The immunoglobulin light chain locus of the turkey, Meleagris gallopavo

To date, most jawed vertebrate species encode more than one immunoglobulin light (IgL) chain isotypes. It has been shown that several bird species (chickens, white Pekin or domestic duck, and zebra finches) exclusively express lambda isotype. We analyze here the genomic organization of another bird species turkey IgL genes based on the recently released genome data. The turkey IgL locus located on chromosome 17 spans approximately 75.2kb and contains a single functional V(λ) gene, twenty V(λ) pseudogenes, and a single functional J(λ)-C(λ) block. These data suggest that the genomic organization of bird IgL chain genes seems to be conserved. Ten cDNA clones from turkey Igλ chain containing almost full-length V(λ), J(λ) and C(λ) segments were acquired. The comparison of V(λ) cDNA sequences to all the germline V(λ) segments suggests that turkey species may be generating IgL chain diversity by gene conversion and somatic hypermutation like the chicken. This study provides insights into the immunoglobulin light chain genes in another bird species.     

基于地面高光谱数据的油茶炭疽病病情指数反演

使用FieldSpec HandHeldTM地物光谱仪采集不同发病程度的油茶冠层光谱数据,并实地调查油茶炭疽病病情指数,将光谱数据进行一阶微分与滑动平均滤波相结合的预处理,提取与病情指数相关性较高的敏感波段,并采用主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)对敏感波段的光谱数据进行降维,分别以敏感波段和PCA降维处理后的敏感波段作为输入变量建立了病情指数的BP神经网络反演模型.两种建模方法建立的BP神经网络模型计算出的预测值与观测值之间的决定系数(R2)均达99％以上.精度检验证明,以PCA降维所得到的前10个主成分作为输入变量建立的10-7-1三层BP神经网络模型预测精度更高,模型计算出的预测值与观测值之间的决定系数(R2)和均方根误差(RMSE)分别为0.998 6和0.814 8.该研究表明,利用地面高光谱数据结合主成分分析和BP神经网络算法反演油茶炭疽病病情指数是一种有效的方法.     

陕西省苹果树腐烂病菌基因多态性的ISSR分析

为了从分子水平上揭示苹果树腐烂病菌的群体遗传多样性,采用正交设计对ISSR-PCR体系进行了4因素3水平的筛选,并从47条ISSR引物中筛选出11条多态性较好的引物。对供试的87个分离株进行扩增的结果显示,11条引物在129个位点扩增出稳定的条带,其中多态性位点119个,多态性位点率为92.25%。POPGENE分析显示,病菌种群的遗传多样性和基因多态性丰富,群体间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.109,群体内为0.891,群体内多样性大于群体间多样性。两个地理种群间的居群每代迁移数(Nm)为2.046,两者之间存在广泛的基因交流。在遗传相似系数为0.88时,可将21个自然种群划分为9个不同的类群,表明陕西省苹果树腐烂病菌的各个自然种群之间的遗传亲缘关系与其地理来源之间无明显的相关性。     

单蒴盖亚属桉树引种及其生物地理学意义

单蒴盖亚属（Ｍｏｎｏｃａｌｙｐｔｕｓ）是桉树属（ＥｕｃａｌｙｐｔｕｓＬ’Ｈｅｒｉｔｉｅｒ）中第２大的亚属，包括１３４种和９亚种。单蒴盖亚属桉树引种具有很重要的生物地理学意义。１９９０年在云南一平浪林场建立的树种试验，包括王桉（Ｅ．ｒｅｇｎａｎｓ）、斜叶桉（Ｅ．ｏｂｌｉｑｕａ）、大桉（Ｅ．ｄｅｌｅｇａｔｅｎｓｉｓ）、滨河白桉（Ｅ．ｅｌａｔａ）、白腊树桉（Ｅ．ｆｒａｘｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ）、雪桉（Ｅ．ｐａｕｃｉｆｌｏｒａ）、三花桉（Ｅ．ｔｒｉｆｌｏｒａ）、高桉（Ｅ．ｆａｓｔｉｇａｔａ）、布达王桉（Ｅ．ｄｅｎｄｒｏｍｏｒｐｈａ）和缪勒纤皮桉（Ｅ．ｍｕｅｌｅｒａｎａ）。生长量超过同期种植的蓝桉（Ｅ．ｇｌｏｂｕｌｕｓ）。试验规模不大，但具有重要的生态植物地理指示意义。除气候条件比较适宜外，还可能因为试验地前作为云南松，土壤微生物群落比较丰富，尤其是彩色豆马勃（Ｐｉｓｏｌｉｔｈｕｓ）。     

甲胺磷,杀草丹乳油,敌草胺,复方胶悬剂对罗氏沼虾的毒性作用

本试验探讨了甲胺磷、杀草丹乳油、敌草胺，复方胶悬剂四种常用农药对罗氏沼虾幼虾的急性毒性作用以及甲胺磷对幼虾的亚急性毒性作用，给出了四种农药对罗氏沼虾幼虾２４ｈ、４８ｈ、７２ｈ、９６ｈ的半致死浓度和安全浓度认为四种农药对幼虾的毒性由强至弱依次为：甲胺磷〉杀草丹乳油〉敌草胺〉复方胶县剂。幼虾在各浓度甲胺磷试液中经过１５天的亚急性中毒试验，体长，体重的增长以及蜕皮次数均小于对照组，且随甲胺磷浓度的增加而     

海南岛棉虫问题的分析和综合防治意见

本文是记述海南岛55种棉虫的发生、分布与为害情况。按照该岛的自然条件划分为琼山、东方与崖县三个植棉生态区,并介绍其自然情况及主要棉虫发生情况。对气候、栽培措施、棉虫的寄主植物、棉虫的自然天敌、化学药剂诸因素与棉虫种群变动的关系进行了讨论。并根据各植棉生态区的棉虫发生情况,提出了综合防治意见。     

High resistance to rice yellow mottle virus in two cultivated rice cultivars is correlated with failure of cell to cell movement

Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) accumulation in protoplasts and whole plants was investigated in two highly resistant cultivars, Tog5681 (Oryza glaberrima) and Gigante (Oryza sativa). Three susceptible cultivars, i.e. one O. glaberrima Tog5673 and two O. sativa (IR64, Ac. 2428), and a partially resistant cultivar (Azucena) were used as control. After inoculation, accumulation of coat protein (CP) and viral RNA were monitored on protoplasts, inoculated leaves, sheaths of inoculated leaves and newly infected leaves by serological and Northern blot analysis. Viral RNA accumulated to a similar extent in protoplasts from all cultivars studied. In contrast, three distinct in planta behaviors were noted. In susceptible plants (IR64, Tog5673 and Ac. 2428), there was high CP and RNA accumulation at 5 d.p.i. in whole plants, suggesting that cell to cell and vascular movements occurred before 5 d.p.i. in inoculated leaves. The second behavior concerned Azucena, which showed a delay (around 7 d.p.i.) of viral accumulation in inoculated leaves. The third behavior involved the highly resistant cultivars Tog5681 and Gigante. CP and viral RNA were not detected in these cultivars. The comparison of viral accumulation in protoplasts and plants suggested that resistance of the highly resistant cultivars Tog5681 (O. glaberrima) and Gigante (O. sativa) was not due to the inhibition of virus replication but rather to the failure of cell to cell movement.     

拟南芥类锌指基因AT3G02790/AT5G16470纯合双突变的筛选及其表型分析

以拟南芥T-DNA插入突变体AT3G02790和AT5G16470为亲本,通过人工杂交技术获得杂合体后,结合基因分离定律和PCR技术筛选出拟南芥纯合双突变株,并对拟南芥纯合突变体的表型进行了初步分析,结果显示:突变体与野生型植株表型无明显差异,推测该基因为功能未知的新基因。     

小麦与多枝赖草属间杂种后代纯系的获得及其遗传学研究

以小麦与多枝赖草属间杂草为试材，通过花药培养，获得纯合后代。再经过细胞学观察、田间选拔、抗性鉴定、品质分析，综合农艺性状调查以及小区产量对比试验，从中初步筛选鉴定出一批耐盐、抗旱、抗病的小麦新种质。     

山东省观赏桃花品种资源的初步调查

通过４年的调查研究，共记载山东省观赏桃花品种４２个，分属于２系５类１４型，其中１４个品种为新记载。还编制了各品种的分类检索表，以便于野外识别。