梨新品种--华酥

‘华酥’为‘早酥’ב八云’种间杂交育成的早熟优质高产抗病梨新品种。果实成熟比早酥早 10～ 15d。果实圆形 ,单果质量 2 0 0～ 2 50g ,果皮黄绿色 ,果肉质细 ,酥脆多汁 ,酸甜适口 ,风味浓并具芳香 ,品质佳。早果高产 ,7年生树产量为 4 2 .5t/hm2 。高抗黑星病。     

Effects of berberine on IL-1 or tumour necrosis factor induced polymorphonuclear leucocyte－endothelium adhesion

AIM:To investigate the effect of berberine on IL-1 or tumour necrosis factor (TNF) induced polymorphonuclear leucocyte(PMN)-endothelium adhesion and adhesion molecules.METHODS:Based on the model of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), this study adopted Rose Bengal Stain, cell ELISA, immunocyto-chemical techniques to investigate the effect of berberine on PMN-endothelium adhesion and the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).RESULTS:Berberine inhibited IL-1, TNF-induced HUVEC adhesion for PMN when pretreated HUVEC and antagonised IL-1, TNF-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 on HUVEC. Meanwhile, TNF-stimulated PMN adhesion for HUVEC and CD18 upexpression on PMN was diminished in the presence of berberine.CONCLUSION: Inhibite PMN-endothelium adhesion by downregulating the CAMs expression to inhibite PMN migration across endothelium is one of the mechanisms of antiinflammation of berberine.     

Relationship between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease

AIM: To evaluate the association between apolipoprotein E(apoE) gene polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD: A case-control study was undertaken detecting the polymorphism of apoE by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).RESULTS:(1)The frequencies of 3/4 genotype and 4 al ele in AD were significant ly higher than that in age-matched controls(P<0.05).(2)The frequency of G/G genotype for apoE IE1 in AD was significantly higher than that in age-mat ched control(P<0.05).(3)The apoE 4 al ele was associated with a tripling of the risk for AD compared with no 4 allele(odd ratio 2.932, 95%CI 1.379~6.226);Homozygosity of the G allele in IE1 was associated with adoubling of the risk for AD compared with the G/C and C/C genotypes(odd rat io 2.223, 95%CI 1.075~4.599).However, the IE1 G al ele is also closely associated with apoE 4.When the sample was split on the basis of apo Egenotype, the associat ion between IE1 G/G genotype and AD was no longer statistically significant.CONCLUSION: ApoE ε4 was a risk factor of AD, and the apparent association between IE1 G/G and AD is a consequence of the association between the ε4 and IE1 G/G genotype.     

Effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory response on kidney injury in mice with hyperthyroidism

AIM To explore the effects of oxidative stress and inflammatory response on kidney injury induced by hyperthyroidism in mice. METHODS Forty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group （n=20） and L-thyroxine （T4） group （n=20）. The mice in T4 group were intraperitoneally injected with T4 diluent at a dose of 1 mg/kg to induce hyperthyroidism, and those in control group were injected with normal saline of the same volume. After 7 weeks, the mice were weighed and dissected, the kidneys were removed and weighed, and the length of tibia was also measured. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the kidney tissues were detected. The pathological changes of the kidney tissues were observed by HE staining. The levels of 4-hydroxynonenal （4-HNE）-modified proteins, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 （IRAK1） and tumor necrosis factor receptor-related factor 6 （TRAF6） were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared with control group, the body weight of the mice was decreased, while the kidney size and weight were increased significantly in T4 group. In addition, the ratios of kidney weight/body weight and kidney weight/tibia length were also increased （P<0.05）. In T4 group, the renal tubules were enlarged, and the epithelial cells of renal tubules were swollen and exfoliated, with vacuolar degeneration. Furthermore, reduced SOD activity, and increased MDA content and 4-HNE-modified proteins were found in T4 group, all of which were related to oxidative stress （P<0.05）. The levels of inflammation-related proteins IRAK1 and TRAF6 were significantly increased in T4 group （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Excessive T4 may lead to kidney hypertrophy and injury in mice, and the mechanism may be related to oxidative stress and inflammatory response.     

基于代谢组学技术的无机砷对三疣梭子蟹鳃组织的毒性作用机制研究

通过非靶向代谢组学方法对比分析暴露于0.3 mg/L三价砷(As3+)、0.3 mg/L五价砷(As5+)环境中96 h的雌性成体三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)代谢物组成及含量的变化,探究As3+、As5+对三疣梭子蟹鳃组织毒性相关分子机制.结果 发现,经0.3 mg/L As3+暴露共...     

超级杂交稻国稻1号农艺性状研究

对超级杂交稻国稻1号和杂交稻汕优63的株型特征以及农艺性状进行了比较分析,结果表明:国稻1号的单产之所以显著高于汕优63的,主要因为前者分蘖多且分蘖快,单位面积有效穗数和每穗总粒数多,而且结实率高。     

中国农业装备产业发展战略研究

该文深入分析了中国农业装备产业发展现状与态势、发展中存在的问题与制约因素,提出振兴中国农业装备产业要实施自主创新战略、现代制造技术改造提升战略、组织结构优化战略、品牌培育战略以及市场拓展战略5大具体战略,以实现2010年农业装备制造业工业总产值翻一番,装备技术自主创新能力显著增强;2020年农业装备工业总值将在2010年基础上再提高50％,步入世界农业装备制造强国行列的阶段战略目标。探讨了中国农业装备科技创新体系建设的重点在于强化国家农业装备工程技术研究中心建设、打造大型农业装备制造企业、推进中小企业间合作创新,以增强共性技术研发能力、逐步培育农业装备产业创新主体和构建农业装备技术集成与推广服务平台。最后提出了完善农业装备科技创新机制的政策建议,重点在于建立新型农业装备科技创新运行机制,整合创新资源引导建立产学研合作创新的长效激励机制,建立多元化农业装备创新资金投入机制。     

Zn超富集植物长柔毛委陵菜对Cd的耐性与富集特征

通过野外调查和营养液培养,证明Zn超富集植物长柔毛委陵菜(Potentilla griffithii var.velutina)无论在自然条件下还是营养液培养条件下,都对Cd具有很强的耐性和富集能力,是一种潜在的重金属Cd超富集植物。自然条件下生长于铅锌矿区的长柔毛委陵菜,其根系土壤Cd总量为101～1331mg·kg-1,平均320mg·kg-1;植物Cd含量叶片为39～765mg·kg-1,平均178mg·kg-1,叶柄为64～1422mg·kg-1,平均280mg·kg-1;Cd转运系数为0.64～1.18,平均值0.84;生物富集系数为0.22～1.68,平均0.80。营养液培养条件下,长柔毛委陵菜在Cd浓度≤20mg·L-1的介质中能够正常生长;植物叶片、叶柄及根部Cd含量随介质中Cd浓度的增大而增大,叶和柄中Cd含量在60mg·L-1的Cd处理时都达到最大,分别为1604和6145mg·kg-1;不同组织的Cd含量顺序为根>柄>叶;体内累积的Cd有60%以上储存在地上部。营养液培养的Cd转运系数小于自然状况。     

大学办学特色的形成与图书馆的作用

论述了大学办学特色的内涵与形成,分析了我国大学办学特色的现状,探讨了图书馆在大学办学特色形成中的作用。     

《图书情报工作》办刊理念探讨

基于相关统计资料,探讨了《图书情报工作》在功能定位、栏目设置、作者队伍、编辑质量、学术影响以及社会效益和经济效益等方面的办刊理念,并就该刊今后的发展方向提出了建议。