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21.
Yohei Nakamura Takuro Shibuno Nobuaki Suzuki Jun Nakamori Kiyoaki Kanashiro Yoshiro Watanabe 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(3):503-510
Molecular and otolith analyses were conducted for 173 settlement-stage larvae of emperor fishes (family Lethrinidae) collected
by light traps at Ishigaki Island, southern Japan, in July and August (summer season), to (1) present diagnostic DNA markers
for identification of lethrinid species and (2) compare the size and age at settlement of each species. PCR–RFLP and direct
nucleotide sequencing analyses identified 8 species. Size (standard length, SL) at settlement differed significantly between
species; Lethrinus ornatus (mean SL ± SD, 12.8 ± 1.5 mm), L. obsoletus (14.2 ± 0.8 mm) and L. harak (15.8 ± 1.6 mm) settled at a smaller size than L. atkinsoni (17.0 ± 1.3 mm), L. genivittatus (17.3 ± 1.0 mm), L. olivaceus (18.1 ± 0.6 mm), L. nebulosus (18.6 ± 4.2 mm), and L. sp.2 reported by Lo Galbo et al. (J Mol Evol 54:754–762, 2002) (21.7 ± 1.4 mm). Age at settlement tends to increase with
settlement size; L. obsoletus (mean age ± SD, 25.6 ± 1.2 days), L. atkinsoni (26.1 ± 2.1 days) and L. ornatus (26.3 ± 2.9 days) were younger at settlement than L. nebulosus (28.4 ± 2.1 days), L. harak (29.2 ± 1.7 days), L. olivaceus (29.5 ± 1.0 days), L. genivittatus (30.5 ± 1.7 days) and L. sp.2 (31.0 ± 2.0 days). Although our study showed interspecific variation in body size and age at settlement among 8 lethrinid
species, further seasonal replication is necessary to clarify the general patterns. 相似文献
22.
Hiromichi Mitamura Keiichi Uchida Yoshinori Miyamoto Nobuaki Arai Toshiharu Kakihara Takashi Yokota Junichi Okuyama Yuuki Kawabata Tohya Yasuda 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1133-1140
Several species of fish exhibit strong homing ability and distinct site fidelity to their original habitats and spawning sites.
We have studied the homing ability, site fidelity, and diel movement patterns of three nocturnal black rockfish Sebastes inermis. The patterns were studied by radio-linked acoustic positioning system (VRAP) and fixed monitoring receivers (VR2) in Maizuru
Bay, Japan from June to July 2004. All tagged fish were displaced by 80–120 m, but they returned to their respective captured
sites at dusk, regardless of the time of release. The fish tagged with a depth sensor transmitter displayed active vertical
movement just after the release, and subsequently swam near the bottom depth around the captured site. After homing, they
displayed small home ranges [average 815 ± 265 m2 (SD)] around a single rocky area with one or two core areas (average 64 ± 30 m2). One core area was utilized during the daylight and dark periods, whereas the other was used primarily during the dark period.
The depth-tagged fish primarily used the depth of the rock crevice during the daylight, and it spent its dark period between
the surface and the deeper bottom depth. 相似文献
23.
Long‐term changes in recruitment of age‐0 Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) and environmental conditions around Japan
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Yukimasa Ishida Hiromu Fukuda Ko Fujioka Osamu Sakai Yuko Hiraoka Kazuhiro Oshima Shuya Nakatsuka Nobuaki Suzuki Hiroyuki Shimada 《Fisheries Oceanography》2018,27(1):41-48
Recruitment of age‐0 Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis) from 1952 to 2014 was examined by a sequential regime shift detection method. The regime shifts in recruitment were detected in 1957, 1972, 1980, 1994 and 2009. The durations of regime shift ranged from 8–15 years and averaged 13.0 years. In both the total (1952–2014) and data rich (1980–2014) periods, negative relationships were found between recruitment and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation in autumn, and positive relationships were found between recruitment and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the northern part of the East China Sea, in the southwestern part of the Sea of Japan, and in the waters off Shikoku and Tokai in summer and autumn. The 1994 and 2009 regime shifts in recruitment occurred in the same years as shifts in SST anomalies in the northern part of the East China Sea in summer. These results suggest that the ocean conditions in the northern part of the East China Sea are closely related to recruitment of Pacific bluefin tuna, and that the warmer conditions result in higher recruitment of the species. 相似文献
24.
25.
Megumi Yamagishi Ritsuko Hosoda-Yabe Hideki Tamai Miku Konishi Akihiro Imamura Hideharu Ishida Tomio Yabe Hiromune Ando Makoto Kiso 《Marine drugs》2015,13(12):7250-7274
LLG-3 is a ganglioside isolated from the starfish Linchia laevigata. To clarify the structure-activity relationship of the glycan of LLG-3 toward rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells in the presence of nerve growth factor, a series of mono- to tetrasaccharide glycan derivatives were chemically synthesized and evaluated in vitro. The methyl group at C8 of the terminal sialic acid residue was crucial for neuritogenic activity, and the terminal trisaccharide moiety was the minimum active motif. Furthermore, the trisaccharide also stimulated neuritogenesis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was rapidly induced by adding 1 or 10 nM of the trisaccharide. The ratio of phosphorylated ERK to ERK reached a maximum 5 min after stimulation, and then decreased gradually. However, the trisaccharide did not induce significant Akt phosphorylation. These effects were abolished by pretreatment with the MAPK inhibitor U0126, which inhibits enzymes MEK1 and MEK2. In addition, U0126 inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 in response to the trisaccharide dose-dependently. Therefore, we concluded that the trisaccharide promotes neurite extension in SH-SY5Y cells via MAPK/ERK signaling, not Akt signaling. 相似文献
26.
Nobuaki Kimura Wen-Cheng Liu Chih-Yu Chiu T. K. Kratz Wei-Bo Chen 《Paddy and Water Environment》2012,10(1):17-30
A nowcasting system integrating observations and a numerical model was developed to better understand the spatial distributions
and temporal variations in the dynamics of a small, subtropical lake occasionally influenced by severe rainstorms. The nowcasting
system was used to monitor real-time meteorological conditions and thermal structures, to provide spatial information on the
thermal and flow dynamics from model predictions, and to compare the predictions with the observations. The system was also
able to determine whether the instruments collecting field data were performing correctly using telemetry operations. The
nowcasting system was initially operated in the spring of 2009 in Yuan-Yang Lake, Taiwan. Rainstorm-induced mixing occurred
due to Typhoon Morakot during August 7–9, 2009. The mixing was observed by the instruments, and the spatial distributions
and temporal variations during the mixing were successfully predicted by the three-dimensional hydrodynamic lake model. A
quantitative comparison of the energy balances among the heat, wind, and water inflow inputs to the lake implied that the
typhoon-induced mixing was primarily caused by strong winds. The model predictions showed that the lake experienced mixing
and flooding (large amounts of inflow/outflow discharges), resulting in homogenous temperatures and flows that moved to the
outlet of the lake. 相似文献
27.
Endo D Yamamoto Y Yamaguchi-Yamada M Nakamuta N Taniguchi K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(4):423-430
Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical and produced from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Since NO is recently suggested to be involved in olfactory perception, the expression of eNOS, an isoform of NOS, was examined in the rat olfactory epithelium. The activity of NADPH-diaphorase was also examined as a marker of NOS. In the dorsomedial region of the nasal cavity, intensely positive reactions for NADPH-diaphorase were observed in the entire cytoplasm of sensory cells (olfactory cells). By immunohistochemistry, intensely positive reactions for eNOS were also found in the dorsomedial region of the nasal cavity. These reactions were observed on the free border of the olfactory epithelium. By immunoelectron microscopy, positive reactions for eNOS were found in the cilia of olfactory cells. In addition, in situ hybridization analysis of the olfactory epithelium revealed the expression of eNOS mRNA in the olfactory cells. These results indicate the presence of eNOS in the olfactory cells of the rat, and differential expression of eNOS in the olfactory epithelium depending on the regions of the nasal cavity. In addition, NO produced by eNOS may be involved in olfactory perception in the cilia of olfactory cells. 相似文献
28.
Tomonori Kume Nobuaki TanakaKoichiro Kuraji Hikaru KomatsuNatsuko Yoshifuji Taku M. SaitohMasakazu Suzuki Tomo’omi Kumagai 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2011,151(9):1183-1192
This study was undertaken to quantify interannual variations of total evaporation (ET) in a tropical rainforest in Sarawak, Malaysia. To this end, we conducted 10-year meteorological measurements and formulated a simplified big-leaf model that reproduces transpiration (Et), rainfall interception (Ei), and ET as the sum of these. The model was validated independently using eddy covariance fluxes, rainfall interception based on throughfall and stemflow measurements, and sap flow measurements conducted for more than 2 years. Using the model, Et, Ei, and ET were estimated for the period 2000-2009. Annual Et, Ei, and ET averaged over 10 years were estimated as 1114, 209, and 1323 mm, respectively, with small seasonal fluctuations. The derived estimates showed conservative year-to-year variations in annual Et, Ei, and ET (CV = 5-7%) in contrast to considerable year-to-year variations in annual rainfall (CV = 11%). Specific rainfall characteristics (e.g. intense short duration storms) at this site can explain the conservative year-to-year Ei variations. Small interannual variations in meteorological conditions and absence of severe drought during the study period can explain the small year-to-year Et variations. To characterize ET at our site, we also compared Ei and ET at our site with those of other tropical forests. Based on the derived ET characteristics, we discuss possible ET changes in response to changes in rainfall regime at this site. 相似文献
29.
In several areas of Japan, rape plants (Brassica napus) show a boron deficient smyptom, resulting in a seed-maturation obstacle. And in these areas, early supply of boron before transplanting were required5,6. 相似文献
30.
Takeshi Yokono Yutaka Tamai Tomonori Azuma Yoh Sakuma Kiyoshi Miura Yasuo Kojima Masahide Sunagawa Masatake Ohmasa 《Journal of Wood Science》2000,46(6):480-484
The purpose of this research was to analyze the karyotype of the interspecific fusants of twoPleurotus species. Auxotrophic mutants derived from the cultivated strain ofP. ostreatus andP. cornucopiae were used. Protoplasts were fused electrically, and the fusants were selected under auxotrophic complementation. Esterase isozyme analysis showed that several fusants had isozyme bands originating from both parental strains, and others had unilateral isozyme bands. The fusant that had expressed isozyme bands of both parental strains showed chromosomal DNA bands of both of the parental strains in pulsedfield gel electrophoresis analysis. Despite the above results, the chromosomal composition of the fusants obtained by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis did not exhibit all of the bands of both fusion parents. 相似文献