水稻花粉管通道法导入高粱DNA的SSR分子验证

从60对SSR引物中筛选出17对,对供体高粱、受体水稻及其外源。DNA导入后代稳定材料进行了分子验证,结果表明供体高粱与受体水稻间存在多态性、受体水稻与后代稳定材料间出现多态性,供体高粱与部分后代稳定材料间出现相同的扩增带,部分供体与受体共有的特征带在后代中消失、而有些后代出现了供体和受体均没有的扩增带。这表明供体高粱的DNA不同片段已整合到水稻品种中,获得了不同的变异材料,这些。DNA片段能在后代中稳定遗传。     

水稻93-11 EMS诱导突变体的分离与鉴定

利用EMS对籼稻品种93-11进行诱变处理,以构建基因突变群体。M1单本移栽并单株收获。M2播种5000个家系,根据各个生育阶段表现鉴别出411个家系发生了形态突变,并收获271个家系。M3代对M2代收获材料按照系谱法进行跟踪观察和验证。结果表明,形态性状的突变频率为8．22％。其中一些突变体具有优良农艺性状,有可能在育种中得到利用。     

Identification and Characterization of Salt Tolerance of Wheat Germplasm Using a Multivariable Screening Approach

Salinity is one of the major limitations to wheat production worldwide. This study was designed to evaluate the level of genetic variation among 150 internationally derived wheat genotypes for salinity tolerance at germination, seedling and adult plant stages, with the aim of identifying new genetic resources with desirable adaptation characteristics for breeding programmes and further genetic studies. In all the growth stages, genotype and salt treatment effects were observed. Salt stress caused 33 %, 51 % and 82 % reductions in germination vigor, seedling shoot dry matter and seed grain yield, respectively. The rate of root and shoot water loss due to salt stress exhibited significant negative correlation with shoot K⁺, but not with shoot Na⁺ and shoot K⁺/Na⁺ ratio. The genotypes showed a wide spectrum of response to salt stress across the growth stages; however, four genotypes, Altay2000, 14IWWYTIR‐19 and UZ‐11CWA‐8 (tolerant) and Bobur (sensitive), exhibited consistent responses to salinity across the three growth stages. The tolerant genotypes possessed better ability to maintain stable osmotic potential, low Na⁺ accumulation, higher shoot K⁺ concentrations, higher rates of PSII activity, maximal photochemical efficiency and lower non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ), resulting in the significantly higher dry matter production observed under salt stress. The identified genotypes could be used as parents in breeding for new varieties with improved salt tolerance as well as in further genetic studies to uncover the genetic mechanisms governing salt stress response in wheat.     

北京栓皮栎林胸径-树高相关生长关系的分析

基于幂函数H=aDb对北京市平谷区四座楼自然保护区的16个栓皮栎人工林样地的胸径（D）和树高（H）相关生长关系进行了分析,以检验分形网络模型等4个理论模型对胸径--树高关系幂指数（b）的预测值是否合理。结果表明：在16个样地中,有12个样地的数据支持弹性相似模型、分形网络模型的理论预测值2/3,仅有2个样地的数据支持几...     

菜籽蛋白质组双向电泳技术体系的优化研究(英文)

[目的]建立适用于菜籽蛋白质组研究的双向电泳技术。[方法]以湘油17号为材料,对双向电泳技术中的样品制备方法、凝胶浓度、上样量等条件进行了优化。[结果]使用TCA-丙酮法提取菜籽总蛋白最佳,所获蛋白在2-DE图谱上获得的点数最多。当采用pH3～10IPG胶条和12%的凝胶、上样量为250μg时,可得到背景清晰、重复性好、蛋白点分辨率较高的双向电泳图谱。[结论]为开展油菜种子蛋白质组学研究奠定了基础。     

阿维菌素高产工业菌株的推理选育研究(英文)

[目的]通过推理选育,获得高产的阿维菌素工业生产菌种。[方法]以Biok Av-023为出发菌株,首先采用常规紫外诱变筛选出正突变菌株,再通过添加L-异亮氨酸诱导推理选育方法选育高产阿维菌素生产菌株。[结果]经紫外诱变和L-Ile定向筛选表明,L-Ile筛选浓度以0.5%最佳,经复筛后获得的高产突变菌株AV60s-32最高效价可达4 520 IU/ml,与出发菌株相比提高了23.4%。[结论]采用紫外诱变和L-Ile推理选育相结合的方法可有效提高阿维菌素菌种发酵效价。     

Identification and Genetic Mapping of a Lesion Mimic Mutant in Rice

A lesion mimic stripe mutant,designated as lms1(lesion mimic stripe 1),was obtained from the M2 progeny of a 60Co γ-radiation treated japonica rice variety Jiahua 1.The lms1 mutant displayed propagation type lesions across the whole growth and developmental stages.Physiology and histochemistry analysis showed that the mutant exhibited a phenotype of white stripe when grown under high temperature(30 ℃),and the lesion mimic caused by programmed cell death under low temperature(20 ℃).The genetic analysis indicated that this lesion-mimic phenotype is controlled by a single locus recessive nuclear gene.Furthermore,by using simple sequence repeat markers and an F2 segregating population derived from two crosses of lms1 × 93-11 and lms1 × Pei'ai 64S,the lms1 gene was mapped between markers Indel1 and MM0112-4 with a physical distance of 400 kb on chromosome 6 in rice.     

鸭血清IgG的提纯方法比较

本文对鸭血清分别采用了硫酸钠法、辛酸-硫酸铵法、硫酸铵法进行了鸭IgG的提取。提取后的鸭IgG样品用纯度和蛋白含量两个指标来衡量。用辛酸-硫酸铵法提取的鸭IgG样品蛋白含量为9.45mg/ml,纯度能达到用于免疫标记技术的要求,而且操作简单、价格低廉,适于从大批量样品中提纯鸭IgG;用硫酸钠法提取的鸭IgG样品蛋白含量为9.14mg/ml,相对较高,但纯度较低;用硫酸铵法提取的鸭IgG样品蛋白含量、浓度都较低。     

粳稻叶绿素含量QTL与其合成降解相关基因的比较分析

为剖析水稻叶绿素不同时期的表达规律及后期持绿的遗传机制,以沈农265和丽江新团黑谷的粳-粳交重组自交系为材料,对水稻分蘖期、抽穗期和成熟期的叶绿素含量以及生育后期的持绿能力进行QTL定位分析。检测到5个控制分蘖期叶绿素含量的QTL、7个控制水稻抽穗期叶绿素含量的QTL和10个控制成熟期叶绿素含量的QTL,分布在除第5染色体以外的11条染色体上。比较它们与编码叶绿素合成及降解过程中的重要酶的基因发现,虽然生育前期检测到的QTL较少,但对应的叶绿素合成降解相关基因却较多。随生育期的推移,检测到的QTL数目增多,但对应的叶绿素合成降解相关基因却减少。暗示生育前期大多数叶绿素合成(降解)相关基因表达的水平差异不大,后期控制叶绿素合成降解的个别关键基因表达水平增加。并以此为基础提出了叶片生育后期持绿的两种可能遗传基础。     

改性甘蔗渣吸附废水中低浓度Cd~(2+)和Cr~(3+)的研究

在微波作用下,用尿素改性甘蔗渣制备螯合型吸附剂.采用静态摇瓶实验,研究了改性甘蔗渣吸附低浓度Cd2+和Cr3+的影响因素、动力学和热力学特性.结果表明,吸附Cd2+和Cr3+的最佳pH分别为6和4;吸附平衡时间分别为2 h和12 h;温度对吸附的影响不显著.改性甘蔗渣吸附Cd2+和Cr3+的动力学过程可以用二级动力学模型描述;Cd2+的等温吸附行为可以用Langmuir和Freundlich方程描述,Cr3+的吸附行为可以用Langmuir方程描述,它们的饱和吸附量分别为12.38 mg/g,23.92 mg/g;吸附Cd2+和Cr3+的ΔH分别为-5.70 kJ/mol和33.36 kJ/mol,ΔS分别为-25.28 J/(mol.K)和165.47 J/(mol.K);在290-320 K时,吸附Cd2+和Cr3+的ΔG分别为-13.09～-13.77 kJ/mol和-15.05～-19.91 kJ/mol;改性甘蔗渣吸附Cd2+和Cr3+分别为自发进行的放热和吸热过程.通过对甘蔗渣改性前后、吸附重金属离子前后的红外光谱分析,改性渣吸附Cd2+和Cr3+起重要作用的基团是为酰胺官能团.