我国部分地区牛支原体肺炎和关节炎的病原体诊断

重庆等4省市从外省引进的肉牛群发生以严重肺炎和关节炎为主要表现的疾病。该病的病变主要集中于肺脏,其组织学变化主要是间质增生,纤维素渗出,干酪样坏死,淋巴细胞、嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞浸润。PCR检测病牛肺脏显示牛支原体阳性,而丝状支原体丝状亚种、牛分支杆菌和多杀性巴氏杆菌为阴性。从肺等组织中分离到牛支原体以及大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、链球菌、葡萄球菌和烟曲霉,没有分离到巴氏杆菌。结果显示本病是以牛支原体感染为主引起的牛支原体肺炎和关节炎,长途运输等应激因素是该病突发的重要诱因,其他细菌和/或真菌继发感染加重了病情。     

以豁眼鹅为母本的杂交试验研究初探——品种选择与杂交配套系建设

测定豁眼鹅、莱茵鹅、朗德鹅的品种优势、杂交组合的产蛋及仔鹅生长速度等生产性能,筛选出最佳组合,建立配套系。结果:莱豁鹅杂交组合的产蛋量低于豁眼鹅对照组,但比父系莱茵鹅有了明显提高;仔鹅的生长速度明显快于母系。朗豁鹅杂交组仔鹅生长速度较豁眼鹅对照组略有提高,但母鹅产蛋量则明显不如莱豁杂交组。     

猪瘟病毒E2蛋白与猪RACK1相互作用的鉴定

为筛选和鉴定与猪瘟病毒(CSFV)E2蛋白相互作用的猪宿主蛋白,我们采用酵母双杂交方法筛选猪肺泡巨噬细胞表达文库得到与CSFV E2蛋白相互作用的宿主细胞RACK1蛋白,经共转化试验和GST pull-down试验进一步证实两者可以特异性结合,并且共聚焦试验表明两者共定位于细胞的细胞浆。本研究显示E2蛋白与宿主细胞RACK1蛋白存在相互作用,RACK1在CSFV感染过程中所发挥的功能有待进一步研究。     

猪肉风味的影响因素

风味是评价猪肉品质的重要指标之一,它受很多因素影响。本文论述了饲养管理方式、日粮来源与营养素、贮藏条件、季节等因素对猪肉风味的影响,讨论了建立客观的风味评定体系的迫切性。     

氮沉降对植物-丛枝菌根共生体影响的研究进展

氮沉降是影响陆地生态系统的重要环境因子。丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)作为一种能够与绝大多数植物共生并广泛存在的土壤微生物,对植物生长、养分吸收以及抗逆性等均具有重要的调节作用,而针对氮沉降对植物-丛枝菌根共生体影响的研究往往被忽视。基于此,笔者从氮沉降对菌根侵染特性、菌根多样性、菌根对宿主植物生长发育、氮代谢、磷吸收以及对宿主植物生物多样性影响等方面进行了归纳总结,并提出应重点关注的研究方向,旨为菌根生理生态学的研究提供一定的科学依据。     

Research Progress of Epigenetics Modification in the Process of Skeletal Muscle Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue and the main component of muscle in animals.The process of skeletal muscle cell's proliferation and differentiation is the basis of muscle development and it's directly affects the meat production performance of domestic animals.It has been found that epigenetic modification plays an important role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells.In this study,the effects of epigenetics on skeletal muscle in terms of the effects of DNA methylation on the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells,the selection and expression of factors regulated by histone acetylation,the regulation of non-coding RNA,and the effects of chromosome remodeling.Research progress in the process of muscle cell proliferation and differentiation,briefly describes the effects of different modification methods and factors on the two processes of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation.At the same time,the methods and means used by predecessor in the study of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation were reviewed,and then the role of apparent regulatory factors in skeletal muscle growth was analyzed.The purpose was to further explain the important role of epigenetic modification in the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle,enhanced the understanding of the regulation of skeletal muscle proliferation and differentiation,provided a reference path for integration with animal production,and also provided skeletal muscle.Molecular regulation of such as growth and development provided more reference materials.     

猕猴外周血液中多潜能调控因子Oct4、Nanog和Sox2基因的表达

采用半定量RT-PCR对采自幼体(2岁以内)、亚成体(2～5岁)和成体(5岁以上)猕猴共28份外周血样品进行分析.结果显示,幼体和亚成体猕猴所有外周血样品均转录表达Oct4、Nanog和Sox2基因,大部分成体猕猴外周血样品(8/12)表达Oct4、Nanog和Sox2基因,少数样品仅表达Oct4和Sox2(2/12)或Oct4和Nanog(1/12),1份样品不表达3个基因;同一年龄组内,Sox2表达水平均显著高于Oct4和Nanog(P≤0.05),幼体组Oct4和Nanog的表达水平没有显著性差异(P＞0.05),亚成体组和成体组Oct4的表达水平均显著高于Nanog(P≤0.05);在不同年龄组间,Oct4和Nanog表达水平没有显著性差异(P＞0.05),幼体组Sox2表达水平显著高于成体组(P≤0.05).结果表明,在生理条件下Oct4、Nanog和Sox2基因在不同年龄段猕猴外周血中均转录表达,不同基因表达水平存在一定差异,随年龄增加这些基因表达量有降低的趋势.     

Cystourethropexy to Correct Refractory Urinary Incontinence Due to Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence Preliminary Results in Ten Bitches

Cystourethropexy was performed in 10 bitches with refractory urinary incontinence due to urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence. All animals had an abnormally shaped vesico-urethral junction. The bladder neck was located in the pelvic canal in nine dogs (pelvic bladder). Surgery alone restored urinary continence in two cases and markedly improved incontinence in two cases. Surgery combined with medical therapy (phenylpropanolamine, 1.5 mg/kg orally once or twice a day, using a sustained-action preparation) restored urinary continence in four cases and markedly improved continence in one case. Surgery, with medical therapy, was completely ineffective in one case. No major complications were encountered in any dogs. In four cases, histopathologic evaluation of the dorsal bladder wall and neck revealed the presence of a single, perinuclear, clear vacuole in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle fibers. Electron microscopic examination showed that the vacuoles represented a dilatation of normal membrane organelles. Such abnormalities have the potential to alter the smooth muscle motility. This study indicates that cystourethropexy alone restored urinary continence only temporarily in the majority of the patients. The significance and frequency of the histopathologic findings requires further investigation.     

用响应面分析法优化桑叶水溶性多糖的提取工艺

为了高效提取桑叶中的水溶性多糖,通过单因素试验考察了提取温度、提取时间、原料质量浓度和提取次数对多糖得率的影响,然后采用响应面分析法优化桑叶水溶性多糖的提取工艺。以提取温度和原料质量浓度为主要因素进行中心组合试验,建立了多糖得率测算模型的回归方程,确认提取温度和原料质量浓度对多糖得率都有显著影响。优化后的提取工艺在温度90℃、提取时间80 min、原料质量浓度0.042 g/mL的条件下提取1次,桑叶水溶性多糖的最高得率达到1.92%。