Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected feed ingredients for juvenile snakehead,Ophiocephalus argus

Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, gross energy, phosphorus and amino acids in Peruvian fish meal, poultry by‐product meal, meat and bone meal, spray‐dried blood meal, hydrolysed feather meal, corn gluten meal, soybean meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal were determined for juvenile snakehead (Ophiocephalus argus) with initial mean body weight of 78.1 g. A reference diet and test diets that consisted of a 70 : 30 mixture of the reference diet to test ingredient were used with 5 g kg^?1 Cr₂O₃ as an external indicator. Fish meal, poultry by‐product meal and corn gluten meal had higher ADCs of dry matter, crude protein, and gross energy among ingredients tested. Dry matter ADCs ranged 61.9–81.5% for animal ingredients and corn gluten meal and ranged 52.2–68.0% for soybean meal, peanut meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal. Energy ADCs of ingredients followed similar trends to differences in dry matter digestibility. Protein ADCs of animal and plant ingredients ranged 73.6–92.8% and 75.3–85.6%, respectively. Amino acid ADCs generally reflected protein digestibility. Lipid ADCs were relatively high for the ingredients tested. Phosphorus ADCs of animal and plant ingredients ranged 39.5–65.2% and 38.7–57.1%, respectively.     

Bacterial Flora in Turbot Scophthalmus maximus Cultured in Deepwell Seawater of Liaodong Peninsula

The microbial flora in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) cultured in deepwell seawater from Liaodong Peninsula, China was studied for the first time. The total amount of aerobic meso- and psychrophilic microflora from the culturing water, gills, and skin were 3.46–3.82, 3.19–4.28, and 1.70–1.95 log cfu/g, respectively. Out of 204 strains isolated from fresh turbot meat with skin, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 19.2% of the total aerobic meso- and psychrophilic microflora, and 72.1% were Gram-negative bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using 16S rDNA sequences of microbial flora isolated from turbot. The predominant bacteria in fresh turbot were Micrococcus, Serratia liquefaciens, and Enterobacteriaceae. Meanwhile, the bacterial flora of refrigerated turbot fish were investigated, and the results indicated that Shewanella putrefaciens was the predominant spoilage bacteria.     

沈阳市水产加工品销售市场调查及展望

本文调查了沈阳市水产加工品销售市场的情况。并提出了沈阳市乃至我省水产加工业的未来设想。     

鳜鱼人工繁殖技术研究

江苏省海门市国营水产养殖场于 2 0 0 2年承担实施了南通市科技局下达的《鳜鱼人工繁殖技术研究》课题 ,在 5月底共催产亲鱼 1 5组 ,产苗61 .7万尾 ,育成体长 2ｃｍ左右的苗种 7.2 6万尾。现将有关技术介绍如下。材料和方法　　 1 亲鱼培育亲鱼培育池一口 ,面积 1 333ｍ2 ,放养亲鱼 1 6组 ,其中 1 2组是用 1 999年、2 0 0 0年从广东引进的苗种养成的 ,4组是从外捕获的野生鳜鱼。亲鱼池投喂鲫鱼、鳊鱼、白鲢的鱼苗作饵料鱼。从5月 1 8日开始进行冲水刺激 ,每天冲一次 ,每次 1ｈ。2 .亲鱼催产( 1 )催产时间从 5月 2 8日起分三批催产 ,2 8日…     

Birth of puppies of predetermined sex after artificial insemination with a low number of sex‐sorted,frozen–thawed spermatozoa in field conditions

The aim of this study was to evaluate fertility and sex ratios after artificial insemination in dogs under field conditions. Semen was cryopreserved as unsorted (control) or was separated into X‐ and Y‐chromosome‐bearing sperm using a cell sorter. Sixty female dogs were inseminated with frozen–thawed spermatozoa of 100 × 10⁶ unsorted (a dose in practice) and 4 × 10⁶ sorted (X and Y group, respectively). A total of 20 dogs became pregnant and 126 puppies were born from the three groups. The percentage of parturition was similar for the X (5/20; 25.0%) and Y (4/20; 20.0%) group (P > 0.05), but lower than controls (11/20; 55.0%) (P < 0.05). Ultimately 28 out of the 32 puppies produced from X group were female (87.5%) and 19/22 (86.4%) puppies of Y group were male. In contrast, sex ratio (51.4% to 48.6%) in the control was significantly different from the X, Y group (P < 0.05). However, male and female puppies in the control had similar birth weights and weaning weights to those from the X and Y groups. This preliminary information indicated that normal puppies of predicted sex can be produced with low numbers of sorted cryopreserved dog spermatozoa at a farm level, making sperm‐sexing technology potentially applicable for elite breeding units.     

就地取材养殖青虾技术探讨

河南地处中原,有淮河、长江、黄河、海河四大水系流经我省,尤其是淮河水系上游,大、中、小水库星罗棋布,黄河故道和黄河湿地也大量分布。这些水库和湿地水质清澈,水草丰盛,无污染,盛产青虾。在当前水产养殖业不景气,投入产出比例失调的情况下,利用本地盛产青虾的有利条件,就地取材养殖青虾,是调整水产养殖结构,引导渔农致富的好路子。现将有关技术和经验总结如下。青虾,学名日本沼虾,属广温性动物,主要摄食植物碎片和有机物碎屑。在人工饲养条件下,主要以麸皮、玉米、豆粕等为主食并辅以动物性饲料,如野杂鱼、螺、猪牛羊下脚料。青虾在人工…     

江黄颡鱼人工繁育的初步研究

对江黄颡鱼人工繁殖和育苗进行了试验。以PG(鲤鱼脑垂体激素)、HCG(绒毛膜促性腺激素)等催产药物进行混合催产,水温24～26℃,效应时间为20～24h,产卵率为90%以上。采用等渗液稀释磨碎的精巢进行人工授精,用塑料网片着卵板粘卵,在孵化池内孵化,平均孵化率为87%。研究结果表明:江黄颡鱼在广西的适宜催产季节为4月中旬至6月底,工厂化育苗的饵料可用丰年虫和适口虾料来解决。     

中国观赏鱼产业发展概况

观赏鱼养殖从20世纪80年代开始在我国初具规模,其发展具有产业链延伸较广、产品附加值较高、生产要素集约性较强、产业运营模式较多、单位面积产出较高等五项独特的优点。本文对养殖较为广泛、产业发展带动较强的几大观赏鱼品种进行了剖析:①七彩神仙鱼作为中高档热带观赏鱼的代表种类之一,市场潜力巨大;②锦鲤是大众化的养殖品种,目前规模化的养殖初具规模,产业逐渐走上正轨,但产业附加值和技术含量有待提升;③龙鱼和其他热带观赏鱼品种较多,高端的龙鱼主要来自国外,部分热带观赏鱼可实现国内生产,销往国外。同时,提出了我国观赏鱼产业发展的深层次问题:①要以科技为先,加强新品种的开发;②增强大众意识;加速市场的整顿;③改进市场营销模式;④培育健康的生态养殖模式;⑤拓展市场,开发新领域等,以使观赏鱼产业更好更快地发展。     

Cloning,expression, and induction by 17-β estradiol (E<Subscript>2</Subscript>) of a vitellogenin gene in the white cloud mountain minnow <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tanichthys albonubes</Emphasis>

Vitellogenins (Vtgs), the precursors for the yolk proteins, are very important for the embryonic development of teleosts, and have also been studied extensively as biomarkers for environmental estrogenic mimics. The cDNA for a Vtg was isolated from the liver of the female white cloud mountain minnow (Tanichthys albonubes) by 3′- and 5′-RACE methods. It is 4,171 bp in full length, and encodes a putative protein of 1,326 amino acids. This putative Vtg, designated as wcmmVtg, contains complete portions of LVI and PV, but lacks the C-terminal half of LVII and thus belongs to type I vitellogenin. In addition to the liver of the female fish, wcmmVtg was also shown to be expressed in the ovary. During ovarian development, the mRNA expression of wcmmVtg in both the liver and ovary was continuously increased from the previtellogenic to late vitellogenic stages, but then decreased significantly at post-spawning stage. In the male fish, expression of wcmmVtg mRNA was induced in the liver by treatment with E₂ (10 and 100 ng/l) for 14 days. These results suggest that the Vtg originated from the ovary of the white cloud mountain minnow may also contribute to the accumulation of yolk proteins during oocyte growth, and that the male white cloud mountain minnow is sensitive to the estrogenic treatment in terms of Vtg mRNA expression, which could also be applied to monitor the environmental estrogenic mimics.