小麦秸秆生物炭对石油烃污染土壤的修复作用

以小麦秸秆为原材料,在300℃下缺氧裂解3、6、8 h制备生物炭,比较了3种生物炭的产率、pH值、灰分以及C、H、N元素含量,表征了300℃、6 h生物炭的表面形态,并用其作为修复材料,对大港油田的石油污染土壤进行修复。结果表明,随裂解时间的延长,生物炭产率下降,pH值升高,灰分含量增加,H/C值下降,但产率、pH值、灰分和H/C值都是从3 h到6 h差异显著,6 h到8 h差异不显著。C元素含量先升高后下降。石油污染土壤经生物炭修复14 d和28d后,总石油烃降解率分别为45.48%和46.88%,均显著高于对照组。修复14 d后土壤中的萘、苊、苯并[a]蒽、屈、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘也都有不同程度的下降,其中苯并[a]芘含量下降幅度达98.18%,其他几种PAH的降解率也都高于对照组,28 d后这些PAH的含量又有上升趋势。这说明小麦秸秆裂解时间对生物炭的性质有影响;300℃、6h生物炭可以用来修复石油污染的土壤。     

动物学野外实习教学改革与实践

随着高校竞争的加强,长江师范学院定位于由过去教学科研型转向教学应用型大学,传统的动物学野外实习模式已经不能适应新形势下的教学要求,为了取得令人满意的野外实习效果,基于作者自身的教学实践,对长江师范学院动物学野外实习地点、教学方式、教学内容以及考核方式的改革进行了探讨,以期为其他高校的动物学野外实习教学提供借鉴和参考。     

中国梦视阈下农民生态价值观的构建

“中国梦”是国家的梦、民族的梦,也是每一个中国人的梦.“中国梦”的提出,对于当前农民生态价值观的构建提出了全新的要求,用“中国梦”引领新时期农民价值观的取向,构建科学的生态价值观,对于我国社会主义现代化建设具有重要意义.在分析当前农民生态价值观现状的基础上,该文从“中国梦”视角探析“中国梦”与农民生态价值观构建之间的关系,阐释农民生态价值观构建的基本途径.     

The effects of compost in a rice–wheat cropping system on aggregate size,carbon and nitrogen content of the size–density fraction and chemical composition of soil organic matter,as shown by 13C CP NMR spectroscopy

We investigated whether the long‐term application of compost from agricultural waste improved soil physical structure, fertility and soil organic matter (SOM) storage. In 2006, we began a long‐term field experiment based on a rice–wheat rotation cropping system, having a control without fertilizer (NF) and three treatments: chemical fertilizers (CF), pig manure compost (PMC) and a prilled mixture of PMC and inorganic fertilizers (OICF). Following the harvest of wheat in 2010, the mean‐weight diameter (MWD) of water‐stable aggregates and the concentration of C and N in bulk soil (0–20 cm; <2 mm fraction) were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in PMC and NF plots than in CF or OICF plots. Pig manure compost significantly increased the proportion of >5‐mm aggregates, whereas CF significantly increased the proportion of 0.45‐ to 1‐mm aggregates. The C and N contents of all density fractions were greater in PMC than in other treatments with levels decreasing in the following order: free particulate organic matter (fPOM) >occluded particulate organic matter (oPOM) > mineral‐combined SOM (mineral–SOM). Solid‐state ¹³C CPMAS NMR spectra showed that alkyl C/O‐alkyl C ratios and aromatic component levels of SOM were smaller in PMC and OICF plots than in CF plots, suggesting that SOM in PMC and OICF plots was less degraded than that in CF plots. Nevertheless, yields of wheat in PMC and NF plots were smaller than those in CF and OICF plots, indicating that conditions for producing large grain yields did not maintain soil fertility.     

集安市杜仲引种实验研究

杜仲为中国特产,全世界仅在中国有1属1种,是名贵中药材。集安市从1996年开始进行引种栽培实验研究,通过12 a的研究观察和对树干解析分析,认为杜仲引种到集安市,长势良好,各项指标达标。     

An Empirical Analysis on the Correlation between China''s Stock Market and Economic Growth

The correlation between China stock market and economic growth is always regarded by economic and financial studies. For the time limit of the developing of stock market and the difficulty of data's collection, it is still in studying that the correlation between stock market and economic growth, especially the causation versus regression. By the method of Demirguc - Kunt and Levine,this paper empirically tests the correlation between China's stock market and economic growth on the seasons serial data from 1995 to 2000. The conclusion is that the relationship economic growth between stock market is unilateral.     

紫穗槐在公路边坡绿化中的栽培技术

紫穗槐生长快、繁殖力强,适应性广,耐盐碱、耐水湿和耐瘠薄,根系发达,是优良的生物护坡地被植物。本文讲述了紫穗槐公路绿化中的应用方法,介绍了该树种育苗、管理等方面的技术要点。     

金融生态主体博弈行为理论研究与政策建议

通过对金融生态主体：政府、金融缉织、非及金融组织的行为倾向进行分析，在心里学与利益制衡范畴解释其行为动机，和这一动态演进过程造成的结果。然后，模拟金融生态主体博弈过程，借助其在社会范围之内的相互联系、相互影响、共同作用，反过来影响和形成了短期社会规则，并影响金融生态的长期构建。     

Study of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell for Portable Application

A technique of fabrication of air electrode for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) is proposed. The investigated air electrode is free of Teflon- containing and with ultra- thin catalyst layer. Catalysts PtRu/C for methanol electroxidation is electrochemically deposited on a Nafion- bonded carbon electrode. A concept, that is, methanol is oxidized at a relatively high potential, is proposed. Such a fabricated DMFC is characterized with a high utilization of noble metals and basically eliminating CO poisoning in operation.