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91.
92.
Hideki Endo Masataka Yoshida Truong Son Nguyen Yuki Akiba Masahiro Takeda Kohei Kudo 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2019,48(1):3-11
Semiaquatic walking has resulted in the evolution of functional and morphological changes in various hoofed mammals, such as hippopotamus and Brazilian tapir. The biomechanics of skilful walking in wetlands or at the bottom of a waterbody involve the medio‐lateral opening and closing of the feet to effectively support and stabilize the body on soft ground and to reduce the water resistance during recovery stroke, respectively. We demonstrate that the opening and closing of the feet in hippopotamus and Brazilian tapir are mediated by the adduction and abduction of the most medial and lateral phalanges from the CT examination. The axial toes, metacarpals and metatarsals do not contribute to changes in the width and shape of the feet, unlike the medial and lateral toes. We suggest that this semiaquatic walking motion is derived from the original terrestrial mode of locomotion, in contrast to the highly functional swimming motion using webs or fins in morphologically modified feet and tail. From the present data we demonstrate that semiaquatic locomotion evolved due to the acquisition of adductor–abductor mobility in the phalanges of the most medial and lateral digits, as shown in hippopotamus and Brazilian tapir. 相似文献
93.
Comparison and phylogenetic analysis of the heat shock protein 70 gene of Babesia parasites from dogs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yamasaki M Inokuma H Sugimoto C Shaw SE Aktas M Yabsley MJ Yamato O Maede Y 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,145(3-4):217-227
The heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) genes of Babesia gibsoni, B. canis canis, B. canis vogeli, and B. canis rossi isolated from infected dogs were cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. In the nucleotide sequence and the predicted amino acid sequence of the gene, the parasites were very similar to each other. The nucleotide sequences of the hsp70 gene had more variety than those of 18S nuclear subunit ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA). A phylogenetic analysis of these sequences and comparisons with sequences from other Babesia and Theileria species revealed that all canine babesial isolates analyzed in the present study were closely related to each other and formed one cluster. Additionally, a phylogenetic analysis of Babesia and Theileria species showed that these parasites could be divided into three groups: group A including canine babesial isolates, B. divergens, B. odocoilei, B. bovis, B. caballi, and B. ovis; group B including Theileria annulata, T. orientalis, and T. cervi; and group C including B. microti and B. rodhaini. These results suggested that a phylogenetic analysis of the hsp70 gene sequence might be helpful in classifying Babesia and Theileria species, and that canine babesial isolates might be closely related to each other, indicating their evolution from the same ancestry. 相似文献
94.
Jean Fall Gunimala Chakraborty Tomoya Kono Minoru Maeda Yoshihiro Suzuki Toshiaki Itami Masahiro Sakai 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(1):129-134
Vibrio nigripulchritudo is considered one of the major pathogens threatening shrimp aquaculture. In this study, we developed a novel and highly specific
quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (Q-LAMP) assay. A set of four specific primers were designed targeting
the V. nigripulchritudo intergenic spacer region. The reaction time and temperature were optimized for 60 min at 63°C. Quantitative analysis was
then performed by measuring the turbidity of the reaction solution using a real-time turbidimeter, allowing for quantification
of the initial DNA concentration with a sensitivity of 102 copy numbers equivalent to 2.3 colony forming units/ml or 0.3 fg/μl. The LAMP assay was able to specifically detect two representative
strains of V. nigripulchritudo, whereas other Vibrio and non-Vibrio species were not amplified. A standard curve was generated for V. nigripulchritudo by plotting the threshold time (T
t) versus the log of bacterial number. A high correlation coefficient (R
2 = 0.9749) was observed for the Q-LAMP reaction. In conclusion, Q-LAMP assay is a sensitive, rapid, and simple tool that can
be used for the detection and quantification of V. nigripulchritudo in shrimp, thereby facilitating surveillance of vibriosis infection. 相似文献
95.
Aki Namba Yuya Shigenobu Masahiro Kobayashi Takanori Kobayashi Ichiro Oohara 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):873-878
To construct high-quality 16S rDNA clone libraries for microbial communities associated with Porphyra yezoensis and to minimize the detection of rDNA from leafy gametophytes of P. yezoensis, we designed a new 16S rDNA universal primer (75F). Of the clones prepared using 75F, which was designed to distinguish between
bacteria and P. yezoensis, 95% were classified into four groups, namely, β-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Flavobacteria. PCR-based analysis of the 16S rDNA primer constructed in this study can be used to implement 16S rDNA-based methodologies
for the investigation of microbial community composition and diversity related to the Porphyra group. 相似文献
96.
Hidekatsu SHIMAKURA Tadahiro NASUKAWA Jumpei UCHIYAMA Ryosuke SUGIMOTO Ichiro IMANISHI Sumire OOTA Keijiro MIZUKAMI Masato FUJIMURA Masahiro SAKAGUCHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(10):1509
We investigated the IgE reactivity to crude and purified milk antigens in the sera of 112 dogs with cutaneous adverse food reactions (CAFRs). Of the 112 dogs, 33 (29%) had specific IgE for crude milk antigens. In the dogs with milk-specific IgE, IgE reactivity to casein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and bovine IgG were 81%, 85%, 39%, 27%, and 35%, respectively. Casein and BSA may be important allergens in dogs with CAFRs. Some canine vaccines contain casein hydrolysate as a stabilizer and the pooled serum with anti-casein IgE showed IgE reactivity to the vaccines containing it. Information about IgE reactivity to casein in dogs with CAFRs could be useful for predicting adverse reactions to the vaccines including casein hydrolysate. 相似文献
97.
Tomonari Kotani Teruhisa Genka Hiroshi Fushimi Masahiro Hayashi Kristof Dierckens Patrick Sorgeloos 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(4):975-984
This study aimed at comparing fatty acid contents of rotifers cultured with different methods after nutritional enrichment
in order to evaluate the rotifer quality produced by these methods. Rotifers were cultured using either a batch or a continuous
culture. From the batch culture, three experimental subpopulations were used, sampled from the culture at 1, 24, and 48 h
after rotifer inoculation. The continuous culture was performed with two tanks; one was for cultivation with continuous feeding
and water supply (cultivation tank), and another was for harvesting from the cultivation tank by overflow (harvest tank).
From the continuous culture, two subpopulations were used: one from the cultivation and one from the harvest tank. Nutritional
enrichment was performed after each culture. Each population was enriched with Nannochloropsis oculata or a commercial enrichment diet. When the enrichment was performed with N. oculata on populations at 24 h after inoculation originating from either of the two tanks of continuous culture or the batch culture
tank, a higher quantity of arachidonic acid (ARA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was obtained from the two tanks of continuous
culture. The same results were obtained when enrichment diet was used, this time including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). 相似文献
98.
Yohei Nakamura Masahiro Horinouchi Mitsuhiko Sano Takuro Shibuno 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(6):1401-1408
Whilst the importance of seagrass beds as nurseries for coral reef fishes has been clearly recognized, the vast majority of
early studies on fish nursery habitats emphasized the close proximity of the latter to coral reefs. To determine the potential
nursery role of isolated seagrass beds, we investigated the degree to which juvenile emperor fishes (Lethrinidae) utilized
seagrass beds in the presence/absence of adjacent coral habitats at Ishigaki Island (southern Japan), such fishes being known
to use seagrass beds as nurseries. Seagrass beds in close proximity to coral habitats (distance between the two habitats of
50–200 m) had greater densities of lethrinid juveniles than those without adjacent coral habitats (2.5–4 km) for 3 different
sites investigated, although a significant difference was obtained only for 1 site. Juveniles of Lethrinus atkinsoni, L. obsoletus, L. harak, and L. nebulosus were observed in seagrass beds with and without adjacent coral habitats, whereas L. ornatus occurred only in the former. Overall, most lethrinid juveniles utilize seagrass beds irrespective of the presence of adjacent
adult coral habitat, suggesting that both types of seagrass beds would contribute to lethrinid adult populations. Therefore,
management efforts for lethrinid populations should be applied not only to contiguous coral-seagrass habitat systems but also
to isolated habitats. 相似文献
99.
Ryo TAKEUCHI Satoshi TAKAGI Kenji HOSOYA Hiroshi OHTA Takaharu ITAMI Masahiro OKUMURA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(11):1740
Canine gastroesophageal intussusception (GEI) is a rare and life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. A 19-day-old Siberian Husky with a 4-day history of regurgitation was diagnosed with GEI based on the findings of computed tomography (CT) performed without anesthesia. Endoscopic reduction of intussusception was impossible; thus, surgical reduction by traction of the duodenum was performed. CT revealed improvement of megaesophagus 82 days postoperatively. Eleven months postoperatively, fluoroscopy showed recovery to nearly normal esophageal motility. Two years postoperatively, no clinical signs were reported. CT is useful to diagnose GEI in neonate puppies with poor abdominal fat and to assess the gastric edema and the anatomical association of stomach with other organs. Fluoroscopy is helpful for evaluating postoperative esophageal motility. 相似文献
100.
Muh Ali Arsyad Takashi Akazawa Chie Nozaki Makoto Yoshida Kenichi Oyama Tatsuo Mukai Masahiro Ogawa 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2018,44(5):1299-1308
Olive leaf is known to have the high polyphenol content of 6–9% in dry weight. We investigated the effects of olive leaf powder (OLP) supplemented to fish feed on muscle protein of red sea bream (Pagrus major). Fish reared with feed containing 8% OLP for 40 days had 1.4 times higher myofibril content and 2.2 times higher acid-soluble collagen content than fish reared with control feed for the same period. On the other hand, sarcoplasmic protein content and collagenase activity of the muscle were almost the same between the control fish and OLP-diet fish. Microstructure observation of fish muscle showed that OLP-diet fish has more rigid endomysium structure than that of the control-diet fish. Since collagen fiber in endomysium is responsible for the texture of the muscle, feeding OLP to aquaculture fish will lead to a harder muscle texture. The present study suggests that OLP is a useful feed additive to enhance the texture of aquaculture red sea bream muscle through strengthening of the collagen structure in the muscle. 相似文献