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121.
122.
Nitrous oxide emissions from paddy fields under different water managements in southeast China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Shizhang Peng Huijing Hou Junzeng Xu Zhi Mao Shalamu Abudu Yufeng Luo 《Paddy and Water Environment》2011,9(4):403-411
Water management is recognized as one of the most important factors in regulating nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from paddy fields. In China, controlled irrigation (CI) is widely applied because it has been proved highly effective
in saving water. During the rice-growing season, the soil in CI paddy fields remains dry 60–80% of the time compared with
soil irrigated by traditional methods. This study aims to assess N2O emissions from paddy fields under CI, with traditional irrigation (TI) as the control. The cumulative N2O emission from CI paddy fields was 2.5 kg N ha−1, which was significantly greater than that from TI paddy fields (1.0 kg N ha−1) (P < 0.05). Soil drying caused substantial N2O emissions. The majority (73.9%) of the cumulative N2O emission from CI paddy fields was observed during the drying phase, whereas no substantial N2O emissions were observed when the soil was re-wetted after the drying phase. More and significantly higher peaks of N2O emissions from CI paddy fields (P < 0.05) were also detected. These peaks were observed ~8 days after fertilizer application at water-filled pore spaces (WFPS)
ranging from 78.0 to 83.5%, soil temperature ranging from 29.1 to 29.4°C, and soil redox potential (Eh) values ranging from
+207.5 to +256.7 mV. The highest N2O emission was measured 8 days after the application of base fertilizer at a WFPS of 79.0%, soil temperature of 29.1°C, and
soil Eh value of +207.5 mV. These results suggest that N2O emissions may be reduced obviously by keeping the WFPS higher than 83.5% within 10 days after each fertilizer application,
especially when the soil temperature is suitable. 相似文献
123.
Crossability percentages of bread wheat landraces from Sichuan Province,China with rye 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary The crossabilities of 177 landraces of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from Sichuan Basin and its adjacent mountain ranges with rye (Secale cereale L.) have been tested. 16 landraces possess a higher crossability than Chinese Spring, 34 landraces have a similar and 127 landraces have a lower crossability than Chinese Spring or are non-crossable with rye. Most landraces with high crossability occur in Qinling Mountain and Dabashan Mountain Ranges in north of Sichuan and the valleys of Minjiang River, Fujiang River and Jialinjiang River in Sichuan Basin. 相似文献
124.
不同采伐强度对闽西常绿阔叶林林分结构稳定性的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用多样性分析方法和改进后的 M.Godron 稳定性测定方法研究常绿阔叶林5种不同强度采伐(弱度9.8%、中度24.5%,强度46.8%和极强度72.3%和皆伐)作业10 a后林分结构稳定性.结果表明,择伐林地林分处于稳定状态,随着择伐强度的增强,林分的稳定性开始逐渐降低.皆伐林地林分处于不稳定状态.对于常绿阔叶林的科学经营,从稳定性出发,应尽量采取择伐方式,尤其是中低强度的择伐方式. 相似文献
125.
126.
Huanhuan Yu Wei Xing Tieliang Li Guanling Xu Zhihong Ma Na Jiang Lin Luo 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(5):1419-1430
An 8‐week trial was conducted to determine the effects of total replacement of 12.9% fish oil (FO) with soybean oil (SBO), peanut oil (PNO), sunflower seed oil (SFSO), corn oil (CO) and canola oil (CNO) on growth performance, health status and fillet fatty acid composition of hybrid sturgeon (194.28 ± 0.14 g). Compared to the FO group, dietary SBO decreased growth performance (p < .05), increased serum glucose and hepatic lipid content (p < .05). No obvious adverse effects on growth performance and health status were observed in PNO, SFSO and CO groups (p > 0.05). The fish fed with CNO had increased growth performance (p < .05), reduced serum ALT, AST, LDL‐C (p < .05) and enhanced serum GSH‐Px, T‐AOC, and LZM, MPO, C4 (p < .05). The contents of C18:1n9, C18:2n6, and ∑n‐3 PUFA and ∑n‐6 PUFA in fillets showed a positive linear correlation with the diets (p < .05). In summary, PNO, SFSO and CO are probable alternative lipid sources to fully replace FO. Hybrid sturgeon prefers to use CNO as a lipid source with improved growth performance and health status. The fillet fatty acid composition mirrors the dietary fatty acid composition. 相似文献
127.
Guozhi Luo Zefeng Liu Jinfang Gao Zhiwei Hou Hongxin Tan 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(3):773-784
A denitrification reactor packed with polycaprolactone (PCL) as a carbon source and biofilm carrier was developed to remove nitrate nitrogen (\( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \)) from the water of a recirculating aquaculture system for 115 days. The hydraulic retention time was set to 6 h, and the water flow rate was 0.95 L h?1. The removal rates of \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \) ranged from 34.67 to 155.7 g \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \) m?3 day?1 when the effluent \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-}-\mathrm{N} \) concentrations ranged between 1.62 and 72.25 mg L?1. No obvious changes in the Fourier transform infrared spectra of the PCL before and after use were observed. Bacterial community structure in the biofilm of the PCL granules was analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were predominant in the biofilm, with relative abundances of 63.9 and 27.4%, respectively. Three genera, Acidovorax, Azospira, and Diaphorobacter, were capable of both denitrification and PCL degradation. This study indicates that PCL-packed reactors may be used and optimized for removing nitrate from aquaculture effluents. 相似文献
128.
129.
《社会调查》课程教学刍议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
社会调查是一门方法性学科,强调实用性,因此在该学科的教学过程中,在教学内容上应该精心挑选教学内容,淡化理论教学强调实际运用,在教学方法上可考虑运用模拟教学法和实践教学法,并采纳相应的考核方式. 相似文献
130.