芋优异种质资源鉴定评价研究

对农业行业标准《农作物种质资源鉴定评价规范芋》编制的技术路线进行了分析研究,以期为芋优异种质资源的鉴定评价提供参考。     

加工番茄光合日变化及影响因子的研究

用Li-6400和同化箱对加工番茄G-2单叶和群体光合日变化进行测定并对输出数据加以研究分析.结果表明:G-2光合日变化曲线呈双峰型并具有"午睡"现象;与日变化显著相关的影响因子有气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率和大气CO2浓度,最主要的影响因子是气孔导度,气孔导度大净光合速率就高,可为田间栽培和高光效育种提供理论依据.     

SIRT1 promotes autophagy of pancreatic cancer cells induced by hypoxia via regulating FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of SIRT1 on the autophagy of pancreatic cancer cells under hypoxia condition, and to analyze the underlying mechanism of regulating FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway. METHODS: Western blot and immunofluorescence methods were used to determine the expression of SIRT1 in the pancreatic cancer cells. The small interfering RNA targeting SIRT1 and SIRT1 over-expression plasmid were transfected into the pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells. Confocal microscopy was used to detect the LC3 expression. Western blot was used to analyze the protein levels of LC3, p62 and FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway-related molecules. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to detected the protein interaction between SIRT1 and FOXO1. RESULTS: The expression level of SIRT1 in the nucleus of Panc-1 cells was increased under hypoxia condition. Compared with negative control under hypoxia condition, knock-down of SIRT1 expression attenuated the autophagy flux in the pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells (P<0.05). Over-expression of SIRT1 increased the protein levels of FOXO1 and RAB7. On the contrary, knock-down of SIRT1 expression inhibited the protein levels of FOXO1 and RAB7. The protein interaction between SIRT1 and FOXO1 in the pancreatic cancer cells was observed. CONCLUSION: SIRT1 in pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells under hypoxia condition is over-expressed in the nucleus. Down-regulation of SIRT1 inhibits autophagy and its mechanism may be related to FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway.     

Effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice

AIM: To study the effects of baicalin on CA46 cell xenografts in nude mice. METHODS: The nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts were treated with drugs via intraperitoneal injection daily, and were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, 15 mg/kg baicalin group, 30 mg/kg baicalin group, 60 mg/kg baicalin group and 4 mg/kg etoposide (VP-16) positive control group. After 12-day treatment, the weight of CA46 cell xenografts stripped from some nude mice in the 5 groups was used to evaluate the effect of baicalin on xenograft growth in the nude mice. The apoptosis, necrosis and pathological changes of the xenograft cells were examined under light microscope and transmission electronic microscope respectively. The expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway-related proteins extracted from xenografts were determined by Western blotting. The other nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in the 5 groups continued to be treated with the drugs until death in order to evaluate the effect of balcalin on survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts. RESULTS: Baicalin remarkably inhibited the growth of CA46 cell xenografts, induced apoptosis and necrosis of xenograft cells, and reduced the protein expression of phospho-Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) in the xenografts after 12-day treatment. Furthermore, baicalin prolonged the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Baicalin inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of CA46 cell xenografts in the nude mice, and prolongs the survival time of the nude mice with CA46 cell xenografts through the mechanism of down-regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathways.     

白莲腐败病病原菌的分离鉴定

莲腐败病是白莲种植区发生最普遍、为害最严重的病害之一。本试验对发病白莲上的病原茵进行分离鉴定。该病原分离物在PSA培养基上气生茵丝由白色渐变成深紫色,并产生大小两种孢子。大型分生孢子镰刀形,无色,稍呈弯曲,两端尖细,大小为（39．1-55．2）μm×（2．8～4．6）p,m,多为3个隔膜,少部分为1-2隔或4~5隔;小型分生孢子椭圆形。无色,无隔膜,大小为（5．0～9．2）μm×（2．0～3．5）μm。致病性测定表明分离物能100％引起白莲出现典型的白莲腐败病的症状。ITSl／ITS4的PCR扩增产物与GenBank中Fusariumoxysporum￡sp．nelumbicola的序列同源性为99％。研究结果表明。分离到的病原物为尖孢镰刀茵莲专化型Foxysporum f.sp．ndumbicola。     

苜蓿冰结构蛋白抗冻活性及功能性研究

以"肇东"紫花苜蓿干草为原料,采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液法提取苜蓿冰结构蛋白,研究了温度、pH值、NaCl及蔗糖浓度不同提取因素对苜蓿冰结构蛋白功能的影响。结果表明:苜蓿冰结构蛋白溶液的冰晶体积小、数量多、形状不规则,具有很好的抗冻活性;对苜蓿冰洁构蛋白的功能性进行测定,随着溶液pH值的增加,其溶解指数、持水性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、起泡性与泡沫稳定性都呈现出逐渐增大的趋势;随着NaCl浓度的增加,其起泡性和泡沫稳定性先增加后降低、乳化性和乳化稳定性呈现下降趋势;随着蔗糖浓度的增加,其蛋白起泡性和泡沫稳定性逐渐增加,而乳化性和乳化稳定性影响不大。     

百力佳叶面肥对宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄生长发育及品质的影响

在宁夏酿酒葡萄集中栽培区宁夏国营玉泉营农场设置了田间试验,研究了百力佳营养型叶面肥对酿酒葡萄生长发育及产量品质的影响.结果表明:百力佳对酿酒葡萄株高、新梢长度及叶绿素含量都有促进作用;在施用化肥的基础上再喷施百力佳能够显著促进酿酒葡萄果穗长,显著降低果实酸碱度和总酸度,显著增加还原糖含量,显著增加葡萄百粒果重,也明显有增加酿酒葡萄产量的趋势.     

4种纯林空气负离子浓度研究

利用负离子仪对上海市松江区中央公园的4种纯林内的空气负离子浓度进行测定,并通过比较分析,得出如下结果：桂花、紫叶李、蚊母树纯林在5月和7月份的空气负离子浓度日变化曲线呈双峰型,石楠呈单峰型;在6月和8月份紫叶李、蚊母树和石楠纯林日变化曲线相似,几乎平行;不同纯林日平均负离子浓度有差异,相关性分析表明,纯林内的空气负离子浓度与温度和相对湿度的几乎无显著相关性,为合理利用负离子资源提供一定依据。     

番茄褪绿病毒病在山东设施西葫芦上的发生及潜在危害

番茄褪绿病毒tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV)是我国蔬菜生产的重要新发病毒,其寄主范围逐年扩大。2019年10月项目组在山东寿光西葫芦温室调查时发现部分叶片呈现黄化、脉间褪绿,类似于ToCV侵染症状,并伴有烟粉虱发生。利用特异性引物检测发现,扩增的目的片段与GenBank中登录的侵染番茄的ToCV基因序列(登录号：KC887998.1)同源性高达99.58%,充分说明西葫芦植株已被ToCV侵染。通过对病毒病发生规律和烟粉虱虫口数量调查发现,西葫芦定植后1个月表现侵染症状的植株为2.0%,定植后2个月达到4.2%,定植后4个月后高达68.2%,病毒发生呈指数增长,而烟粉虱虫口数量却维持较低密度。从济南和德州采集的西葫芦疑似病叶和烟粉虱中也检出ToCV病毒,说明该病毒可能已经在山东省设施西葫芦主要种植区普遍发生,并经烟粉虱广泛传播,需引起高度重视。     

3个玉米自交系对盐胁迫的生理响应及耐盐性评价

以自交系M-2导入系、Hr30导入系和Mo17导入系为试验材料,研究不同浓度NaCl(0、100 mmol·L~(-1)、150 mmol·L~(-1)、200 mmol·L~(-1)、250 mmol·L~(-1))对3个玉米幼苗的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、可溶性蛋白等生理指标的变化规律的影响,并采用主成份分析与隶属函数相结合的方法对其耐盐性进行综合评价,旨在为玉米耐盐性筛选及抗盐新品种的选育奠定基础。结果表明,3个自交系的株高、生物量、叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)以及可溶性蛋白质的含量大体上随着盐浓度的增加而呈下降的趋势;根长、相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和根冠比大体上呈先上升后下降的趋势。利用主成份分析归纳出株高、净光合速率(Pn)、丙二醛(MDA)等9个与耐盐密切相关的生理指标,运用模糊数学隶属函数分析得出,3个玉米自交系的耐盐性强弱依次为M-2导入系Hr30导入系Mo17导入系。