世界性恶性杂草——紫茎泽兰研究的历史及现状

\t\t\t\t\t目的\t\t\t\t\t为了明确斜纹夜蛾取食紫茎泽兰对其生长发育和繁殖的影响。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t方法\t\t\t\t\t在室内分别利用紫茎泽兰和白菜叶片饲喂斜纹夜蛾幼虫,比较其生长发育、繁殖及存活差异。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结果\t\t\t\t\t斜纹夜蛾可在紫茎泽兰上完成整个世代,但相较于其适宜寄主白菜,取食紫茎泽兰叶片导致其生长发育速率降低、历期延长、体重减轻,存活率、羽化率和繁殖力下降。取食紫茎泽兰的斜纹夜蛾各龄幼虫发育历期和蛹期与取食白菜叶片的斜纹夜蛾间差异显著(P<0.05),取食紫茎泽兰的幼虫其历期比取食白菜的延长10.26 d;取食紫茎泽兰的斜纹夜蛾1～6龄幼虫的体重显著低于取食白菜的同龄幼虫(P<0.05);蛹重比取食白菜的斜纹夜蛾蛹重低15.79% (P<0.05);紫茎泽兰上的斜纹夜蛾幼虫的累计存活率和羽化率分别为40.61%和83.33%,分别比白菜上降低31.96%和11.67% (P<0.05);同时,取食紫茎泽兰叶片可导致斜纹夜蛾成虫产卵期延长,单雌产卵量下降,并对其性比产生一定影响。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结论\t\t\t\t\t斜纹夜蛾取食紫茎泽兰虽不利于自身的生长发育,但能够完成整个世代,说明紫茎泽兰可以作为斜纹夜蛾的寄主植物,斜纹夜蛾具有成为紫茎泽兰天敌的潜力。\t\t\t\t     

河北省城郊农业发展方向与模式研究

通过对城郊农业特点的分析,提出城郊农业应向二、三产业延伸,实行多功能开发,走观光采摘农业的路子。在实际工作中,通过坚持3个结合、做好5项工作,实现4个功能。     

Mechanism of RhoA on vascular reactivity following hemorrhagic shock in rats

AIM: To observe the mechanisms of RhoA on vascular reactivity following hemorrhagic shock (HS) in rats. METHODS: The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock was adopted to assay the vascular reactivity via observing the contraction initiated by norepinephrine (NE) with isolated organ perfusion system. Meanwhile, the effects of Rho kinase, myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) on RhoA regulating vascular reactivity were observed. The effects of RhoA agonist U-46619 and inhibitor C3 enzyme on the activities of Rho kianse, MLCP, MLCK and phosphorylation of MLC20 in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) with hypoxia were also measured. RESULTS: As compared to control group, the cumulative dose-response curves of SMA to NE at 2 h after shock shifted to the right, the maximal contractions (Emax) of NE was significantly decreased. RhoA agonist U-46619 increased the vascular reactivity in the late period of shock. C3 enzyme abolished U-46619 induced the increase in the contractile response of SMA to NE. Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 decreased U-46619-induced the increase in the vascular reactivity, MLCP inhibitor calyculin further promoted the increase in the vascular reactivity. However, MLCK inhibitor had no effect on the U-46619-induced change of vascular reactivity. After hypoxia, the activities of Rho kinase and MLCK, and the level of MLC20 phosphorylation were decreased, MLCP activity was increased. RhoA agonist U-46619 increased the activity of Rho kinase and phosphorylation of MLC20, decreased the activity of MLCP, but had no effects on MLCK activity. CONCLUSION: RhoA plays an important role in the regulation of vascular reactivity following shock. The mechanism is closely related to regulating the activities of Rho kinase and MLCP, and increasing the phosphorylation of MLC20 in VSMC.     

菌根真菌菌剂防治作物土传病害潜力分析

 菌根真菌(mycorrhizal fungi,MF)对植物土传病害有一定的拮抗或抑制作用,能提高植物对土传病害的抗/耐病性。MF菌剂尤其是丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)及外生菌根真菌(ectomycorrhizal fungi,ECMF)菌剂作为一种生物防治剂在生产实践中的应用也是人们关心和感兴趣的问题。本文对MF菌剂防治土传病害的可能性、MF生态生理学、MF菌剂的生产、MF菌剂应用方法以及今后努力的方向进行了系统分析,并对MF菌剂防治土传病害的潜力和应用范围进行了评价。     

云南省水电开发中森林资源的保护与恢复对策

简要地介绍了云南省水能资源及开发的现状,从林业发展的角度分析了水电站开发对森林资源产生的正、负面影响,并提出水电开发中森林资源的恢复和保护对策.     

澄海莱芜人工鱼礁集鱼效果初步评价

2003和2007年分别对澄海莱芜人工鱼礁区进行了投礁前的本底调查和投礁后的跟踪调查。结果表明,投礁后礁区海域游泳生物的资源密度明显比投礁前高,增加了25．63倍;礁区海域各类资源种类均比投礁前丰富,总种数由投礁前的23种增加至41种,比投礁前增加了0．78倍,其中,蟹类种数增加最多,增加了1．75倍;在本底调查中没有出现的经济种类龙头鱼Harpodon nehereus和红星梭子蟹Portunus sanguinolentus在跟踪调查中已成为主要优势种;Shannon—Wienver多样性指数（H’）在礁区和对比区均比投礁前有所增加。表明鱼礁投放后,鱼礁区集鱼效果和群落结构明显改善,人工鱼礁建设取得了明显的生态效益和经济效益。     

泰国政府投巨资收储农产品

以三色竹芋的侧芽为外植体,研究了三色竹芋不定芽诱导、增殖和生根的组织培养过程,并研究了6-BA浓度和继代次数对叶片颜色的影响。结果表明：以三色竹芋的侧芽为外植体,经过芽的分化、增殖和生根可获得批量组培苗;降低6-BA的浓度,减少继代次数,有利于保持叶片的颜色。     

香果树种子休眠和萌发的生理特性

为了解决香果树Emmenopterys henryi种子萌发困难的问题,使用不同的光照条件较系统地研究了香果树种子休眠和萌发的生理特性.结果表明:香果树种子属典型的光敏感性种子,在黑暗中无论恒温或变温条件下均完全不能萌发;整个萌发过程需1 000 lx光照强度和每天照光16 h;在光照条件下适宜的萌发温度为20℃、25℃恒温,其次是30℃恒温和30℃(日)、20℃(夜)变温.     

原料表面碱液处理对稻草碎料板力学性能的影响

在实验室条件下探索了稻草原料表面碱液处理对稻草碎料板力学性能的影响.试验表明,处理后的稻草碎料板的内结合强度比处理前有大幅度提高,弯曲弹性模量和静曲强度比处理前则有所下降,但都达到了相关的国家标准;2h吸水厚度膨胀率升高,超过国家标准.因此稻草表面碱液处理提高了稻草原料表面润湿性和胶合强度,但对稻草碎料板的力学性能有影响.     

复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响

为研究复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响,此次试验选取了40头28±2日龄杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,并将它们随机分成4个处理组。这4个处理组均饲喂基础日粮,其中,试验1、2、3组分别添加0.1%复合酸化剂、0.2%复合酸化剂、0.3%复合酸化剂,对照组不做任何处理。试验结果表明,在30d试验期内,试验组仔猪比对照组仔猪平均日增重分别提高了5.9%、13%、10.24%,其中基础日粮中添加0.2%复合添加剂的试验组与对照组日增重差异显著(P<0.05);料肉比分别下降了7%、10.21%、8.13%;并且试验组的仔猪腹泻率较之对照组有明显的下降。试验发现,日粮中添加复合酸化剂能显著改善断奶仔猪生产性能,复合酸化剂添加量为0.2%时,仔猪的生产性能最佳。