桦木酸对小鼠血液指标及免疫器官指数的影响

目的:研究桦木酸对小鼠血液指标的影响。方法:将健康昆明系小鼠28只,随机分为空白对照组及桦木酸0.25、0.5、1.0mg/mL组,灌胃给药,1次/d,连续14d。后检测桦木酸对小鼠免疫器官指数、血液指标以及血清溶菌酶活性的影响。结果:桦木酸能提高机体的免疫器官指数;使白细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞数目等血液指标显著升高,并呈现量效关系;桦木酸还能够提高血清溶菌酶活性(P0.01)。结论:桦木酸对小鼠血液指标及免疫器官指数升高有积极作用。     

饲粮中添加不同组合非淀粉多糖酶制剂对1～21日龄肉仔鸡小肠黏膜结构及其养分表观利用率的影响

本文旨在研究小麦-豆粕型饲粮中添加不同组合的非淀粉多糖酶制剂对1～21日龄肉仔鸡生产性能、养分表观利用率及小肠黏膜形态结构的影响.选用1日龄AA肉鸡360羽,随机分为6组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只鸡.对照组饲喂基础饲粮、低能对照组饲喂低能饲粮,4个酶制剂添加组饲喂低能饲粮+0.01%酶制剂(酶制剂1组:木聚糖酶,酶制剂2组:木聚糖酶+β-葡聚糖酶,酶制剂3组:木聚糖酶+β-葡聚糖酶+β-甘露聚糖酶,酶制剂4组:木聚糖酶+β-葡聚糖酶+β-甘露聚糖酶+纤维素酶),饲养试验时间21 d.结果显示:1)酶制剂2组、酶制剂3组和酶制剂4组3种酶制剂添加组肉仔鸡的日增重和饲料表观利用率比低能对照组显著提高(P<0.05),其中酶制剂3组和酶制剂4组肉仔鸡的日增重和饲料表观利用率与正常对照组差异不显著(P>0.05).2)酶制剂3组、酶制剂4组肉仔鸡的蛋白质和能量表观利用率显著高于低能对照组(P<0.05),与正常对照组无显著差异(P>0.05).3)添加酶制剂后能使21日龄肉仔鸡小肠黏膜厚度和绒毛长度增加,隐窝深度降低,其中酶制剂4组对空肠黏膜形态结构有较好改善作用,酶制剂3组对回肠黏膜形态结构效果最好(P<0.05),各酶制剂组对十二指肠黏膜形态结构无显著影响(P>0.05).这表明酶制剂3组和酶制剂4组能提高能量表观利用率,改善低能饲粮下肉仔鸡的小肠黏膜形态结构,使肉仔鸡的生产性能提高到正常饲养水平.     

黄藤素研究进展

黄藤素是中国自行研制的纯天然植物药,主要用于治疗妇科炎症、外科感染、菌痢、肠炎、呼吸道及泌尿道感染、眼结膜炎等。作者就近年来黄藤素的提取及人工合成研究、检测方法、药理作用进行综述,以期为黄藤素作为新兽药的开发利用提供参考。     

实验性脾虚证大白鼠酶组织化学研究

将45只大白鼠随机分成3组，即实验组、治疗组及对照组，每组15只。以利血平致大白鼠脾虚证模型，分阶段捕杀动物，取肝脏、胃、十二指肠，用酶组织化学方法测定酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶(G-6-Pase)活性的变化。结果表明：实验组、治疗组、正常对照组各酶活性均发生了变化，在第7天、第14天时组内各酶存在着动态学上的变化。治疗组各酶活性接近正常对照组，说明四君子汤具明显的治疗作用。     

家蚕G蛋白γ1亚基(BmGγ1)的克隆及其谷胱甘肽硫转移酶融合蛋白的表达与纯化

异三元G蛋白是真核细胞感知外界信号后将信号传递到胞内的重要分子,参与生物体广泛的信号转导。为了研究家蚕体内G蛋白的生理功能及其作用机制,运用生物信息学方法预测了家蚕G蛋白γ1亚基(Gγ1)的序列,设计引物验证预测序列后,克隆了家蚕Gγ1的序列,再通过酶切克隆至表达载体pET-41b(+)后,导入E.coliBL21宿主菌中,经异丙基β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达重组谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(glutathione s-transferase,GST)融合蛋白,并亲和层析纯化表达产物。家蚕Gγ1重组GST融合蛋白经SDS-PAGE电泳和Western blot分析,在分子质量约36 kD处出现特异性蛋白条带,重组蛋白经GST亲和层析柱纯化后,得到了高纯度的融合蛋白,说明已经成功克隆到家蚕Gγ1基因,并在E.coliBL21中高效表达。     

NaOH与超声联合预处理玉米秸秆实验条件优化研究

试验选用超声与NaOH法对玉米秸秆进行联合预处理,通过分析预处理后秸秆还原糖含量、组分变化量、厌氧发酵产气量等参数,对预处理的条件进行优化.试验结果表明:3％ NaOH浓度,浸泡时间为48 h,超声功率为80 W,超声温度为50℃的预处理条件下,还原糖含量较高,为0.0947 g·g-1.联合试验组产气量比单一超声处理...     

基于氮元素循环利用的鱼粪生化处理工艺研究

为探究鱼菜共生系统中适宜氮元素高效循环利用的鱼粪生化处理工艺,设置厌氧和好氧两种工艺对鱼粪进行生化处理,每种工艺设置三个反应温度,三个鱼粪TS浓度,研究不同工艺处理后鱼粪液中氮元素变化规律以及鱼粪液对生菜生长的影响。结果表明,经厌氧处理后的鱼粪液铵硝比增大,经好氧处理后的鱼粪液铵硝比降至1.0以下,TS浓度3.0-3.5%的鱼粪经35.0℃好氧处理后水培生菜的生长速率最优,说明最适宜生菜生长的鱼粪生化处理工艺为：原鱼粪TS浓度3.0-3.5%,经35.0℃好氧工艺处理10天。     

Corticosterone inhibits LPS-induced expression of NLRP3 in mouse macrophages and its relation with XO

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of corticosterone (CORT) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and its relation with xanthine oxidase (XO). METHODS: An inflammatory model of mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 was established by stimulating with LPS. Total cellular protein was extracted after the macrophages were treated with CORT at different concentrations (0~900 μg/L). The protein levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were determined by Western blot. According to the treatments, the macrophages were divided into control group, LPS group, LPS+CORT group and LPS+allopurinol group. Cell components were extracted at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 h. The protein levels of NLRP3 and XO were determined by Western blot,and the mRNA expression of NLRP3 and XO was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: CORT at 700 μg/L and above significantly inhibited the expression of NLRP3 and the activation of caspase-1 in the macrophages induced by LPS (P<0.05). Compared with LPS group, the expression of NLRP3 and XO in LPS+CORT group was inhibited (P<0.05), and the expression of NLRP3 in LPS+allopurinol group was also reduced (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: High concentration of CORT inhibits the expression of NLRP3 in LPS-induced mouse macrophages, which is associated with XO. The inhibitory effect of CORT may be related to the reduction of XO expression.     

Effects of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor zileuton on destruction of blood-brain barrier permeability induced by focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

AIM: To investigate the influential factors of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and to observe the effects of zileuton, a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (5-LO), on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).METHODS: The right middle cerebral artery of the rat was occluded by inserting a thread through internal carotid artery for 2 h, and then reperfused for 24 h. Zileuton (10, 50 mg·kg-1, po) was orally administered 2 h before ischemia and at 0, 5, 10 h after reperfusion. The permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB) was detected by using Evans blue (EB) as a labelling compound. The degree of cerebral edema was estimated by AutoCAD image analysis software. The mRNA of cysteiny leukotrienes receptor1 (CysLTR1) was detected by RT-PCR. The content of LTB4 in serum was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins were measured by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS: After middle cerebral artery occlussion 2 h/reperfusion 24 h, the permeability of BBB in the brain tissue of injured side and the brain edema degree were increased. The content of LTB4 in serum was elevated. The expression of CysLTR1 mRNA from the brain tissue of occluded side was enhanced. The expressions of MMP-9 and AQP4 proteins of the ischemia realm and ischemia penumbra (IP) of the infarct focus perimeter were increased. Both 10 and 50 mg·kg-1 doses of zileuton dramatically relieved the BBB permeability destruction and the degree of the brain edema, inhibited the expression of CysLTR1 mRNA in the brain tissue and also reduced the content of LTB4 in serum. The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins in the brain tissue were also decreased.CONCLUSION: The permeability of BBB is destroyed after the focal CIRI. The mechanisms of protective effect of zileuton might be attributed to its effects by inhibiting the activation of 5-LO pathways on the brain tissue and circulatory blood, reducing the expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins of the ischemia and IP realm in the brain tissue.     

基于[火用]方法的空调冷热源系统优化决策

结合方法和热经济学原理建立了空调冷热源系统的分析模型,阐述了产品成本是评价冷热源系统方案优劣的关键因素.采用多目标模糊决策方法,综合考虑了单位产品成本、初投资、技术先进性、安装面积、运行安全可靠性、维护管理难易程度和环保性等多种影响因素,基于方法的冷热源优化决策算法.通过应用实例,说明了此新优化决策算法相比工程中传统决策方法,可靠性更高,使各决策方案间优劣区分度更加明显。