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21.
Summary The genomic DNAs of 42 Pisum sativum genotypes, representing four wild and cultivated subspecies were used as templates in RAPD reactions. Amplification with eight decamer primers generated 149 polymorphic products. Genetic similarities of RAPD profiles were estimated via a coefficient of Jaccard and then the data were processed by cluster analysis (UPGMA). Each genotype was clearly identified and separated from the others. Our results show that RAPD technology is a rapid, precise and sensitive technique for identification of pea genotypes. However, the phylogenetic relationships within the Pisum sativum, which we tested by bootstrap analysis (Wagner parsimony), must be interpreted with caution. 相似文献
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D. Sadiković B. Piškur I. Barnes T. Hauptman D. Diminić M. J. Wingfield D. Jurc 《Plant pathology》2019,68(6):1120-1131
Brown spot needle blight (BSNB), a disease of pine trees caused by the fungus Lecanosticta acicola, has been known in Slovenia since 2008 and in Croatia since 1975. Recent outbreaks in Slovenia prompted this study to compare L. acicola populations in these two neighbouring European countries. Sixty-nine isolates collected from three pine species (Pinus mugo, P. halepensis and P. nigra) were used to determine the phylogenetic relationships, genetic structure, and reproductive strategy of the pathogen. EF1-α sequences showed that Slovenian and Croatian isolates share a common ancestry with individuals from central and northern Europe. Population structure analysis revealed four distinct population clusters of L. acicola in these two countries, generally corresponding to their respective geographic location and host. An unequal ratio of mating types and a low overall genetic diversity in the population indicated a strong influence of asexual reproduction. Although some of the oldest recorded European occurrences of BSNB are from Croatia, this study provided no evidence that the population studied in Croatia was the source of the sampled outbreaks in Slovenia. Recent outbreaks of L. acicola in Slovenia are most likely due to introductions from other, yet to be identified, sources. 相似文献
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Filip Franeta Sanja Mikić Željko Milovac Bojan Mitrović Dušanka Inđić Slavica Vuković 《国际虫害防治杂志》2019,65(1):23-32
Maize is arguably the most widely grown crop in the world, but it is often associated with one of its major insect pests, the European corn borer (ECB). The damage caused by this species to maize production is generally variable, but in many cases it is economically significant. This review paper provides an overview of the research findings on the natural plant defence mechanisms against ECB larvae published till now. What is resistance and how it is achieved, what is the chemical response of maize plants to insect feeding and how tolerance can be increased. A short introduction in breeding for resistance and a discussion if the mentioned traits can be used in conventional breeding in order to create maize hybrids less affected by ECB are given. 相似文献
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Tančić Živanov Sonja Dedić Boško Dimitrijević Aleksandra Dušanić Nenad Jocić Siniša Miklič Vladimir Kovačević Branislav Miladinović Dragana 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2019,126(6):565-573
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - The study assessed the genetic variability among Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. isolates originating from six different countries (Turkey,... 相似文献
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Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Prior to the first occurrence of chestnut blight in 1976, leaf spot caused by Cylindrosporium castaneae was one of the most important diseases of European... 相似文献
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基于激光雷达的巡检机器人导航系统研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
智能巡检机器人能够高效、可靠地完成巡检任务,降低工作人员的劳动强度,准确、稳定的导航定位是巡检机器人执行巡检任务的基础。本文研究了基于激光雷达的巡检机器人导航系统,可实现机器人在室内外环境下的地图建立、路径规划和导航定位。导航系统由远程监控平台与巡检机器人组成,远程监控平台发布巡检任务、监控机器人状态、查询与存储检测数据,巡检机器人可实现自主导航定位、遍历检测点、执行数据采集等巡检任务,二者通过无线网络实现远程数据交互。融合激光雷达与编码器信息,使用高鲁棒性Gmapping算法建立二维环境地图。根据地图与检测点信息,采用分支界定算法搜索最优巡检路线,以减少巡检时间和能源消耗。使用自适应蒙特卡罗定位(AMCL)算法估计机器人位置和姿态,结合巡检路线,进行导航定位。根据横向偏差与航向偏差,通过经典的PID算法完成机器人驱动控制。机器人搭载可见光相机与红外相机,可对目标进行可见光通道与红外通道的融合图像检测。对巡检机器人进行了室内导航定位试验,试验结果表明,在1 m/s的速度下,位置与航向偏差的平均绝对误差(MAE)分别小于5 cm和1.1°,标准差(SD)分别小于5 cm和1.5°,能够满足巡检导航定位的要求。 相似文献
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Fenaille F Visani P Fumeaux R Milo C Guy PA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(9):2790-2796
Two headspace techniques based on mass spectrometry detection (MS), electronic nose, and solid phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) were evaluated for their ability to differentiate various infant formula powders based on changes of their volatiles upon storage. The electronic nose gave unresolved MS fingerprints of the samples gas phases that were further submitted to principal component analysis (PCA). Such direct MS recording combined to multivariate treatment enabled a rapid differentiation of the infant formulas over a 4 week storage test. Although MS-based electronic nose advantages are its easy-to-use aspect and its meaningful data interpretation obtained with a high throughput (100 samples per 24 h), its greatest disadvantage is that the present compounds could not be identified and quantified. For these reasons, a SPME-GC/MS measurement was also investigated. This technique allowed the identification of saturated aldehydes as the main volatiles present in the headspace of infant milk powders. An isotope dilution assay was further developed to quantitate hexanal as a potential indicator of infant milk powder oxidation. Thus, hexanal content was found to vary from roughly 500 and 3500 microg/kg for relatively non-oxidized and oxidized infant formulas, respectively. 相似文献
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芨芨草水土保持功能的初步研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
芨芨草是黄土高原地区广泛分布的禾本科植物.人们对其水土保持方面的定量研究基本上还处于空白.通过对芨芨草草地土壤抗冲性、渗透性、土壤抗剪强度等指标的研究,来探讨芨芨草的水土保持功能.结果表明:芨芨草能明显提高土壤的抗冲性、渗透性及土壤的抗剪强度,并能增加地表的覆盖度.芨芨草在黄土高原地区的水土保持工作中有着广阔的应用前景. 相似文献