Incidence of prolonged prothrombin time in dogs following gastrointestinal decontamination for acute anticoagulant rodenticide ingestion

Objective: To determine the effect of gastrointestinal (GI) decontamination on the incidence of prolonged prothrombin time (PT) in dogs after anticoagulant rodenticide ingestion. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Urban emergency room. Animals: One hundred and fifty‐one client‐owned dogs. Measurements: Dogs presented to the emergency room within 6 hours of ingestion of an anticoagulant rodenticide and had a PT measured within 2–6 days of toxicant ingestion before initiating vitamin K therapy were included. Dogs were categorized as treated or untreated based on the institution of vitamin K therapy following PT testing. The signalment, body weight, type of rodenticide ingested, time elapsed between ingestion and initial presentation, method(s) of GI decontamination, and the times elapsed between both toxicant ingestion and initial hospital presentation until determination of PT were recorded. The PT results were recorded as well as any treatment received following the recheck examination. Any reported incidents of bleeding or untoward effects between exposure and reexamination were recorded. Main results: Of 151 dogs, only 11 dogs (8.3%) developed prolonged PT requiring vitamin K supplementation. None of the 11 dogs with prolonged PTs exhibited signs of bleeding or required transfusion therapy. No differences in age, weight, or time elapsed between treated and untreated patients were found. Conclusions: The incidence of prolonged PT is low in dogs receiving GI decontamination within 6 hours of anticoagulant rodenticide ingestion. Delaying vitamin K therapy until a PT has been assessed 48–72 hours after initial exposure appears to be safe and sensitive in dogs following anticoagulant rodenticide ingestion.     

Influence of treatment temperature and duration on selected biological, mechanical, physical and optical properties of thermally modified timber

The impact of heat-treatment temperature (180, 200, 210, 220 and 240°C) and various heat-treatment durations on selected biological, mechanical, optical and physical properties of thermally modified timber (TMT) was determined. The suitability of different measures for prediction of the treatment intensity was also investigated. Resistance to impact milling (RIM), lightness L*, equilibrium moisture content (EMC), and antiswelling efficiency (ASE) were correlated with corresponding fungal resistance achieved by heat treatments. The results show that the decrease in mass by heat treatments is a suitable measurand to describe the treatment intensity, which is a product of treatment temperature and duration, where the impact of temperature is dominant over the impact of time. The properties examined showed a strong reciprocally proportional relationship with the decrease in mass. Different correlations were found for the various treatment temperatures: the higher the temperature applied, the lower the decrease in mass required for an equivalent improvement in certain wood properties, e.g. biological durability, EMC and dimensional stability. However, mass loss by Poria placenta correlated well with RIM, lightness L*, EMC and ASE of the different heat-treated specimens, depending on the heat-treatment temperature. Consequently, a reliable estimation of improved fungal resistance of TMT, as well as quality control of TMT in general, requires certain process information.     

Maus benagt Kunststoffkabel

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Investigations on Wooly Aphids of the GenusAdelges AN.(Hemipt.: Adelgidae) and their Predators in Turkey

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Kinetics of cell formation and growth stresses in the secondary xylem of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. and Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. (Meliaceae)

The kinetics of xylem formation in four-year-old plants of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. and Khaya ivorensis A. Chev. were studied by means of high resolution laser measurements (accuracy: ±2 μm) in a spatial resolution of 18.7 to 94.1 μm and a temporal resolution of 1 to 60 s. The radial enlargement of the xylem cells was completed within 0.36 to 8.85 hours in Swietenia and within 0.52 to 12.03 hours in Khaya, while secondary wall formation and lignification lasted days to weeks. Cell enlargement of vessels and ray parenchyma was significantly faster than radial enlargement of fibres and axial parenchyma. The processes of formation of the secondary cell wall and the lignification were slower in fibres than in vessels and parenchyma cells. In Swietenia new secondary cell formation was induced in distinct growth periods almost simultaneously in the whole shoot, while in Khaya new cell formation was restricted to parts of the shoot. Growth stresses in the shoot were studied in terms of released strain. Higher growth stresses were observed in the shoot of Khaya compared to Swietenia. The results indicate that the higher growth stresses in the xylem of Khaya compared to Swietenia originate in the different kinetics of cell development of different cell types in combination with the heterogenous sequence of cell formation within the shoot. Dedicated to Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. W. Liese on the occasion of his 80th birthday.     

水分逆境下杨树光合作用的气孔与非气孔调控

对杨树无性系：Ｉ－２１４（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓｅｕｒａｍｅｒｉｃａｎａｃｖ．Ｉ－２１４〕，健杨（Ｐ．ｅｕｒａｍｅｒｉｃａｎａＧｕｉｎｉｒｃｖ．Ｒｏｂｕｓｔａ），中东杨（Ｐ．ｂｅｒｏｌｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）和群众杨（Ｐ．Ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｓ３５－４４）一年生盆栽插条苗进行干旱处理，研究了水分胁迫对四种苗木光合作用和叶绿素ａ荧光的影响．结果发现，苗木受旱后可变荧光提高２０－５０％，而恒定荧光未受水分胁迫的影响。鉴于光抑制是以可变荧光的降低为特征，因此得出光系统ＩＩ光反应中心未受伤害的结论。对土壤干旱敏感的Ｉ－２１４和健杨受旱后净光合作用（Ｐｎ）剧烈下降，主要是由于非气孔因素的影响：即ＲＵＢＰ羧化酶（Ｒｕｂｉｓｃｏ）的活性降低．耐旱性强的群众杨和中东杨，Ｐｎ下降的幅度较小，气孔因素和非气孔因素都是影响光合作用的因子。通过干旱或ＡＢＡ处理的叶片叶温升高，抑制了Ｒｕｂｉｓｃｏ的活性，也使叶绿素ａ荧光诱导曲线上的Ｍ峰消失，从而证实了Ｍ峰与光合作用暗反应的相关性。