不同播期、密度和肥料对菜用板蓝根产量及品质的影响

为探索菜用板蓝根在毕节地区的优质高产栽培措施,通过田间试验研究菜用板蓝根不同播期、密度和氮钾肥施用量对产量及品质的影响。结果表明,在毕节地区,菜用板蓝根适宜播期为4月30日左右,种植密度为50．025～66．70万株/hm2,钾肥施用量为150～300 kg/hm2,氮肥施用量为778 kg/hm2左右,在此栽培条件下,产量可达73947．96～76749．35 kg/hm2,且品质较好,蛋白质、脂肪、水溶性糖及维生素含量较高,粗纤维含量较低。     

基于污染足迹的太湖流域稻作农业污染评估--以常州市和宜兴市为例

稻作农业在保障粮食安全方面贡献巨大,但因经济利益驱动,化肥农药被过量施用,造成了氮、磷等营养物质流失,对水环境产生严重影响。本文基于全国第一次污染普查数据,结合各类污染物的产排污系数计算了稻作农业COD、TN和TP入河量,通过污染足迹模型计算了稻作农业COD、TN和TP的污染足迹,通过污染压力模型计算了稻作农业COD、TN和TP的污染压力指数,并对其进行评估。结果表明:(1)常州市、宜兴市稻作农业生产过程中向水环境排放的污染物中以COD和TN为主,其入河量分别为792.96 t·a^-1和605.28 t·a^-1,TP入河量为27.16 t·a^-1;(2)常州市、宜兴市稻作农业TN污染足迹最大(3 944.50 hm²),其次为TP污染足迹(2 578.95 hm²),最小的是COD污染足迹(523.52 hm²);(3)常州市、宜兴市稻作农业对水环境的污染压力指数为2.10,处于中度污染压力状况,表明常州市、宜兴市稻作农业生产活动超出了当地水域的承载能力,对当地水环境产生了压力。     

磁性液体的场致光透射驰豫回复性研究

用Massart法制备了Ni2O3/Fe2O3复合微粒磁性液体.测量了磁性液体在不同强度的外磁场作用下,沿磁场方向的光透射率随磁场通断而下降、上升的重复变化曲线.发现通磁场后光透射强度的下降速率与断磁场后光透射强度的回复速率随通断磁场重复次数变化,并趋于一致.从磁性液体的微结构变化探讨了导致这种现象的内在因素.     

水果型番木瓜组织培养的研究

[目的]研究水果型番木瓜的组织培养。[方法]以经预处理的种子为试材,通过MS基本培养基附加不同浓度的6-BA和IBA,对水果型番木瓜组培快繁技术进行了研究。[结果]无菌条件下用75%酒精均匀擦拭水果型番木瓜果皮表面,取出种子,用无菌水冲洗3次是较好的灭菌方法,种子污染率仅为2.52%;水果型番木瓜种子经1000mg/LGA3＋1mg/L6-BA（等体积混合）浸泡18h后接种于MS培养基中培养,种子发芽率、胚芽长度、胚根长度和苗高达到较高值,分别为68.42%、2.25、0.80和1.52cm,幼苗整体生长较好;继代增殖培养基为MS＋0.5mg/L6-BA＋0.1mg/LIBA时增殖系数最高（7.92）,幼苗长势较好;组培苗玻璃化随着光照强度的增强而呈减弱趋势,3000lx处理下玻璃化苗比率最低（3.21%）。[结论]该研究为水果型番木瓜的组培快繁研究提供了参考。     

Sodium dichloroacetate improves radiosensitivity of U251 cells

AIM: To study the change of radiosensitivity of U251 cells after treated with sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) and further to explore the possible mechanism.METHODS: The U251 cells were divided into 4 groups: control group, DCA group, X-ray irradiation without DCA pretreatment (IR) group and X-ray irradiation with DCA pretreatment (DIR) group. MTT assay was applied to determine the cell viability. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by DHE fluorescence. The expression level of Bcl-2 was assessed by Western blot. The percentage of apoptosis of cells was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: No difference between control group and DCA group in cell viability (P>0.05) was observed. However, the cell viability of both IR group and DIR group was markedly reduced compared with control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the viability of DIR group was significantly decreased compared with IR group (P<0.05). The percentage of ROS positive cells was obviously increased in DIR group compared with IR group (P<0.05). The expression level of Bcl-2 was sharply decreased in DIR group (P<0.05) and the percentage of apoptosis of cells was significantly elevated (P<0.05) in DIR group compared with IR group.CONCLUSION: The better antitumor effect was obtained by improving the radiosensitivity through pretreating the cells with DCA, and the possible mechanism was down-regulation of the Bcl-2 expression by developing the intracellular ROS.     

山桐子作为木本油料资源的开发潜力

通过对我国食用油安全隐患的深入分析,指出我国木本粮油资源开发的必要性与紧迫性,进而通过对山桐子作为木本粮油资源的优势分析(适应性强,产量大,含油率高,油质好,种植不占用耕地,兼具用材、景观和生态价值),阐述了山桐子作为木本粮油资源的巨大潜力,最后对山桐子的规模性开发提出了技术上和政策上的建议.     

水稻田土壤硫酸盐还原活性的测定及其影响因子的研究

用显色比色测定法研究影响测定黄松稻田土壤硫酸盐还原活性的因素。结果表明水稻田土壤的含水量、培养温度和时间、硫酸盐的加入量和碳源物质对测定水稻田土壤硫酸盐还原活性有显著性影响。显色比色法测定水稻田土壤硫酸盐还原活性的最适条件为:土壤含水量(W/W％)在35％左右、培养时间为24h、培养温度为28℃、加入硫酸钠的最适量应在500μg/g干土左右。     

Research on Growth Behavior of Embryos for Bovine and Murine on Primary Murine Embryos Fibroblast Cell Feeder Layer

The difference in growth behavior between bovine embryos and murine embryos was studied on PMEF(primary murine embryos fibroblast)feeder layer. The results showed as follows: With embryos having attached, bovine embryonic trophoblast formed a transparent membranous structure covering on inner cell mass (ICM), however, murine embryonic trophoblast formed disc structure. Bovine embryos formed four kinds of ICM colonies with different morphology including the mass-like, the net-like, the stream-like and the mixture-like colonies. Compared with Murine ICM, the bovine ICM grew more fast. So, the bovine ICM was passaged at first after a culture of approximately 5 - 6 days in vitro, but murine ICM was passaged at first after an attachment of 3 - 4 days on PMEF feeder layer. The mixture colonies of bovine ICM differentiated very early, while the others differentiated very late. Most ICM-like mass of Bovine grew in a defined spot, but bovine ICMs like stream and ICMs like net proliferated fast and dispersed quickly. We found that the single blastomeres derived from late bovine morula and late murine morula formed sub-blastophere; moreover, the bovine ICM cell would differentiate rapidly if the trophoblast was removed.     

条斑紫菜叶状体色落症的初步研究

通过海区采样，运用光镜和电镜观察等实验方法，研究了条斑紫菜叶状体色落症，并对患病紫菜加工成的干品进行了初步的品质分析。光镜检查结果表明，患病藻体细胞的液泡很大，色素体萎缩或是挤向细胞边缘，藻体基部死亡细胞较多；电镜下患病藻体细胞的红藻淀粉颗粒增多。品质分析显示，患色落症干紫菜的总糖含量明显高于正常干紫菜，粗蛋白、脂肪、色素和游离氨基酸等指标均比正常干紫菜低，尤其是三种呈味氨基酸（Asp，Glu和Ala）所占比例非常低，由此造成紫菜品质低劣，对紫菜质量的影响较大。对健康藻体和患病藻体进行红外线活体吸收光谱的测定结果也表明，患色落症的藻体色素含量极低。用添加营养盐的海水对患色落症的藻体进行培养，发现6d后藻体色泽均有不同程度的恢复，藻体细胞也逐渐恢复到正常。     

水稻簇生穗突变体的鉴定及遗传

对回交转育的簇生穗品系CL－802、自然簇生穗突变体麦疑稻、人工诱导簇生穗突变体双科早系列和中花11系列进行观察和比较，发现人工诱导产生的簇生穗突变体具有粒长变短、长宽比变小的特点，而自然簇生穗突变体不存在这种现象，以簇生穗突变体麦颖稻为亲本，与正常穗型水稻品种杂交所得的F1代、F2代进行系统分析，结果表明，F1代表现簇生但簇生程度较亲本麦颖稻轻，为中间类型；F2代产生簇生型、中间型和正常型的分离，组合分离比有些符合1：2：1，有些不符，其正常穗型的比例在30％－40％之间。麦颖稻的簇生穗性状表现为部分显性。