玉米螟赤眼蜂适宜生境的研究与利用:Ⅲ.夏玉米间作匍匐型绿豆对赤眼蜂的增诱作用及其在穗期玉米螟防治中的利用

本文就夏玉米间作匍匐型绿豆对玉米螟赤眼蜂增诱作用及其在穗期玉米螟防治中利用的可行性进行了研究。结果表明，夏玉米间作匍匐型绿豆结合接种式放蜂区，与平作夏玉米结合接种式放蜂区和不放蜂对照区相比，明显提高了玉米螟赤眼蜂对螟卵的寄生率，１９９２年三者人工挂卵的卵块总寄生率分别为２６．７％、３．６％和０；１９９３年分别为２８．０％、６．６％和１．０％，自然落卵的寄生率分别为６９．１％、２２．４％和４．６％。１９９４年用心叶期抗螟品种间作绿豆结合接种式放蜂区，人工挂卵的卵块总寄生率为３０．７％，而平作夏玉米不放蜂对照区仅为２．５％；自然落卵的卵块寄生率前者为５６．２％，后者为１２．３％。心叶期抗螟品种间作匍匐型绿豆结合接种式放蜂区、心叶期抗螟夏玉米平作不放蜂和感螟品种不放蜂对照区的平均百株蛀孔数分别为５４．８、１０２．６和２７７．２个，放蜂区与两个不放蜂对照区相比，对玉米螟的防效分别为４６．６％和８０．２％。试验结果显示采用心叶期玉米抗螟品种间作匍匐型绿豆，并接种释放少量赤眼蜂等综合措施对穗期玉米螟害有明显的控制作用     

棉花调亏灌溉的生理基础研究

以盆栽棉花为材料,通过苗期和现蕾期不同程度的亏水处理(低、中、高三个水平),对调亏灌溉节水效应及生理机制进行了研究。结果表明:适时适度的水分亏缺可使植株旺盛的营养生长得以有效控制,株型和根冠比都更为理想。调亏期间,蒸腾速率和气孔导度都明显下降,而光合速率下降不明显,复水后光合速率和气孔导度明显恢复且接近或高于对照;此外,水分亏缺不仅影响棉桃的数量,而且影响单果重。表明适度的亏水处理可使水分利用效率明显提高,而经济产量接近或高于对照,同时节水20%以上。     

沙尘物质的来源与防治途径

本文分析了沙尘暴形成的自然过程和危害特征,并探讨了内蒙古沙源区土壤颗粒物质的含量,指出沙尘暴的沙尘来源主要是退化草原、活化的沙地和裸露坡耕地等。同时根据风沙流运移规律及其和土壤颗粒的关系,提出了防治沙尘暴的关键技术原理,并探讨了有效控制沙尘暴的技术途径。     

噻二唑基-3-哒嗪酮类化合物的合成及生物活性

将取代的二酰基肼环合后,得到中间体2-芳基-5-氯甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑,然后与2-叔丁基-4-氯-5-羟基-3(2H)-哒嗪酮反应,合成了8个未见文献报道的含噻二唑基哒嗪酮类化合物,其化学结构经1H NMR、高分辩质谱和元素分析确认。生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物对粘虫P.separate W.有较好的抑制生长活性,其中化合物 3b 的EC50值为21 mg/L。     

Proteomic analysis of the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α on endothelial cells

AIM: To investigate the affected proteins by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in endothelial cells, and further explore the potential molecular mechanism of TNF-α on endothelial cells. METHODS: Nitric oxide (NO) production in the cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was measured by a NO assay kit. Proteomic alterations were analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis, and peptide mass fingerprinting with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS: NO production in HUVECs decreased significantly after TNF-α treatement. Proteomics analysis showed 21 protein spots were changed including 9 spots that were increased and 11 spots that were decreased after TNF-α stimulation, and 1 spot was only detected in TNF-α activated cell gels. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased the expression of ecNOS by TNF-α might result in decreased NO production. Up-regulated MAP/ERK kinase 3 expression might imply that TNF-α activates the expression of adhesion molecules. Cytoskeletal protein actin is also involved in TNF-α injuried HUVECs. Proteomic analysis can find some clues for identifying new potential target of TNF-α.     

Changes of Ca2＋ activated potassium channels and cellular-proliferation in autogenous vein grafts

AIM: To investigate changes of Ca^2＋ activated potassium channels (K_Ca) in autogenous vein grafts. METHODS: The contraction of venous ring was measured by means of perfusion in vitro. The intimal proliferation and proliferation of cultured smooth muscle cells (vascular smooth muscle cells, VSMCs) were observed by the means of computerised image analysis and MTT method, respectively. Furthermore, whole cell mode of patch clamp was used to record K_Ca of VSMCs isolated from autogenous vein grafts. RESULTS: 1 week after transplantation there were no significant differences of contraction and intimal relative thickness between autogenous vein grafts and control. Contraction and intimal relative thickness of autogenous vein graft were significantly increased 2 weeks after transplantation (P＜0.05, n=8 vs control), and they were more enhanced 4 weeks after vein transplantation (P＜0.01, n=8 vs control). TEA (blocker of Ca^2＋ activated potassium channels) increased MTT A₄₉₀ value of VSMCs from femoral vein in a dose-dependent manner (P＜0.05, n=8). K_Ca current density was significantly attenuated in VSMCs from autogenous vein grafts 1-4 weeks after transplantation (P＜0.05, n=5). CONCLUSION: K_Ca was inhibited in autogenous vein graft, which accounted for vasospasm and intimal proliferation.     

禽大肠杆菌高密度发酵与溶氧关系的研究

利用GUJS—10C小型发酵罐分批培养禽大肠杆菌，通过平板计数、比浊计数的方法，对大肠杆菌高密度发酵中细菌生长与溶氧的关系进行分析。结果表明：溶氧的规律性变化能够反映大肠杆菌生长的规律，即在细菌生长的适应期细菌数量较少，耗氧量少，溶氧曲线最高；随着发酵时间的增加，细菌不断增多，耗氧量也随之增加，溶氧曲线下降；达到对数生长期，曲线最低；进入稳定期，曲线趋于平稳；到发酵后期，细菌进入衰老期，溶氧曲线略有上升，这时可终止发酵。     

洛南县秦川牛改良山地黄牛调查报告

秦川牛是我国著名地方良种黄牛 ,我县从 2 0世纪 5 0年代开始引进秦川种公牛改良当地黄牛 ,2 0世纪 70年代末推广牛的冷配技术 ,引进秦川种公牛冷冻精液颗粒、细管 ,坚持本交与人工授精相结合。全县累计引进秦川牛 670 0多头 ,改良配种 9.0 1万头 ,产改良牛 6.5 8万头。秦川牛的引进 ,丰富了我县黄牛遗传基因库 ,优化了牛群整体结构 ,改良效果明显 ,社会经济效益显著     

三元杂交牛12和18月龄肉用性能研究

选择健康无病、发育正常、膘情中等的夏洛来×西门塔尔×本地牛(夏西本)、皮埃蒙特×西门塔尔×本地牛(皮西本)、利木赞×西门塔尔×本地牛(利西本)、西门塔尔×西门塔尔×本地牛(西杂二代)各10头,从6月龄开始育肥,测定其增重、饲料消耗及其12和18月龄的屠宰成绩。结果表明:平均日增重以皮西本、利西本较高,分别为0.96kg、0.90kg,并与西杂二代差异显著(P<0.05);饲料消耗以皮西本较少,每kg增重消耗精、粗饲料分别为4.03kg和5.98kg。以皮西本和利西本2个杂交组合的屠宰成绩较好,18月龄屠宰率分别为61.50%、61.17%,净肉率分别为52.59%、49.21%。各组试验牛的高档肉块比例随着年龄的增长相应增加。     

137Cs示踪法在东北松嫩平原土壤侵蚀定量评价中的应用

根据不同退化程度草原和不同开垦年限农田土壤137Cs放射强度分析结果表明:与轻度退化草原相比,中度退化和重度退化中的137Cs放射强度分别下降了21%和52%。草原土壤开垦后,137Cs放射强度明显下降,开垦7年、15年、33年后,137Cs的放射强度分别只有轻度退化草原的37%、31%和26%。相关分析表明,伴随着土壤侵蚀的发生,土壤有机质含量、全N含量以及阳离子交换量下降。137Cs放射强度与土壤有机碳、土壤全N、交换性K和阳离子交换量呈极显著的正相关。