenesis of mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells

AIM: To establish a simple and reliable method for primary culture of mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs), and to investigate the ability of angiogenesis of the cells in vitro. METHODS: PMVECs from C57BL/6 new born mice were cultured with peripheral pulmonary tissue pasted method. The cells were observed under inverted phase-contrast microscope and identified by immunocytochemical and immunofluorescent methods. PMVECs were seeded at the density of 20 000 cells per well in 96-well plate on top of growth factor-reduced matrigel and incubated for 24 h at 37 ℃ in 5% CO₂. The plates were examined every 2 h for tube formation under an inverted microscope. RESULTS: The primary PMVECs showed fusiform shape or polygonal, regular cobblestone morphology after fusion to monolayer, and expressed factor Ⅷ -related antigen (ⅧF-Ag). Under fluorescence microscope, those cells demonstrated positive staining for uptaking acetylated low-density lipoprotein (DiI-Ac-LDL) and binding Bandeiraea simpli-cifolia lectin I (FITC-BSI). The purity of PMVECs was above 90%. PMVECs formed capillary-like structures within 4 h to 6 h after plated on matrigel and fully developed a "honeycomb" appearance at 10~12 h, and then the capillary tubes began to break apart. CONCLUSION: The tissue block pasted method for primary cultivation of PMVECs is easy to handle, with high yield and purity, and will further facilitate related studies of well-established tube-formation assay in vitro.     

猕猴桃—苹果复合果丹皮加工工艺研究

为了拓宽猕猴桃产品的开发途径,以猕猴桃、苹果为原料,研制猕猴桃—苹果复合果丹皮,最佳工艺配方为苹果与猕猴桃的质量比为2∶8,每100 g混合果浆里配料的添加量为:蔗糖30 g,柠檬酸4.5 g,果胶0.7 g,植物油0.5 g;最佳工艺条件为:50℃真空浓缩至可溶性固形物含量为50%左右,摊片厚度3~4 mm,50~55℃烘烤14~16 h。     

茶秆竹细胞壁解剖特性以及木质素微区分布

对12个月的茶秆竹进行细胞壁解剖特性和木质素微区分布的研究,运用光学显微镜、激光共聚焦扫描显微镜以及颜色反应鉴定木质素的存在,利用组织化学染色方法及其可见光显微分光光度计半定量测定竹材纤维、薄壁组织和导管细胞壁各微区的木质素含量。12个月时细胞壁全部木质化,木质素在各组织中均有分布,其含量因组织类型及其细胞壁微区不同而有差异。从组织化学染色及可见光吸收光谱图的吸收峰值,说明细胞壁各微区中存在愈创木基(G)和紫丁香基(S)2种木质素组成单元。竹壁径向和纤维帽不同位置的木质素含量未有明显的规律性变化。纤维次生壁具有薄厚层交替的多层结构,薄层木质素含量大于厚层。     

水杨酸诱导山茶抗灰斑病的作用及生理生化响应

采用载玻片萌发法测定水杨酸(SA)对山茶灰斑病菌的影响。浓度为0～5mmol.L-1的SA对山茶灰斑病菌的孢子萌发没有抑制作用,其诱发抗病性可持续10～15天,诱导最佳间隔期为3天。用SA喷雾涂布叶片诱导山茶抗性,植株内丙二醛、木质素、可溶性蛋白含量等生化指标对山茶灰斑病菌诱导信号有不同响应。MDA含量在一定时间范围内减少,膜脂的过氧化程度降低,但随着处理时间的延长,这种诱导抗性的作用逐渐减弱,且在不同浓度处理间存在差异,在诱导并挑战接种的处理中,各处理表现为初期低于对照、后期缓慢上升;诱导并挑战接种的处理中,木质素含量的变化趋势与只诱导处理基本相似,高浓度诱导的木质素积累量大于低浓度;诱导并挑战接种处理的可溶性蛋白含量与只诱导处理也表现出相同的变化规律,诱导并挑战接种处理的可溶性蛋白含量比只诱导的处理和对照高。生化反应与病情指数的相关性分析表明:MDA、木质素含量与病情指数达到显著水平(P<0.05)。     

neo-Clerodane diterpenes from Ajuga decumbens and their inhibitory activities on LPS-induced NO production

A phytochemical investigation of the whole plants of Ajuga decumbens led to the isolation of three new (1, 2a, and 2b) and three known (3a−3c) neo-clerodane diterpenes. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis (IR, ESIMS, HR-ESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR), and the structure of 1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The inhibitory activities on LPS-induced NO production of the six diterpenes were evaluated and compounds 2a, 2b, and 3a showed inhibitory effects.     

A蛋白间接酶联免疫法对杂交竹梢枯病菌蛋白毒素的检测

采用A蛋白双抗夹心法,在包被抗血清前先用A蛋白包被微量测定板,利用A蛋白抗血清中免疫球蛋白的FC部位结合,以F(ab’)2部位吸附抗原毒素,在被吸附的毒素上再加一层相同的抗血清和酶标记的A蛋白,以检测杂交竹梢枯病菌毒素蛋白。结果表明:A蛋白预包被能提高检测效价,降低本底值。抗原浓度对酶联检测有显著影响,纯毒素稀释倍数大于10-6,检测结果与对照接近,不适宜用于检测。OD值随抗原稀释倍数的增加下降,且下降幅度受测定抗血清浓度的影响;当检测液稀释1∶5(1∶50时,测定抗血清浓度在10-4(病株汁液)和10-6(含毒素发酵液)时可测出显著差别。抗血清浓度为10-4下,含毒素发酵液在标记A蛋白浓度为1∶10(1∶640范围内有较好测定结果,而病株汁液在标记A蛋白浓度为1∶10(1∶160才能测出。本研究首次将此技术用于真菌毒素检测中,该方法对杂交竹病株汁液中的致病毒素有高度的特异性和灵敏度,能早期诊断暗孢节菱孢菌引起的杂交竹梢枯病。     

Flammability Ranking of Major Species of Trees and Shrubs in Daxing’anling Area of Northeastern China

Factor analysis and expert scoring methods were used to rank flammability of 16 major species of trees and shrubs in Daxing’anling area of northeastern China,based on 6 flammability variables,i.e.,air dry moisture content,absolute dry moisture content,ignition point,ash content,heat of combustion and extractive content measured on leaves,barks and twigs.Out of 16 species evaluated,for leaves’ flammability,Larix gmelini was the smallest and Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica was the biggest;for barks’ flammability,Salix koreensis was the smallest and P.sylvestris var.mongolica was the biggest;and for twigs’ flammability,Populus davidiana was the smallest and Ledum palustre var.dilatatum was the biggest.The flammability ranking based on the integrated scores of leaves,barks and twigs suggested that Prunus padus,Betula dahurica,and L.gmelini were the top 3 less flammable species and that L.palustre var.dilatatum,P.sylvestris var.mongolica,and R.simsii were the top 3 more flammable species.This ranking agreed well with current standards and experience and should help the species selection for building fire-break forest belts in the study region.     

A multidimensional analysis of marine capture fisheries in China’s coastal provinces

Fisheries Science - China (herein referred as China’s mainland, and excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan) is the largest contributor to global seafood production. While China’s marine...