RT13型指盘搂草机的设计与研究

针对天然草场产草量低、收集成本高及国外机具价格高这一现状,设计了RT13型指盘搂草机。在介绍搂草机整机结构及工作原理的基础上,对其指盘的运动及指盘平面距离等主要参数进行了设计计算。草场作业试验表明:该搂草机操作简单,形成的草条连续、外形整齐,可有效减少牧草收集时间,从而降低机具燃油消耗及人工成本。该机具各项技术性能指标符合设计要求,满足天然草场的收获要求。     

玉米深松全层施肥种行旋耕播种机关键部件的设计

针对目前国内玉米播种机存在播种深度不一致的问题,为了提高玉米播种播深一致性及播种质量,设计了一种旋耕种行玉米播种机。该机可以实现深松、分层施肥、旋耕种行、开沟、播种及覆土镇压等功能,一次性完成的播种作业,适用于大田作业。该机结构简单,使用时调整方便。田间试验表明:整机结构设计合理,可以达到精量播种,符合农民种植要求。     

整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂高速摄影分析

为了研究整秆式甘蔗收获机内物流排杂运动机理,研制了甘蔗收获机内物流排杂试验台,并利用高速摄像机拍摄了甘蔗与蔗叶在物流通道内的运动全过程,并对图像进行分析。结果表明,甘蔗在物流运动过程中发生弹跳、扭转和弯曲变形,在剥叶运动过程中发生断尾,并且通过排杂装置将蔗叶与甘蔗分离后排出。通过建立甘蔗收获机内各部件元件与甘蔗、蔗叶的简化力学模型,结合甘蔗和蔗叶的力学特性分析了甘蔗和蔗叶在物流通道内的运动机理。甘蔗在物流运动中主要受到的作用力为各部件对甘蔗的轴向力、垂直于甘蔗运动方向的切向力和摩擦力。     

The screening and evaluation of herbs and identification of herbal combinations with anti-viral effects on Newcastle disease virus

1. A total of 25 “heat-clearing and detoxifying” herbs used in Chinese medicine were investigated for their cytopathic effects on the growth of Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) in a chicken fibroblast cell line.

2. The 5 herbs with the highest virus inhibitory effects were Herba agastaches, Flos chrysanthemi indici, Rhizoma anemarrhenae, Astragalus root and Baikal skullcap root and these were used in herbal formulations. Anti-NDV activities of 4 formulations were tested on the growth of NDV in the DF-1 fibroblast cell line.

3. Formulation II, containing Baikal skullcap root, Astragalus root, Anemarrhena rhizome (1:1:2) and formulation IV containing Anemarrhena rhizome, Astragalus root and Flos chrysanthemi indici (1:1:1), which had strong anti-NDV activity in vitro, were used to determine the in vivo inhibitory effects of NDV-infection in chickens. After treatment with the two formulations serum IgY titres against NDV were improved, and morbidity was reduced in the NDV-infected chickens.

4. The results suggest that the components in formulations II and IV acted synergistically to improve resistance to Newcastle disease and provide a basis for the developing an anti-NDV herbal medicine.

     

Free choice feeding of whole grains in meat-type pigeons: 1. effect on performance,carcass traits and organ development

1. The effects of 5 different feeding systems on the performance, carcass traits and organ development were studied in pigeon squabs.

2. The 5 treatments were (1) whole grains of maize, pea and wheat plus concentrate feed; (2)whole grains of maize and wheat plus concentrate feed (CWC); (3) whole grains of maize and pea plus concentrate feed; (4)whole grain of maize plus concentrate feed (CC); and (5) compound feed (CF).

3. Feed intake of parent pigeons increased significantly from 0 to 21 d and it was higher in the CF treatment. Body weight of squabs in the CWC treatment was the highest among the 5 treatments in 4 weeks. Body weight losses of parental pigeons during the rearing period were not significantly different among the 5 treatments.

4. Protein intake in CC and CWC treatments was lower than that of the other three treatments. The CWC treatment had the highest daily weight gain and the lowest feed conversion ratio. Treatments were statistically similar in the relative weight of carcass, breast and thigh. CF had the lower relative weight of abdominal fat.

5. Relative weight of gizzard in the CF treatment was significantly lower than that of CWC.

6. It was concluded that the application of free choice feeding of whole grains of maize and wheat plus concentrate feed increased the body weight of 28-d-old pigeon squabs and decreased the feed conversion rate of parent pigeons. This feeding strategy could be commercially interesting in meat-type pigeon production.

     

植物内生菌次生代谢产物对设施番茄生长的影响

以番茄为试材,分别在缓苗后期、现蕾期和坐果期喷施植物内生菌次生代谢产物,在坐果期喷施后的10、20、30d时,比较分析了番茄形态及生理生化等各项指标,以探究其对设施番茄生长特性和生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:次生代谢产物可明显促进番茄生长和缓解低温对番茄植株造成的伤害,株高、茎粗、叶长、叶宽比对照组均有不同程度的提高;处理组丙二醛(MDA)含量分别比对照组低15.00%、7.35%和14.29%。叶绿素含量分别比对照组高13.27%、15.00%和19.57%。可溶性糖含量分别比对照组高8.46%、27.59%和43.93%。可溶性蛋白质含量分别比对照组高10.45%、12.54%和14.69%。说明植物内生菌次生代谢产物具有较好的应用前景。     

农业推广方法选择研究——以陕西省三原县为例

本文以陕西省三原县为例,采用典型调查方法,运用问卷调查、农户访问等资料搜集手段,研究各种因素对农业推广方法选择的影响.研究结果表明:推广对象的经济状况、采用创新的不同阶段以及推广对象的文化程度等都影响到农业推广方法的选择,而要最大限度地提高推广效果需要综合采用多种农业推广方法.     

山东省沂南县动物强制免疫“先打后补”现状分析

2021年,沂南县推进动物疫病强制免疫“先打后补”工作,依托“鲁牧云”信息平台,通过强化组织领导,加强政策宣贯,强化人员培训,放开强免疫苗经营渠道,提供抗体检测无偿服务等措施,提升了养殖场户“先打后补”的积极性、自主性、灵活性,强化了养殖场户动物防疫主体责任,满足了养殖场户疫苗多样化需求。但由于 “先打后补”补助金额少、社会化服务不规范、基层动物防疫体系弱化、缺少配套工作经费等原因,部分养殖场户实施“先打后补”的积极性不高。建议通过规范社会化服务组织,强化培训水平,提高补助标准,强化三级（县乡村）基础设施建设,升级“鲁牧云”等措施,确保“先打后补”政策惠及更多养殖场户。     

沮漳河下游洪水遭遇地区组成规律

漳河水库由观音寺和鸡公尖两个水库以明槽渠道组成，涉及入库洪水的两个来源，而为下游防洪又涉及到与水库坝址至两河口区间及沮河洪水的组成遭遇。沮漳河为长江的一级支流，对长江防洪安全有一定的影响作用，为了确保水库及其下游防护区的安全，必须研究洪水的地区组成，为防洪错峰及安全调度提供设计依据。通过F检验法及t检验法来进行回归方程及相关系数的检验，证明回归方程是显著的，相关也较密切，可用于生产实际。