河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状遗传参数分析

旨在探究河北省中国荷斯坦牛产奶和体型性状的遗传参数,为育种提供参考.本研究收集了2012-2018年河北省133个牛场8 891头中国荷斯坦母牛第一胎次的3个产奶性状记录(产奶量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率)和26个体型性状记录,利用DMU软件,以场年季、产犊月龄、鉴定年季和鉴定员效应为固定效应,以个体的加性遗传效应为随机效应,...     

冷应激蛋鸡呼吸频率、心电与血清酶活性的变化及其相互关系

采用冷束缚应激的方法建立冷应激动物模型,测定冷应激前后蛋鸡的呼吸频率、心电及5种血清酶的各项参数值.结果表明:随着冷应激时间的延长,蛋鸡心率和呼吸频率先上升后下降,冷应激3、5 h与冷应激0 h相比差异显著(P<0.05).丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT/GPT)活性在冷应激后明显下降(P<0.05);γ-谷氨酸氨基转移酶(γ-GT)活性先上升后下降,冷应激1、2、3、5 h时与冷应激0 h相比差异显著(P<0.05);肌酸激酶(CK)活性呈上升趋势变化,冷应激0.5、1、2、3 h时与冷应激0 h相比差异显著(P<0.05),乳酸脱氢酶(LDH-L)活性呈上升趋势,各时间点与冷应激0 h相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST/GOT)先下降后上升,各时间点与冷应激0 h相比差异不显著(P>0.05).心率与呼吸频率、γ-GT、ALT呈强正相关;呼吸频率与γ-GT、ALT呈中等强度正相关,与AST呈中等强度负相关:γ-GT与ALT呈中等强度正相关,其余各指标之间呈弱相关.上述结果说明,冷应激对海兰褐蛋鸡呼吸频率、心率及血清酶活性有较大改变,并且所测定的各指标之间存在不同程度的相关关系.     

Effects of panax notoginseng saponins on pneumocyte apoptosis and Fas/FasL expression in rabbits with lung ischemia/reperfusion injury

AIM: AIM: To explore the relationship between apoptosis in the lung tissues and lung ischemia/reperfusion injury, and observe effects of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on apoptosis in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS: Single lung in situ ischemia/reperfusion animal model was used. Eighty four Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into control group (control), ischemia/reperfusion 1 h group (IR1h), IR3h, IR5h, Panax Notoginseng Saponins 1 h group (PNS1h), PNS3h and PNS5h. TUNEL, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques were used to observe apoptosis and Fas/FasL expression in various phases of lung ischemia/reperfusion. RESULTS: Cell apoptosis in lung tissues were significantly high, Fas/FasL mRNA and its protein were up-regulated in lung tissues of lung ischemia/reperfusion injury compared with control (all of P<0.01). The PNS suppressed apoptosis as well as expression of Fas/FasL mRNA and its protein (P<0.05 or P<0.01, respectively). There was a significant correlation between expression of Fas/FasL protein, Fas/FasL mRNA and cell apoptosis (r=0.540，0.658，0.668，0.686；all P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Activation of Fas/FasL system and its initiating cell apoptosis of lung tissues may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung ischemia/reperfusion injury. The protective effects of PNS include suppressing the activation of Fas/FasL system and blocking apoptosis in lung tissues in lung ischemia/reperfusion injury.     

关中地区规模化奶山羊养殖场机器挤奶现状及建议

对陕西省关中地区31个不同规模的奶山羊养殖场使用机器挤奶的相关数据及资料进行分析。结果表明,不同奶山羊养殖场规模、挤奶设备、挤奶时间、质检方式和羊奶售价等方面均存在差异;机器挤奶流程、挤奶次数和环境卫生等影响到奶山羊乳房健康和羊奶品质。应加强对养殖场挤奶机器的管理,规范机器挤奶技术流程,提高奶山羊养殖场生产效益。     

凉茶渣的黑曲霉发酵工艺和抗氧化活性研究

为促进凉茶渣在畜牧业中的资源化利用,本研究以黑曲霉为菌种固态发酵凉茶渣,首先在单因素试验条件下考察了时间、温度、含水量、浸泡液pH、氮源和碳源对凉茶渣降解率和产物pH的影响;再根据单因素试验结果和规模化生产实际需要,以4%硫酸铵为氮源,2%葡萄糖为碳源,以降解率为考察指标,通过正交试验优化发酵工艺;并通过检测超氧自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率和1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基清除率,评价凉茶渣在最优工艺条件下发酵前后抗氧化活性的变化。结果发现,含水量为60%,浸泡液pH为9.0,31℃发酵168 h是凉茶渣的最佳发酵工艺参数。最佳工艺条件下凉茶渣的降解率为25.23%,发酵产物pH为4.53。当凉茶渣发酵前水提液浓度为24 mg/mL时,超氧自由基清除率为43.56%,羟基自由基清除率为47.06%,DPPH自由基清除率为90.71%;当最优条件下发酵产物水提液浓度24 mg/mL时,超氧自由基清除率为30.77%,羟基自由基清除率为95.63%,DPPH自由基清除率为87.36%。本试验结果表明,黑曲霉是适宜的凉茶渣发酵菌种,且凉茶渣经过黑曲霉发酵后具有良好的抗氧化活性。     

非洲猪瘟病毒无标签重组B602L抗原制备与鉴定

为了获得无标签重组抗原用于非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)抗体检测,本研究将B602L与类弹性蛋白多肽(ELP)基因进行融合表达,利用简单、经济的相变循环(ITC)纯化ELP-B602L融合蛋白,用烟草蚀纹病毒(TEV)蛋白酶活性包涵体切除ELP标签,再用ITC回收重组B602L蛋白;用抗体阳性猪血清对重组B602L进行鉴定;以重组B602L蛋白为包被抗原进行ELISA鉴定。结果显示重组大肠杆菌能正确表达ELP-B602L融合蛋白,纯化融合蛋白纯度大于85%;TEV蛋白酶活性包涵体切除ELP标签的效率大于90%,回收的重组B602L蛋白纯度大于90%,能与抗体阳性猪血清反应;以重组B602L蛋白为包被抗原建立的ELISA与抗体阳性血清反应为阳性,与抗体阴性血清反应为阴性,OD450值与血清稀释倍数具有线性相关性。     

抗霉菌素“120”与杀灭菊酯混用防治效果试验

抗霉菌素“120”是一种新的农用抗菌素,防治农作物上多种病害都有效。实验室试验证明;本剂与杀灭菌酯混用,对防治病害和虫害的效果没有不良影响,因此可以减少打药次数,有一定经济意义。     

Construction of mouse ESC line stably expressing Pdx1 by Tet-On system

AIM To construct the mouse embryonic stem cell （ESC） line with stable pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 （Pdx1） expression by Tet-On system, which may lay a foundation for further research on the differentiation of Pdx1⁺ definitive endoderm cells into pancreatic cells. METHODS The Pdx1-overexpressing lentiviral vector with green fluorescent protein marker and puromycin resistance was constructed by Tet-On system and was used to infect the mouse ESC. The cells were divided into 3 groups： blank control group （ESC group）, empty lentivirus control group （PDX1^- ESC group） and Pdx1 lentivirus transfection group （PDX1⁺ ESC group）. Flow cytometry was used to detect the transfected cells after screening by doxycycline （DOX）. The function of Tet-On system and the expression of Pdx1 gene were detected. The transfected cells in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group were sorted by flow cytometry, and constructed ESC line with stable expression of Pdx1 and negative control ESC line were verified. RESULTS （1） The positive rates of transfected cells in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group were 90.72% and 94.01% after screening by DOX, respectively. The positive rates of transfected cells in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group was 97.84% and 98.13% after sorting by flow cytometry, respectively. （2） With DOX, green fluorescence was observed in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group. The mRNA and protein expression of Pdx1 was significantly increased in PDX1⁺ ESC group （P<0.05）. Without DOX, no green fluorescence was observed in the cells of the 3 groups, and no significant difference in the mRNA and protein expression of Pdx1 was observed （P>0.05）. （3） After 3 months of cryopreservation, the cell lines still survived in resuscitation culture and were regulated by DOX. CONCLUSION Using Tet-On system, the mouse ESC line with inducible Pdx1 expression were successfully established and could be used as an effective cell model to research the differentiation of Pdx1⁺ definitive endoderm cells into pancreatic cells.