禁食对生长期北京鸭腺胃ghrelin免疫阳性细胞的影响

本研究旨在观察禁食是否对生长期北京鸭腺胃ghrelin免疫阳性细胞生成有影响。用免疫组织化学的方法检测25、35、50日龄的北京鸭(已经禁食72 h)单位面积(mm2)腺胃组织中ghrelin阳性细胞数目。研究发现在这3个时期,不管是禁食组还是自由采食组,大量ghrelin阳性细胞多分布于腺胃深层复管状腺中;禁食组腺胃中gh-relin阳性细胞数目比自由采食组极显著增加(P0.01)。结果提示:禁食是影响腺胃产生有活性ghrelin的重要因素。     

仔猪水肿病蜂胶佐剂多价灭活苗的研制Ⅰ.疫苗制备工艺

针对仔猪水肿病发病迅速,病死率很高且很难用抗菌药物控制的特点,旨在研制一种预防该病的新型高效疫苗。采用仔猪水肿病多发病型菌株O138,O139,O141以及湖北地方病型菌株作为制苗用菌种,优化其培养条件,采用蜂胶作为制备疫苗的佐剂,对研制的疫苗进行检验。结果表明菌种在优化培养基上生长旺盛,疫苗安检小鼠及仔猪全部健活,效力检验免疫组保护率达到100％。结果表明该疫苗制备工艺切实可行,疫苗安全性好,保护力强,值得进一步研究。     

Effect of dietary supplementation of fish oil for lactating sows and weaned piglets on piglet Th polarization

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of dietary fish oil supplementation on piglet T helper cells (Th) polarization in relation to its impact on piglet serum interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) concentrations and splenic expression of Th1/Th2 characteristic genes. The diets of 18 gestating sows were supplemented with 7% lard (C) (n = 10) or 7% fish oil (T) (n = 8) from 10 d before parturition to weaning. At weaning, a split plot experiment was designed, 56 piglets, 28 each from sows fed with fish oil diet or lard diet, were divided into four groups of 7 replicates (one female and one castrated male per replicate) based on both sow diet during lactation and post-weaning piglet diet (C had 7% lard and T had 7% fish oil): CC, CT, TC, TT, and were fed the 7% fish oil or lard diet from day 35 to day 70. Serum concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-10, and Th1/Th2 related genes expression levels in spleen were measured and analyzed. The results showed that piglets fed with fish oil diet during post-weaning tended to have higher serum IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio (P = 0.09) than lard diet fed piglets. Lactation fish oil feeding increased splenic IL-12b, IL-12 receptor β2 (IL-12Rβ2), IL-2 and IFN-γ genes expression (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and post-weaning fish oil feeding increased splenic IL-12b (P = 0.06), IL-2 (P < 0.01) and IFN-γ (P = 0.08) mRNA expression than that in lard diet fed piglets at the end of this experiment. On the other hand, IL-4 gene expression (P = 0.01) in spleen was lower in weaned piglet from fish oil diet fed sows than that from lard diet fed sows. However, post-weaning piglets fed fish oil diet had higher splenic IL-4 (P = 0.06), IL-6 (P < 0.01) and IL-10 (P = 0.05) mRNA abundances than that fed with lard diet. These results indicated that dietary fish oil during lactation could increase Th1 polarization and accelerate immune maturation; while 7% fish oil in weaned piglets' diet was likely to increase Th2 cytokines expression.     

猪圆环病毒2型云南株分离鉴定及ORF2序列分析

本研究根据GenBank中已经发表的猪圆环病毒2型基因序列,设计了2对PCV2特异性引物,从疑似断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome,PMWS)感染病例中检测出3株云南省PCV2流行株,通过ve-ro细胞分离病毒,并用透射电子显微镜观察到了约17nm的病毒样粒子的存在。经同源性比较分析,3个分离株之间核苷酸同源性为99.5%～99.8%,与甘肃省PCV2分离株核苷酸同源性最低(90.7%),浙江省分离株核苷酸同源性最高(99.7%),与南美洲分离株核苷酸同源性最低(92.0%),瑞典分离株核苷酸同源性最高(99.4%),这可能与云南省猪种引进有关。     

Deficits of learning and memory in Hemojuvelin knockout mice

Iron is involved in various physiological processes of the human body to maintain normalfunctions. Abnormal iron accumulation in brain has been reported as a pathogenesis ofseveral neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive impairments. Hemojuvelin (HVJ) is amembrane-bound and soluble protein in mammals that is responsible for the iron overloadcondition known as juvenile hemochromatosis. Although iron accumulation in brain has beenrelated to neurodegenerative diseases, it remains unknown the effect of mutation of HVJgene on cognitive performance. In our studies, HJV(−/−) mice showed deficits in novelobject recognition and Morris water maze tests. Furthermore, the expression ration ofapoptotic marker Bax and anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 in the hippocampus and prefrontalcortex showed higher levels in HJV(−/−) mice. Our results suggested that deletion of HJVgene could increase apoptosis in brain which might contribute to learning and memorydeficits in mutant mice. These results indicated that HJV(−/−) mice would be a usefulmodel to study cognitive impairment induced by iron overload in brain.     

黑曲霉发酵酱油渣的研究

试验研究了黑曲霉的耐盐能力,试验结果表明:NaCl浓度在0-120 g/l以内,黑曲霉生长速率随NaCl浓度的增加先增加后减小,当NaCl浓度为40 g/l时黑曲霉生长速率达到最大值,为2.08 cm/d;并且以酱油渣为试验材料,研究了黑曲霉对酱油渣中粗纤维成分的降解能力,试验结果表明,黑曲霉能高效降解酱渣中半纤维素,30 d降解率达到了84.28%;同时对纤维素和木质素也有一定程度降解,30 d时降解率分别为23.86%和9.43%。本研究结果为酱油渣的饲料化利用提供了必要的数据支持。     

不同形态及不同粗纤维水平日粮对1～50日龄鸵鸟生长性能的影响

比较不同形态及不同粗纤维水平日粮对1～50日龄鸵鸟生产性能的影响,为鸵鸟雏鸟的全价颗粒饲粮配制提供试验论证及合理的粗纤维水平数据。选取1日龄健康的鸵鸟160只,随机分为4个处理(1个对照组,3个试验组),每处理4个重复,每重复10只雏鸟,对照组日粮形态为精料(粗纤维为5%)+苜蓿青草,3个试验组的日粮形态为全价颗粒饲料(其粗纤维水平分别为4%、5%、6%)。饲喂精料+苜蓿青草形态日粮的雏鸟体增重和饲料效率显著高于饲喂全价颗粒饲料的各处理(P0.05),并且没有雏鸟死亡;3个不同粗纤维水平的颗粒料的采食量和体增重的差异都不显著(P0.05),其中粗纤维水平为5%的颗粒饲料饲喂的效果相对较好,但该组的死亡率最高,为15.0%。以精料+苜蓿青草形态的日粮饲喂1～50日龄鸵鸟的效果好于饲喂全价颗粒饲料的效果;全价颗粒饲料粗纤维水平过低会引起鸵鸟雏鸟的粪干便秘并造成死亡,本试验表明,1～50日龄鸵鸟饲料中的粗纤维水平不宜低于6%。     

发酵床连续养殖对白羽肉鸡病毒感染状态影响的分析

发酵床连续养殖是环保,节能的养殖技术,但它是否对疫病控制有不良影响,则是需关注的另一方向。采集同一地区不同养殖方式的白羽肉鸡样品,采用斑点杂交技术和抗体检测技术检测,试验结果表明,两种养殖方式在马立克氏病病毒(MDV)、网状内皮细胞增生病病毒(REV)检测结果上没有差别;在禽贫血病病毒(CAV)检测上抗体差异明显:发酵床养殖阳性率为28%,普通网上养殖阳性率为86%;NDV HI抗体滴度差异极显著(P<0.01)。综合评价发酵床连续养殖可有效控制疫病的感染。     

依普黄酮对笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症骨组织病理变化的影响

本试验选用200只24周龄健康海蓝褐蛋鸡,随机分为4组:对照组(基础日粮中含钙3.55%)、低钙组(日粮含钙1.27%)、试验Ⅰ组(8mg依普黄酮/kg低钙日粮)和试验Ⅱ组(20mg依普黄酮/kg低钙日粮),观察依普黄酮对笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症骨组织病理变化的影响。结果显示,与低钙组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组骨髓腔面积分别显著下降7.81%(P0.05)和10.26%(P0.05),骨皮质平均厚度分别显著升高23.78(P0.05)和27.60(P0.05),并且骨小梁增厚、变密,骨陷窝变浅,成骨细胞增多,破骨细胞减少。结果表明,低钙日粮中添加依普黄酮能显著改善蛋鸡骨质疏松症的临床症状,与其促进成骨细胞生成,抑制破骨细胞活性,使其骨量增加,骨结构得到改善密切相关。