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151.
Inokuma H Fujimoto T Hosoi E Tanaka S Fujisaki K Okuda M Onishi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(7):615-617
Ticks were collected from 94 sika deer (Cervus nippon) hunted in the western part of Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan from August to November 1999, and March to July 2000. Haemaphysalis longicornis and H. yeni were the dominant species from April to August, while H. flava and H. megaspinosa were dominant in October, November and March. This is the first report of H. yeni in the mainland of Japan. Small numbers of H. kitaokai, Amblyomma testudinarium and Ixodes ovatus were also recorded. 相似文献
152.
Masaru Sakamoto Yasuomi Tada Hitoshi Nakayashiki Yukio Tosa Shigeyuki Mayama 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2005,71(6):387-394
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to be involved in various forms of programmed cell death (PCD) in animal and plant
cells. PCD, along with the production of ROS, occurs during plant–pathogen interactions. Here we show that victorin, a host-specific
toxin produced by Cochliobolus victoriae, which causes victoria blight of oats, induces two phases of intracellular ROS production in victorin-sensitive oat mesophyll
cells. The initial production of ROS is restricted at mitochondria and not accompanied with cellular oxidative damage. Later
production of ROS is dispersed into cells concomitant with lipid peroxidation, chloroplast dysfunction, and cell death. Superoxide
dismutase can clearly suppress the initial ROS production and delay the progression of cell death. These data indicate that
the initial ROS production may be involved in the cell death induction process, and the later ROS production may play important
roles in events leading to cellular disruption. 相似文献
153.
Masaru Nakano Toshikazu Nomizu Keiko Mizunashi Mami Suzuki Shiro Mori Sachiko Kuwayama Megumi Hayashi Hiroto Umehara Eriko Oka Hiroyuki Kobayashi Megumi Asano Shintaro Sugawara Hiroki Takagi Hiroyuki Saito Masashi Nakata Toshinari Godo Yoshihiro Hara Junji Amano 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006,110(4):366-371
The Liliaceous perennial Tricyrtis hirta, sometimes called ‘Japanese toad lily’, has recently become popular as an ornamental for pot and garden uses. Highly embryogenic callus cultures of this plant predominately consisted of diploid cells but also contained tetraploid cells after 1 year of establishment. In the present study, plans regenerated from the 1-year-old embryogenic callus cultures were subjected to ploidy level analysis and morphological characterization following 3 years of cultivation. Among 37 plants examined, 28 kept the diploid level (2n = 2x = 26) but nine were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 52) as indicated by FCM analysis and chromosome observation. Although no morphological alterations were detected in 26 out of 28 diploid regenerants, the remaining two showed noticeable variations: both were severely dwarf and had crimped leaves and many malformed flowers. The tetraploid regenerants had several horticulturally attractive characteristics compared with the diploid controls, such as longer shoots, thicker stems, and larger flowers. Thus regeneration of tetraploid plants from 1-year-old embryogenic callus cultures offers a possibility to improve the horticultural value of T. hirta, although regeneration of trueness-to-type plants is essential for utilizing the cultures for micropropagation and genetic transformation. 相似文献
154.
Kazuaki TANAKA Yoshiatsu IWAKI Tatsuya TAKIZAWA Masaru MURAKAMI Hideyuki MANNEN Yoshizane MAEDA Yaetsu KUROSAWA Vu-Binh DANG Loan CHHUM PHITH Bounthong BOUAHOM Yoshio YAMAMOTO Than DAING Takao NAMIKAWA 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(3):243-250
The beta 3‐adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is a G protein‐coupled receptor that is involved in regulating energy homeostasis. We have studied DNA sequences of porcine ADRB3 to find candidate genetic polymorphisms for economically important growth and performance traits in pigs. Five novel haplotypes derived from the three In/dels and 44 SNPs were identified among domestic pigs and wild boars. Three of them encode non‐synonymous amino acid sequences by five missense polymorphisms and a frameshift by a thymine insertion. The amino acid polymorphic sites were distributed as follows: one substitution was in extracellular loop 1, three substitutions were in intracellular loop3 and one substitution and the deletion of two amino acids were at the carboxyl‐terminal. There was no polymorphism in the transmembrane domains. In addition, we surveyed the allelic frequency of the thymine insertion that cause frameshift in South‐east Asian local pigs, including some commercial breeds and wild boars. This thymine insertion was distributed widely in the domestic pigs and wild boars. The frequencies of this allele were relatively low in Western improved breeds, while they were very common in Asian breeds and wild boars in Asia. This result indicates that this insertion originally occurred in ancient Asian wild boars and then circulated among Asian domestic pigs. This allele also spread over Western breeds, probably through the introgression of Asian pigs into European stocks during the 18th and 19th centuries. 相似文献
155.
Hiraoka H Shimada Y Sakata Y Watanabe M Itamoto K Okuda M Masuzawa T Inokuma H 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,144(1-2):188-192
Ticks removed from 1136 dogs and 134 cats all over Japan were examined for Borrelia infection by PCR and sequencing. The 5S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer of Borrelia was detected from two Ixodes persulcatus ticks from two dogs and two unidentified Ixodes spp. from another two dogs in Hokkaido, and two Ixodes granulatus ticks from two cats in Okinawa. Additional 2 I. granulatus from the same cats also showed positive. Sequence analysis of the PCR products revealed that the one from Hokkaido was similar to B. garinii, the three from Hokkaido to B. tanukii, and the four from Okinawa to a novel Borrelia sp. closely related to B. valaisiana. The data was confirmed by analysis of the flagellin gene sequence. Infected ticks carried by companion animals can be introduced into the human environment. 相似文献
156.
Nakaichi M Takeshita Y Okuda M Nakamoto Y Itamoto K Une S Sasaki N Kadosawa T Takahashi T Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(2):111-115
Cellular drug resistance to antineoplastic drugs is often due to the presence of a drug efflux pump that reduces intracellular drug accumulation and chemosensitivity. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which is encoded by the MDR1 gene, is considered to function as an ATP-driven membrane drug efflux pump and appears to play an important role in tumor cell resistance. In the present report, we assessed the expression of MDR1 by RT-PCR in three canine mast cell tumor cell lines, TiMC, CoMS and LuMC, originating from a cutaneous tumor, an oral-mucosal tumor and a gastrointestinal tumor, respectively. P-gp expression was also examined by Western blot analysis, while the functional activity of P-gp was assessed by flowcytometric analysis of intracellular rhodamine-123 (Rhd-123) uptake. The results revealed that MDR1 gene and P-gp were both expressed in CoMS and LuMC cells, whereas neither was present in TiMC cells. In CoMS and LuMC cells, intracellular uptake of Rhd-123 increased in the presence of verapamil, a functional modulator of P-gp. In contrast, TiMC cells did not show any changes in the intracellular accumulation of Rhd-123 after the verapamil addition. These findings suggest that the expressions of MDR1 gene and P-gp probably contribute to cellular drug resistance in canine mast cell tumors. 相似文献
157.
We evaluated the response of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi Sieb. & Zucc.) to elevated atmospheric CO(2) concentration ([CO(2)]) (689 +/- 75 ppm in 2002 and 697 +/- 90 ppm in 2003) over 2 years in a field experiment with open-top chambers. Root activity was assessed as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake rates estimated from successive measurements of absorbed amounts. Dry matter production of whole plants was unaffected by elevated [CO(2)] in the first year of treatment, but increased significantly in response to elevated [CO(2)] in the second year. In contrast, elevated [CO(2)] increased the root to shoot ratio and fine root dry mass in the first year, but not in the second year. Elevated [CO(2)] had no effect on tissue N, P and K concentrations. Uptake rates of N, P and K correlated with whole-plant relative growth rates, but were unaffected by growth [CO(2)], as was ectomycorrhizal colonization, a factor assumed to be important for nutrient uptake in trees. We conclude that improved growth of Larix kaempferi in response to elevated [CO(2)] is accompanied by increased root biomass, but not by increased root activity. 相似文献
158.
Relations between various extracted basic densities and wood chemical components were investigated by their within-tree variations in Eucalyptus globulus for assistance in the prediction of the properties of wood or wood-derived products. Extraneous compounds affect the relations between various basic densities and wood chemical components such as holocellulose and the lignin syringyl/guaiacyl ratio. We also discuss the relation of various densities, the molar composition of neutral sugars constituting hemicellulose, and fiber morphology. 相似文献
159.
Sugimoto M Kaneko M Onuma H Sakaguchi Y Mori M Abe S Soga T Tomita M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(10):2586-2593
Japanese sake (rice wine) is commonly heat treated (pasteurized) to maintain its quality. In this study, temporal changes in the metabolite profiles of pasteurized and unpasteurized sake were investigated during storage. Metabolomic analyses were conducted for eight sets of pasteurized and unpasteurized sake obtained from single process batches stored at 8 or 20 °C for 0, 1, 2, or 4 months. Capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry were used to obtain charged metabolite and sugar profiles, respectively. The total amino acid concentration decreased with storage, and the decrease was faster in pasteurized sake than in unpasteurized. The organic acid concentrations were relatively constant in both types of sake. Peptide and glucose concentrations increased and polysaccharide concentrations decreased in unpasteurized sake, while they were relatively constant in pasteurized sake. Rather than stabilizing the sake metabolite profile during storage, pasteurization results in characteristic changes compared to unpasteurized sake. 相似文献
160.
Kanae Ashida Etsuko Araki Wakako Maruyama-Funatsuki Hiroyuki Fujimoto Masaru Ikegami 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013
The starch and protein properties of rice grain are important factors for sake brewing and these properties are reported to be influenced by temperatures during grain ripening. Amylose content, nitrogen content, protein composition, pasting properties measured by a Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA), and their relationship to temperatures during ripening were investigated in a rice cultivar, Yamadanishiki, which was grown under various conditions in the same experimental field. The average temperature after heading was significantly correlated with amylose content and RVA properties, but not with nitrogen content. Under high temperatures during ripening, a decrease in prolamin, which accumulated in type I protein body (PB-I), and an increase in glutelin, which deposits in type II PB (PB-II), were recognized. The ratio of PB-II/PB-I and RVA pasting temperatures were distinctly increased as the temperature became higher. High temperatures during grain ripening would lead to difficulties in digesting steamed rice grains by Aspergillus oryzae, together with ease in digesting rice protein. The average temperature of 11–20 days after heading showed a higher correlation coefficient than that of 1–10 or 21–30 days, implying that temperatures during the middle stage of grain development would be important in determining the rice component that relates to brewing properties. 相似文献