转录组解析白三叶根际溶磷菌株RW8的解磷机制

采用转录组测序的方法分析了白三叶根际溶磷菌RW8在含有难溶磷(A组)、可溶磷(B组)与无磷(C组)培养条件下差异基因表达。以可溶磷为对照,在难溶磷条件下,分别检测到4782个基因在RW8中上调表达,447个基因下调表达;在无磷组中,共检测到3630个基因上调表达,209个基因下调表达。GO基因注释发现RW8在A组和C组中的差异基因聚类基本相同。生物学过程主要聚类在代谢过程、细胞过程、单细胞过程、刺激应答、定位以及生物反应调节;细胞组分主要聚类在细胞组分、细胞膜、膜组分与高分子配合体等;分子功能主要聚类在催化活性、结合功能与转运功能。代谢途径分析发现2-α-氧代羧、α-亚麻酸、五碳二元酸、脂肪酸、甘氨酸-丝氨酸-蛋氨酸以及缬氨酸-亮氨酸-异亮氨酸等代谢途径的基因显著被富集。挑选10个差异基因并用荧光定量检测其在A、B、C 3种不同培养条件下的基因表达,发现所有挑选基因的表达变化与转录组结果变化趋势相同。液相色谱检测有机酸组成及含量,发现在A组和C组中乳酸、琥珀酸与柠檬酸显著高于B组,富马酸与苹果酸的含量在C组中显著升高, A组与B组差异不显著;α-酮戊二酸的含量在A组中显著增高, B组和C组差异不显著。     

Selection of immunodominant mimics of IROMP-99 of rabbit Pasteurella multocida from a random 12-peptide library

A random 12-peptide library was used to screen immunodominant mimics of 99kDa iron-regulated outer membrane protein (IROMP-99) of rabbit Pasteurella multocida. In the present study, expression of IROMPs of rabbit P. multocida strain C51-12 were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and Western blot to determine the specificity of rat antiserum antibodies against IROMP-99. Only IROMP-99 whose expression was induced under iron-restricted conditions was detected on nitrocellulose paper. The phage display library was screened with rat normal and IROMP-99-specific antiserum. The positive phage clones were identified using enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) and inhibition assays for their reactivity to the antiserum. Out of the 18 randomly selected positive clones that showed higher reactivity to rat antiserum, only ten clones efficaciously inhibited binding of rat antisera to IROMPs and their displayed peptides were determined. Alignment using DNAStar-MegAlign software, results showed that motif WHxTxP was highly conserved among nine clones, only clone A7 had no obvious linear homology with either. Our findings suggest that the motif WHxTxP could be an immunodominant mimic epitope of IROMP-99 of rabbit P. multocida strain C51-12.     

饲料行业的新形势与应对

10月17-18日,中国饲料工业协会第五届理事会第二次全会暨第四届大型企业联谊会在扬州召开。会议指出,十七大的胜利召开,为饲料企业发展带来新机遇,企业要以此为契机,以科学发展观为指导,以确保饲料产品质量安全为主线,争取加快发展,做强做大,为饲料工业发展做出更大贡献。会议期间,针对饲料行业的新形势与协会的工作、产业发展等业内普遍关注的问题,本刊记者采访了部分与会领导和知名企业家,对精彩观点节录成文,以飨读者。     

Evaluation of agreement between numerical rating scales, visual analogue scoring scales, and force plate gait analysis in dogs

Objective— To evaluate the accuracy of numerical rating (NRS) and visual analogue (VAS) scoring scales compared with force plate gait analysis and agreement between observers for each scoring scale.
Study Design— Experimental study.
Animals— Mixed breed dogs (n=21) with a right limb tibial osteotomy repaired with an external fixator.
Methods— Three small-animal veterinarians with orthopedic training scored lameness using NRS and VAS before surgery, and at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. Peak force and impulse were determined at the same time points using a force plate. Agreement between observers and with force plate data was assessed. Significance was set at P ≤.05.
Results— Agreement was generally low among observers for both NRS and VAS scores. When evaluated at each time point, an acceptable level of agreement was present only at 4 weeks after surgery. Only impulse had a significant relationship with some of the observers' subjective scores. No significant relationships between any observer's scores and force plate data existed if very lame dogs were omitted.
Conclusions— Subjective scoring scales do not replace force plate gait analysis. Agreement is low unless lameness is severe, and each observer uses an individually unique scale. Subjective scoring scales most accurately reflect force plate gait analysis when lameness is severe.
Clinical Relevance— Subjective lameness scoring scales may not accurately reflect lameness and do not replace force plate gait analysis. Observers must stay the same during the duration of a study for accurate analyses.     

关于公路动物防疫检查站对未经检疫动物实施补免、补检做法的探讨

对未经检疫的畜禽不能在运输环节进行补免和补检,要强化产地免疫和检疫;要在法规上加以明确,禁止逃避检疫行为;同时完善配套的公路动物防疫检查站留验场所和标准规定。     

实验性猕猴1型糖尿病模型的建立及评价

7～10岁健康猕猴15只,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组5只,分别按照100、125、150mg/kg的剂量一次性静脉注射链脲菌素,连续观察血糖、血浆C肽和胰岛素浓度的动态变化,观察期15周.结果:与注射链脲菌素前比较,注射后1周,Ⅰ组猕猴血糖浓度明显升高,血浆C肽和胰岛素浓度显著下降(P＜0.01),随后趋于正常水平,而Ⅱ、Ⅲ组猕猴血糖浓度明显升高并在随后的时间内持续维持在高水平,血浆C肽和胰岛素浓度持续维持在低水平(P＜0.001),Ⅲ组动物至15周全部死亡.结论:按照125mg/kg的剂量一次性给猕猴静脉注射链脲菌素,可成功复制1型糖尿病动物模型,其维持高血糖和低胰岛素及C肽浓度至少15周.     

造纸废水对湿地芦苇纤维素含量的影响

芦苇(Phragmites australis)是较好的造纸材料,其纤维素含量高低直接影响造纸的价值,纤维素越高,制浆、漂白工艺越简单,成纸紧度、透明度越高。为研究造纸废水灌溉对芦苇纤维素含量的作用效果,以灌溉造纸废水的芦苇茎和叶为试验对象,测定不同灌溉期和不同浓度废水下芦苇茎和叶的纤维素含量。结果表明,1)灌溉300mg·L-1浓度废水对芦苇纤维素含量影响最大,出苗期芦苇茎纤维素含量表现为:300mg·L-1(36.39%)175mg·L-1(35.39%)50mg·L-1(34.73%)0(33.45%);2)在快速生长期灌溉废水最利于芦苇纤维素的积累,如浓度为300mg·L-1时芦苇茎纤维素含量变化量表现为快速生长期(11.75%)抽穗期(9.64%)成熟期(9.6%)展叶期(7.68%)出苗期(3.64%);3)芦苇纤维素含量总体表现为茎叶,如在出苗期灌溉浓度为300mg·L-1的废水,芦苇纤维素含量表现为茎(33.45%)叶(22.11%);4)废水浓度(X)对芦苇纤维素含量(Y)有显著影响(P0.05),二者的回归方程分别为Y茎=0.012 X+0.379 8,Y叶=0.008 X+0.249 2。     

家蚕血液、消化液中酸性核糖核酸酶和天冬酰胺酶活性的初步研究

测定了家蚕夏芳、长灰A和大造各品种血液、消化液中酸性核糖核酸酶及家蚕秋白、夏芳、长灰A和大造各品种天冬酰胺酶性变化。结果表明：各品种血液、消化液中酸性核糖核酸酶、天冬酰胺酶活性变化随发育呈现较强的规律性，血液中，4龄第3d、5龄第3d这两种酶均出现峰值，4龄眠前活性较低，消化液中，5龄第3d这两种酶活性均较高，不同品种这两种酶活性峰值出现时间有差异；各品种血液中酸性核糖核酸酶、天冬酰胺酶性均明显高于相应品种消化液中这两种酶活性；各品种之间血液、消化液中这两种酶活性有明显差异。     

控制sch单养雄蚕品种雌雄蚕孵出比例的催青处理因素研究

研究结果表明 :在RH 6 0 %状态下 ,控制性比的温度和下限时间负相关达到显著水平 ;控制性比的高温处理适于干燥状态下进行 ;处理后雌蚕孵化整齐度明显低于雄蚕孵化整齐度 ,雌雄蚕孵化整齐度均随处理温度的升高而下降 ,尤以雌蚕更为明显。由此提出了在RH 6 0 %状态下sch单养雄蚕品种控制性比的起点温度及温度、时间范围。认为高温催青用下限温度配合 1日收蚁法效果好 ,高温处理以后的胚胎适于在RH 80 %～ 85 %的湿度中保护     

不同断奶日龄仔猪血清代谢物水平的变化

本试验研究了不同断奶日龄仔猪血清代谢物水平的变化。试验设１７日龄断奶、２１日龄断奶、２８日龄断奶、３５日龄断奶４个处理组,每个处理３个重复,每个重复１窝,定时采血。结果表明,１７、２１日龄断奶组仔猪血糖浓度显著低于３５日龄断奶组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,在断奶后２～３周时间内,以１７日龄断奶组仔猪血糖浓度波动最大;４个不同断奶日龄组之间仔猪血清尿素氮浓度没有显著差异;与３５日龄断奶组比,１７日龄断奶仔猪血