Isolation and Identification of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae from Abattoirs in Shanghai Area

In order to comprehend the status of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae carried in swinery in Shanghai area, samples of pigs were collected from some standard abattoirs in Shanghai area, including nasal swab, lung, tonsil and mandibular lymph nodes. Strains were isolated from these samples for detecting the Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. Several kinds of methods were used, such as VITEK 2 Compact system and VITEK MS system. A pair of primers was designed to amplify the 16S rRNA gene. 16 PCR products selected randomly were sequenced and 16S rRNA homology analysis was conducted. As a result, strains were isolated from 49.07% (105/214) samples and were identified as Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.16S rRNA homology in strains of isolation and reference were 99.6% to 100.0%. The result indicated that the situation was very severe for so many carriers of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in health group in nursery.     

Effect of Fermented Corn Stalks on Growth Performance and the Growth Promotion Mechanism in Otter Rabbit

This experiment was conducted to research the growth promoting effects of fermented corn stalks with compound bacteria on otter rabbit. The daily feed of otter rabbit was based on fermented corn stalks (roughage ration composed mostly of fermented corn stalks). The growth performance, intestinal tract bacteria and the digestive enzyme activities of otter rabbit were studied. A total of 150 health otter rabbits, 9 weeks old, weighted about (1.90±0.14) kg, were allotted to 2 groups (control group and experimental group) for 10 days preliminary trial period and 30 days trial period. The results were as follows:Compared with control group, the average daily gain (ADG) increased by 14.60% (P<0.05) and F/G decreased by 10.50% (P<0.05) of the experimental group; In intestinal tract of otter rabbit, the number of E.coli were reduced by 46.13% (P<0.01), the number of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria and Bacillus increased by 30.64% (P<0.05), 29.27% (P>0.05) and 39.23% (P<0.01),respectively; The activities of protease, amylase, cellulose enzyme and glucanase were increased by 23.20%(P<0.05), 32.96% (P<0.05), 12.63% (P<0.01) and 21.09% (P<0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the fermented corn stalks could promote the growth and improve the intestinal tract ecological environment of the otter rabbit. The results established the theoretical foundation for fermented corn stalks feeding on otter rabbit.     

Effects of Energy,Protein and Amino Acids Levels on the Development of Mammary Gland and the Growth of Fetus in Sows at Late Gestation

Late gestation is an important period for rapid development of the sow's mammary gland and fetus. It is becoming more and more important to provide a suitable nutrient level in late gestation period for improve the reproductive efficiency of sow. Demand of energy, protein and amino acids for mammary gland and fetus in sows at late gestation are different. To provide reasonable nutrition for fetus, at the same time for the needs of mammary gland are still seldom reported. In this paper, the effects of dietary energy, protein and amino acids levels on the development of mammary gland and the growth of fetus were reviewed,the authors propose the requirement of energy, protein amino acid and reasonable proportion in sows at late gestation, in order to give some guidance for pig farmers.     

发酵玉米秸秆对獭兔生长性能的影响及其促生长机理的研究

试验旨在研究经复合菌剂发酵后的玉米秸秆粗饲料对獭兔的促生长效果。用以发酵玉米秸秆为主要粗饲料配制的日粮饲喂獭兔,从试兔生长性能、肠道菌群结构、消化酶活力的变化来揭示发酵玉米秸秆对獭兔生长的影响。选择体况良好,9周龄、体重（1.90±0.14） kg獭兔150只,将其分为对照组（饲喂常规基础日粮）和试验组（发酵玉米秸秆为主要粗饲料的日粮）,预试期10 d,正试期30 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组獭兔平均日增重（ADG）提高了14.60%（P<0.05）,料重比（F/G）降低了10.50%（P<0.05）;盲肠内容物中大肠杆菌数量降低了46.13%（P<0.01）,乳酸菌、双歧杆菌、芽孢杆菌数量分别提高了30.64%（P<0.05）、29.27%（P>0.05）和39.23%（P<0.01）;盲肠中蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶、葡聚糖酶活力较对照组分别提高了23.20%（P<0.05）、32.96%（P<0.05）和12.63%（P<0.01）、21.09%（P<0.05）。综合以上结果,发酵玉米秸秆可促进獭兔生长,改善肠道微生态环境。试验结果可为发酵玉米秸秆在獭兔中的应用提供理论基础。     

技术与品牌引领鸭产业可持续发展——记2010中国鸭业发展峰会

2010年5月15日,五月的京城,初夏的阳光明媚,绿意四溢,生机盎然.中国畜牧业协会领导与来自全国各地的鸭产业界企业家、专家、学者、媒体人士汇聚一堂,共同探讨中国鸭产业的可持续发展之路.     

玉米局部精作穴播技术及其产量效应

试验提出玉米局部精作穴播的新型栽培技术,并对该技术条件下的产量效应进行了研究。结果表明:与常规的宽窄行模式相比,局部精作穴播土壤扰动减少89%,实现了土壤的局部精作和轮休;同等密度条件下,高地力水平条件(常规模式下经济产量大于11005kg/hm2)更有利于产量潜力的挖掘,通过增加穗粒数和穗重实现增产,试验中春玉米(登海601)经济产量可提高18.7%。同时指出,叶面积指数是该技术条件下增产的关键环节。     

Plant Type and Its Effects on Canopy Structure at Heading Stage in Various Ecological Areas for a Two-line Hybrid Rice Combination, Liangyoupeijiu

A two-line hybrid rice combination, Liangyoupeijiu, was used to estimate several factors of plant type, and environmental models for these factors at the heading stage were established using the data of eight ecological experimental sites in 2006 and 2007. According to climatic data from 1951 to 2005, the differences in those factors and their effects on plant canopy were analyzed for four rice cropping areas in China, including South China, the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Sichuan Basin, and river valley in Yunnan, China. The thickness of leaf layer (the distance from pulvinus of the third leaf from the top to the tip of flag leaf) and distribution of leaf area could be used as candidate indices for the plant type of a rice canopy.     

杨树花的饲用及药用价值

杨树花为杨柳科植物毛白杨(Populus tomentosa Carr.)、加拿大杨(Populus canadensis Moench.)或同树种植物的干燥雄花序。中国杨树种植面积大,杨树花产量较高。杨树花中含有丰富的氨基酸、无机元素、蜜糖可以弥补部分饲料中氨基酸和无机元素的缺乏;通过乙醇回流从杨树花中提取的活性化合物具有良好的抗菌活性,并能够增强机体的抗氧化能力;杨树花可替代部分日粮,降低禽畜发病率,提高经济效益;其制剂对家畜肠道疾病具有良好防治效果。     

地表覆盖对黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区人工草地水分利用的影响

以陕西省神木县六道沟小流域为研究区域,对不同覆盖处理下的紫花苜蓿人工草地土壤温度和土壤水分以及苜蓿的水分利用效率进行研究,探讨了黄土高原北部紫花苜蓿人工草地的水分消耗过程。结果表明,地表覆盖可以显著降低土壤0-6cm表层温度;同时覆盖可以增加浅层土壤水分含量,不同覆盖方式下土壤深层水分含量没有明显差异;覆盖处理下的苜蓿产量及水分利用效率均高于对照处理,说明苜蓿株间覆盖可以提高苜蓿产量以及苜蓿的水分利用效率,覆盖可以作为该区牧草地提高生产力的有效方法。     

鹿茸粉及鹿茸醇提物对小鼠药物性肝损伤的作用

扑热息痛(APAP)是应用广泛的解热镇痛药物,正常治疗剂量非常安全,但如果长期低剂量或1次性过量使用可造成严重的肝损害,其肝毒性主要与毒性代谢产物N-乙酰-P-苯醌亚胺的堆积有关[1].