成年兔睾丸支持细胞的分离纯化

简化睾丸支持细胞的分离纯化方法,提高支持细胞的获取量和活率。取5月龄公兔,去除睾丸被膜及血管,分离出完整的曲精细管后用0.5%胰蛋白酶和0.1%胶原酶消化并进行低渗处理,将制成的细胞悬液植入25cm2的培养瓶,于38.7℃5%CO2条件下培养,此期间每天用倒置显微镜进行观察。结果表明,经1/3组低渗处理后,离体支持纯度和活率分别达到72.04%和84.5%(P<0.05),极大地提高了离体支持细胞的获取量和活率。     

高寒珠芽蓼草甸植被生物量的季节动态特征

调查了甘肃省天祝县珠芽蓼高寒草甸,结果表明,调查草甸的主要植物有26种,隶属13科23属。其中珠芽蓼(0.148)为优势种,次优势种有乳白香青、球花蒿、线叶嵩草等。通过对珠芽蓼草甸群落组成和结构的季节动态的研究分析发现,地上植物量在整个生长季中表现为单峰曲线,地下植物量变化呈现“V”型曲线,环境因子是制约珠芽蓼草甸植物生长发育和植物量的主导因子。     

西藏昌都地区实施草场承包经营责任制的现状和对策

介绍了西藏昌都地区生态环境的基本状况和该地区草场承包经营责任制的发展过程,进一步认识到落实和完善草场承包经营责任制对该地区的重大意义,及其对昌都地区畜牧业发展的重要作用。科学分析了该地区发展草场承包经营责任制的必要性,以及实施草场承包经营责任制进程中存在的问题和所面临的困难,并提出了有利于进一步促进和完善该地区实施草场承包经营责任制的参考性建议。     

Agricultural Production Structure Optimization： A Case Study of Major Grain Producing Areas, China

A large number of mathematical models were developed for supporting agricultural production structure optimization decisions; however, few of them can address various uncertainties existing in many factors (e.g., eco-social benefit maximization, food security, employment stability and ecosystem balance). In this study, an interval-probabilistic agricultural production structure optimization model (IPAPSOM) is formulated for tackling uncertainty presented as discrete intervals and/or probability distribution. The developed model improves upon the existing probabilistic programming and inexact optimization approaches. The IPAPSOM considers not only food security policy constraints, but also involves rural households’income increase and eco-environmental conversation, which can effectively reflect various interrelations among different aspects in an agricultural production structure optimization system. Moreover, it can also help examine the reliability of satisfying (or risk of violating) system constraints under uncertainty. The model is applied to a real case of long-term agricultural production structure optimization in Dancheng County, which is located in Henan Province of Central China as one of the major grain producing areas. Interval solutions associated with different risk levels of constraint violation are obtained. The results are useful for generating a range of decision alternatives under various system benefit conditions, and thus helping decision makers to identify the desired agricultural production structure optimization strategy under uncertainty.     

数字土壤及其应用研究进展

  目的  为实现土壤剖面信息的快速采集,并保证数据的一致性与完整性。  方法  在土壤信息采集现状分析基础上,遵照MVC设计规范,采用SQLite数据库,基于iOS操作系统设计并开发了土壤剖面信息采集系统。  结果  土壤剖面信息采集系统设计了2个主表与83个查找表,方便用户快速录入剖面相关信息,增强交互界面友好性和数据规范化,开发了基于iOS系统的App程序,可以通过iPhone或iPad安装使用。  结论  通过系统测试及应用,表明利用该App进行土壤剖面信息采集系统切实可行,在土壤剖面信息采集方面具有很好的数据一致性,减少后期录入与整理的人工成本,可为科研工作者野外土壤剖面采样及第三次土壤普查等工作提供技术支撑,具有较强的应用价值。     

哺乳动物促性腺激素细胞研究进展

哺乳动物促性腺激素细胞的增殖分化受多种因子影响,它分泌的促性腺激素在生殖调控中占有中心地位。文章系统地介绍了促性腺激素细胞的组织胚胎学研究、促性腺激素细胞分泌的促卵泡素和促黄体素的基因表达调控、分泌调节和合成代谢的研究情况,为研究生殖内分泌提供系统的资料。     

祁连山东麓高寒草甸不同退化程度草地土壤种子库特征研究

通过野外调查和种子萌发法对东祁连山高寒草甸4种不同退化程度草地(未退化,ND;轻度退化,LD;中度退化,MD;重度退化,HD)土壤种子库进行了比较研究。结果表明:4种退化程度草地种子密度大小为:轻度退化草地>未退化草地>中度退化草地>重度退化草地;未退化草地共发现了6种植物,主要为十字花科(Cruciferae)和毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)植物;轻度退化草地共发现了9种植物,主要为禾本科(Gramineae)、菊科(Compositae)和豆科(Leguminosae)植物;中度退化草地共发现了5种植物,主要为车前科(Plantaginaceae)植物;重度退化草地共发现了5种植物,主要为禾本科(Gramineae)植物;对于土壤种子库的物种多样性,轻度退化草地最有利于维持和保护该地区物种多样性,未退化草地和轻度退化草地显著优于中度退化草地和重度退化草地;总体来看,4种退化程度草地种子库种子与地面植被物种相似性均较低。     

茶毒蛾步甲研究初报

茶毒蛾步甲的成、幼虫是茶毒蛾的主要捕食性天敌。一年两代,世代重叠,以成虫越冬,雌成虫寿命246—540天。一头幼虫一生能捕食3—6龄的茶毒幼虫33.2头,一头成虫在茶毒蛾一个世代中可捕食959头茶毒蛾幼虫。成虫在活动期能忍受饥饿55天,幼虫有相互残食习性。     

The relationship between high density lipoprotein subclasses and apoE gene polymorphism in obese subjects

AIM: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationship between apolipoprotein (apo) E polymorphism and plasma lipid profiles and HDL subclasses in obesity. METHODS: apoE genotype was assayed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The subclasses of serum HDL in 93 obese subjects and 96 nonobese subjects were determined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis conjunction with immunodetection method. RESULTS: apoE3/3 genotypes and allele ε3 frequency in obese group and the control group were both the highest, but no significant difference. In obese group, the genotype of apoE2 had higher serum apoE/aopCⅢ, HDL2a and lower apoB100, apoCⅢ, HDL3c levels compared with the genotype of apoE3 (P<0.05). In control group, the genotype of apoE2 had higher serum TC and apoE levels, but lower HDL3b level compared with the genotype of apoE3 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Polymorphism of the ApoE gene is associated with the distribution of HDL particles in obesity. Allele of ε2 carrier may slow the tendency of HDL particals shifted towards smaller sizes.     

绿头野鸭与我国主要地方鸭品种遗传多样性研究

利用17个微卫星标记,采用PCR扩增,8%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、银染,对绿头野鸭种群和我国9个主要地方鸭品种的遗传多样性进行了检测,统计了各群体的平均有效等位基因(Ne)、平均遗传杂合度(H)、多态信息含量(PIC)、群体间的遗传距离(Ds)和相似系数(I)。采用UPGMA和NJ法构建系统发生树。结果表明:17个微卫星座位在绿头野鸭种群和我国9个主要地方鸭品种中的多态信息含量均为高度多态,所有鸭种的平均PIC、H、Ne分别为0.6506、0.6896、4.1±1.5,基因多态性和遗传多样性相对较高;家鸭各品种间的遗传距离在0.1631~0.6844范围内,绿头野鸭与家鸭品种间的遗传距离分别在0.3096~0.8219之间。根据系统发育树推断中国主要地方鸭品种不是单一起源于绿头野鸭。中国主要地方鸭品种大致可以分为5支。一支为北京鸭、荆江鸭,一支为中山鸭、建昌鸭及高邮鸭,一支为靖西大麻鸭和金定鸭,连城鸭为一支,绍兴鸭为另一支。