表观健康猪群携带猪链球菌2型毒力因子的分布特征

为了研究钦州市猪链球菌2型(SS2)的毒力因子分布特征,采用多重PCR方法对从我市健康猪扁桃体分离的11株SS2相关毒力基因——荚膜多糖(Cps2J),溶菌酶释放蛋白(Mrp),胞外蛋白因子(EF),溶血素(Sly),进行毒力基因检测。检测结果显示:毒力基因型为Mrp+epf+Sly+共有8株,毒力基因型为Mrp+epf+Sly-共有1株,这两种毒力基因型可归为强毒力基因型,占此次健康猪源毒株的81.8%;另外Mrp-epf-Sly-共有2株,属于弱毒和无毒基因型,占健康猪源毒株的18.2%。通过结果分析,预示我市目前SS2的主要流行菌株是同时具有4种毒力因子的高致病性菌株。     

基于创新管理的林科创新人才培养的研究

创新人才培养是我国建设创新型国家和人力资源强国、实现中华民族伟大复兴的基础性工作。作为林科特色鲜明,地处黑龙江省森工林区的全国重点大学,东北林业大学近年来大力开展教育教学改革,从多方面改革工作入手,积极探索创新人才的培养道路,取得了初步成效。本文从学校构建林科创新人才培养教学管理的角度,阐述我校教学管理在培养林科创新人才中的做法。     

濒危树种极东锦鸡儿(Caragana fruticosa)种子的萌发特性

以濒危树种极东锦鸡儿成熟种子为材料,研究极东锦鸡儿种子物理性状和温度对其种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:极东锦鸡儿种荚结实率较低,且约有1/4种子受虫害;成熟种子含水量为6.6%,千粒重18.6 g。种子长、宽和厚存在一定变异。种子长度平均为0.42 cm,宽度平均为0.27 cm,厚度平均为0.24 cm,长宽比为0.64。种皮透水性良好。不同温度条件对种子发芽率具有极显著影响。25℃条件下种子发芽率最高,为38.33%。随着温度的升高或降低,种子发芽率降低。发芽试验的第八天是计算种子发芽势的适宜时期。不同温度条件对极东锦鸡儿幼苗高度的影响极显著,对胚根长度影响显著。25℃有利于幼苗高度和胚根长度的增加,较高温度(30℃)有利于幼苗生物量增加。     

High prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 in Chinese swine herds

Nested RT-PCR was used to investigate bovine viral diarrhea virus in 511 specimens collected from Chinese pigs exhibiting clinical symptoms between 2007 and 2010. Of these, 137 samples were BVDV-positive and the BVDV prevalence rate was 23.1% (9/39) in 2007, 27.7% (44/159) in 2008, 33.6% (34/101) in 2009, and 23.6% (50/212) in 2010. Twenty of 137 BVDV-positive samples were used for further genetic analysis of the 5'-UTR. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they were BVDV-1 and subtyped into BVDV-1a, BVDV-1b, BVDV-1m, BVDV-1o and an unknown subgenotype. This study showed that BVDVs were highly prevalent in Chinese pig herds and appropriate measures should be taken to control BVDV prevalence in pig herds.     

水土保持林的密度调控

在明确水土保持林定义及功能的基础上,分析了水土保持林密度对林分成活率、郁闭度、高生长、直径、单株材积、干材产量、生物量、干材质量、根系等的影响,详细介绍了常见的几种林分密度控制的测算方法。针对山西省的实际情况,提出了在山西省要利用密度调控实现经营目标所需注意的几个问题。     

江西省赣州市土壤保持和水源涵养时空特征及保护空缺

[目的] 明晰土壤保持、水源涵养时空格局并标识保护空缺区域,为地区发展规划和生态保护提供科学指导。[方法] 以江西省赣州市为研究区,综合RUSLE模型、InVEST模型等生态评价方法和热点分析、叠加分析等分析工具,结合保护空缺理论,分析2000—2020年土壤保持和水源涵养时空演化特征,对比现有保护区域,标识潜在优先保护区。[结果] ①赣州市土壤保持服务空间分布特征总体表现为四周高中心低,极重要区集中分布在四周的罗霄山脉、九连山脉、武夷山脉和庾山山脉,多年平均土壤保持总量为8.46×10⁸ t。②水源涵养功能空间特征也表现为周高中低,极重要区集中分布在梅江流域、平江流域、贝岭水流域、犹江流域和桃江流域的上游及绵江流域和湘水流域东侧的武夷山脉,多年平均水源涵养深度为213.48 mm。③赣州市土壤保持和水源涵养功能显著的区域在空间上具有较强的关联性,对比现有自然保护地后标识保护空缺面积6 155.54 hm²,保护空缺区有几处较为明显且周边无保护地的集中分布区,分别位于兴国县北部、石城县东北部、瑞金市西北部和东南部、全南县中部、安远县东南部和寻乌县西部。[结论] 气候因素、土地利用变化、地形地貌条件是影响赣州市土壤保持和水源涵养功能时空分异的重要因素,针对保护空缺区域和功能退化区域,应采取生态保护和修复策略。     

施氮对高产春大豆氮素吸收分配的影响

以高油品种黑农41为材料研究了高产条件下,氮肥对春大豆植株氮素吸收的影响.结果表明,始花期施氮肥促进氮素吸收,提高氮素的积累速率,推迟氮素积累高峰期,氮素积累总量增加,促进氮素向子粒分配,提高子粒产量和蛋白质含量.在施氮量为0-90kg/hm2范围内,每生产100kg子粒,氮、磷(P2O5)、钾(K2O)吸收量略增,三者之间的比率稳定,约为1:0.28:0.69,再增加氮肥施用量,钾的吸收比率明显下降.     

Identification of qRL7, a major quantitative trait locus associated with rice root length in hydroponic conditions

Root system development is an important target for improving yield in rice. Active roots that can take up nutrients more efficiently are essential for improving grain yield. In this study, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses using 215 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between Xieqingzao B (XB), a maintainer line with short roots and R9308, a restorer line with long roots. Only a QTLs associated with root length were mapped on chromosomes 7. The QTL, named qRL7, was located between markers RM3859 and RM214 on chromosome 7 and explained 18.14–18.36% of the total phenotypic variance evaluated across two years. Fine mapping of qRL7 using eight BC₃F₃ recombinant lines mapped the QTL to between markers InDel11 and InDel17, which delimit a 657.35 kb interval in the reference cultivar Nipponbare. To determine the genotype classes for the target QTL in these BC₃F₃ recombinants, the root lengths of their BC₃F₄ progeny were investigated, and the result showed that qRL7 plays a crucial role in root length. The results of this study will increase our understanding of the genetic factors controlling root architecture, which will help rice breeders to breed varieties with deep, strong and vigorous root systems.     

双丙氨磷在橡胶树遗传转化中的应用

本研究以GV3101::pMP90RK为工程菌株,bar基因作为筛选标记基因,研究了双丙氨磷在橡胶树根癌农杆菌介导法转基因体系中对转基因愈伤组织的筛选效果,并利用该体系将橡胶树转录因子HbWRKY5转入橡胶树无性系热研8-79中。实验结果表明,3mg/L双丙氨磷可作为橡胶树转基因体系中抗性愈伤组织筛选的最佳浓度。本研究中共获得了3个抗性愈伤组织系,抗性愈伤经过体细胞胚发生共获得234个体细胞胚,经植株再生培养后共获得22株再生植株。对再生植株进行的PCR鉴定结果表明,所获得的再生植株均为转基因植株。因此,bar基因结合双丙氨磷的筛选体系可以作为橡胶树转化体系中的有效筛选体系。     

Relation between milk urea content and nitrogen excretion from lactating cows

Abstract

Thirty-two Chinese Holstein lactating cows were used to investigate the relationship of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and nitrogen excretion loading to the environment. Cows were fed a similar amount of forage, and concentrates according to milk production. Total collection of urine and faeces were conducted continuously for three days. The milk urea nitrogen was significantly correlated to total nitrogen excretion (R ²=0.70), urinary nitrogen excretion (R ²=0.85), and nitrogen excretion from faeces (R ²=0.22). The following equation was proposed to predict total nitrogen excretion (TNE) (g/d) based on milk urea nitrogen (MUN) (mg/dl): TNE?=?15.46(±1.83)×MUN?+?193.40(±28.79). The results obtained in this study suggested that MUN might be used to predict TNE from lactating cows.