Advancement of High Pulsed Electric Field for Inactivation of Microorganism

Inactivation of microorganisms can be realized by the accurately controlling the pulse electric field the strength and time for microorganism cell membrane. Use of high pulsed electric field for inactivation of microorganisms is one of the more promising nonthermal processing methods. Compare with pasteurization,it possesses the advantage of instant and even distribution throughout a conductive food system,short treatment time and very little heating of the medium in continuous processing. In addition, HPEF can decrease the loss of nutrition as little as possible. The author critically review the results of earlier experiment studies on HPEF,the mechanisms of inactivation by HPEF,and we suggest the future work that is required in this field.     

Machine Vision Aided Testing System for Flatness Based on Equal Inclination Interference Theory

An approach is described on the automated tracking of interference circle fringe to get the flatness accurately based on the Equal Inclination Interference Theory (EIIT). The system,based on the theory of EIIT, can be applied to grasp the changing fringe information, which is white alternating with black through the CCD camera. Following the basic principle of fringes image centro-symmetric, we create some windows, process only the interference fringes information in the windows. According to the position of the processed interference fringe and the position of the last adjacent interference fringe in the windows, the interference fringe variation value N from the starting measured point is received, it implies the changed altitude value from the starting measurement point. This method allows us not only get the fringe information of the half-wavelength integer multiple but also denote those of the half-wavelength decimal multiple. The system is proved to be effective experimentally. It is useful in metrology department for the high-precision flatness standard unit.     

Effect of Dynamic Viscosity on Marangoni Convection in Liquid Bridge With Liquid Encapsulation

The authors establish the physical and mathomatical model of the Marangoni convection in liquid bridge with liquid encapsulation (or two immiscible coaxial liquid columns). A Numerical simulation of the Marangoni convection in liquid bridge with liquid encapsulation is performed by employed vorticity-streamfunction method and the Alternative Direction Implicit scheme in finite difference. The distribution of temperature and flow in two liquid columns is then obtained. The influence law of the dynamic viscosity ratio of the inner liquid to the outer liquid to the Marangoni convection in liquid bridge with liquid encapsulation is obtained.     

板栗叶片性状表型多样性研究

对中国板栗自然分布区8个产地采集的板栗叶片进行取样测定,分别测定叶片3项形态指标,结果表明,各指标在同一群体不同品种间差异显著。板栗叶片形态在群体间和群体内存在广泛差异,其中,叶片长、叶片宽及叶片长宽比等3个性状群体内的差异均达极显著水平,F值分别为7.50、6.36及7.39;群体间,叶片长、叶片宽及叶片长宽比3个性状差异均达极显著水平,其F值分别为19.36、18.32和3.40。根据3个性状的平均,群体间的方差分量占总变异的11.417%,群体内的占39.86%,机误占48.72%。板栗叶片3个性状群体间的表型分化系数平均为13.03%,而群体内的平均表型变异占86.97%,表明群体内变异是板栗叶片表型变异的主要来源。     

影响红掌愈伤组织诱导、增殖和芽分化的因素

以Pink champion等盆栽植株和试管苗为材料，研究了影响红掌愈伤组织诱导、增殖和芽分化的因素。结果表明，不同品种的愈伤组织诱导率和外植体褐变率均存在显著差异，诱导率和褐变率之间呈显著的负相关关系。外植体、外源激素和培养基对愈伤组织的诱导有显著影响，不同品种和外植体的适宜诱导培养基不同。光照对愈伤组织的诱导有显著的抑制作用；高浓度生长素、低浓度细胞分裂素，促进愈伤组织的增殖，高浓度细胞分裂素及低浓度生长素促进愈伤组织芽分化；固体培养比液体培养更有利于愈伤组织的增殖和芽分化。     

秦川牛及其利秦杂种牛IGFBP3基因PCR—SSCP多态性研究

以IGFBP3基因作为侯选基因,对秦川牛及其利秦杂种牛群体共计114头个体IGFBP3位点进行多样性分析。结果发现,秦川牛(Q)及其利秦牛(LQ)群体IGFBP3基因座的等位基因A/B频率分别为:0.6667/0.3333和0.6829/0.3171;从位点间杂合度(He)来看,LQ>QQ;位点间有效等位基因数(Ne):QQ>LQ位点间Shannon信息熵SQQ>LQ位点间多态信息含量PICQQ>LQ     

板栗空棚产生原因及降低板栗空棚率技术措施的研究

板栗空棚严重影响燕山板票的产量.产生原因与土壤中缺硼有关.通过早春施硼肥可使空棚率由85.53%下降到2.43%,产量提高7.7倍.但花期喷硼效果不稳定;人工辅助授粉和增施氮、磷、钾肥料及浇水对降低空棚率均无明显效果.     

THE STUDY ON INVESTMENT EFFECT OF OLD URBAN DISTRICT REGENERATION

The problem of old urban district regeneration has to be solved in process of ur-ban development.According to the practice of urban construction and the current situation of urbandevelopment in our country,solving this problem is very urgent. At present.there is fewer discussionon old urban district regeneration from its economic and social effect; In this paper.by means of an-alyzing old urban district regeneration and its investment effect, a set of criteria evaluating the in-vestment effect of old urban district regeneration is eastablished. For the first tirne, a new method. Set Statistics-AHP (The Analytic Hierarchy Process)-Entropy method is adopted to evaluate the in-vestment effect,and successfully solve two critical problems,individual criterion evaluation and crit-era' s weight.     

基于InVEST模型的南北盘江流域产水量时空变化研究

[目的]研究南北盘江流域产水量的时空变化特征以及不同土地利用类型、土壤类型和地形之间的产水功能差异,以期为流域内水资源有效管理和生态修复提供科学参考。[方法]基于InVEST模型定量评估了2005—2020年南北盘江流域产水量的时空变化特征、内部差异性及植被恢复对该地区产水功能的影响。[结果] 2005—2020年流域内的平均产水总量小幅波动,在空间上呈现东北部与中部高,西南部低的趋势,总体产水格局与降水量时空变化具有空间吻合性。在不考虑降雨量显著变化的情况下,耕地与草地面积减少是导致流域内产水总量呈现出小幅波动下降趋势的主要原因。各土地利用类型中产水能力最强的类型为建设用地,其次分别为裸地、耕地和草地。常绿针叶林与灌林地的产水能力较弱。流域内的产水能力随海拔升高而逐渐降低,土壤以产水能力较强的黄壤与红壤为主。该流域产水高值区主要集中于低、中海拔,以黄壤与红壤为主的东北部与中部区域;低值区主要集中于高、较高海拔,分布着大量石灰(岩)土和紫色土的西南部。[结论]该流域产水量空间格局有一定变化,其产水高值区有向东、东北偏移的趋势。土地利用类型、气象因子、土壤质地、地形等因素对产水功能空间异...     

鄂西南5种典型林分枯落物与土壤的持水性能

[目的]探究鄂西南地区典型森林枯落物和土壤的水文特性,分析对比不同林分的持水性能,为区域内选择适宜的造林树种、营造合理的水土保持林提供理论依据与科学参考。[方法]以利川金子山国有林场的5种典型林分为研究对象,采用野外调查与采样、环刀法和室内浸泡法,对比分析各林分枯落物层储量、持水过程、持水能力,以及土壤层持水能力和入渗过程。[结果](1)5种林分枯落物储量表现为：杉木人工林>常绿落叶阔叶混交林>日本落叶松人工林>柳杉人工林>鹅掌楸人工林;最大持水量变化范围在13.94～29.12 t/hm²之间,与枯落物储量变化相一致。(2)枯落物持水量与浸水时间关系为对数函数关系,吸水速率与浸水时间关系为幂函数关系。(3)0—40 cm土壤层最大持水量介于277.02～334.12 t/hm²之间,表现为：鹅掌楸人工林>常绿落叶阔叶混交林>日本落叶松人工林>杉木人工林>柳杉人工林;土壤平均渗透速率变化范围为6.89～22.30 mm/min,稳渗时间在18.40～25.73 min之间,其中鹅掌楸人工林土壤渗...