Development of an injection site sarcoma shortly after meloxicam injection in an unvaccinated cat

A single dose of a rapidly-absorbed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the interscapular region of a 12.5-year-old cat. A mild swelling was noticed at the injection site 6 weeks later. This progressed into a 5 cm diameter mass which was removed 6 months after the injection had been given. An injection site sarcoma (ISS) was diagnosed histologically. As the cat had not been vaccinated for at least 12 years, the previous NSAID injection was considered to be a possible cause of the ISS. Inflammation is thought to be important in the development of ISS. If injection of a rapidly-absorbed NSAID can stimulate sufficient inflammation to promote the development of an ISS, other non-vaccine injections may also have the potential to influence ISS development. This suggests that injection of both vaccines and non-vaccine medications should be minimised to reduce the risk of ISS development.     

Novel Water-Soluble Calix[4,6]arene Appended Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Removal of the Carcinogenic Aromatic Amines

This article describes the synthesis of p-sulfonated calix[4,6]arene derivatives and firstly their immobilization onto magnetic nanoparticles for removal of some carcinogenic aromatic amines. The prepared new water-soluble calix[4,6]arene appended magnetic nanoparticles (p-C[4]-MN and p-C[6]-MN) were characterized by a combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses. The separation and quantification of aromatic amines were performed by high performance liquid chromatography. In batch sorption experiments, the compounds 7 and 8 were found to be effective sorbent for aromatic amines. It was observed that the percentage of aromatic amine removal was 44?C97?% for compound 7 and 63?C97?% for 8 when the pH of the aromatic amine solution was in the range of 3.0?C8.5. The sorption of aromatic amines by p-sulfonated calix[n]arenes-based magnetic nanoparticles shows that sulfonic acid groups play a major role for the formation of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions.     

Endless variety for bovine virus diarrhea viruses: new members of a novel subgroup into Pestivirus A from Turkey

Tropical Animal Health and Production - As ubiquitous pathogens, bovine virus diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) in cattle have been reported several times in Turkey. Over time, the frequency and importance...     

Effect of broth from meat of linseed‐fed cattle on glucose‐stimulated insulin release in healthy male volunteers

Polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity. We studied if administration of broth with beef meat enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids influenced glucose‐stimulated insulin release in healthy male volunteers. Broth was made either from cattles undergone dietary supplementation with lightly bruised whole linseed in addition to feeding ad libitum on grass silage (test meal) or from those fed grass silage alone (control meal). Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed in patients after a 6‐day period of eating 300 ml broth containing 100 g meat once a day in addition to their otherwise normal mixed nourishment. During OGTT, blood samples were taken for blood glucose level and plasma insulin immunoreactivity before and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min after the glucose load. Glucose‐stimulated maximum increase in plasma insulin immunoreactivity was 42 ± 6.6 and 81 ± 7.4 mU/ml (p < 0.05) after the test and the control meals, respectively. However, both fasting and postload blood glucose levels were the same after either meal period. The results suggest an insulin‐sensitizing effect of food produced from beef cattle maintained on linseed diet in healthy human volunteers.     

Leaf litter acceptance and cast deposition by peregrine and endemic European lumbricids (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)

In Central Europe a rich endemic earthworm fauna exists. The ecology of most of these species has not been studied. In laboratory mesocosms we examined leaf litter acceptance and cast deposition of a total of 30 species, 21 of which were endemic. In both experiments earthworms, especially small species, exhibited a variety of behaviors. Hornbeam litter was consumed at higher C/N values by anecic species, but some epigeics still did not accept it. Surface cast deposition varied between 0 and 100% among small endogeics. Most anecic species deposited their casts belowground, but the model anecic species, Lumbricus terrestris was an exception: 79% of its total cast was deposited on the surface. Epigeics and endogeics did not clearly separate in these behavioral traits. Refinement of ecological categorization of Lumbricidae needs to include data on lesser known species.     

Developmentally regulated piRNA clusters implicate MILI in transposon control

Nearly half of the mammalian genome is composed of repeated sequences. In Drosophila, Piwi proteins exert control over transposons. However, mammalian Piwi proteins, MIWI and MILI, partner with Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that are depleted of repeat sequences, which raises questions about a role for mammalian Piwi's in transposon control. A search for murine small RNAs that might program Piwi proteins for transposon suppression revealed developmentally regulated piRNA loci, some of which resemble transposon master control loci of Drosophila. We also find evidence of an adaptive amplification loop in which MILI catalyzes the formation of piRNA 5' ends. Mili mutants derepress LINE-1 (L1) and intracisternal A particle and lose DNA methylation of L1 elements, demonstrating an evolutionarily conserved role for PIWI proteins in transposon suppression.     

Studying the effect of organic matter recycling combined with mineral n fertilization in long-term field and model pot experiments: Untersuchung der wirkung der rezyklierung der organischen substanz kombiniert mit mineraldüngung in dauerfeldversuchen und modellgefässversuchen

The effect of various combinations of organic and mineral N fertilizers was studied on the organic matter content of the soil, grain yield, dry matter production and N-uptake of maize. In a model experiment, large pots were filled with 55?kg sandy loam soil originating from the plots of the ‘International Long-term Experiments for Investigating the Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilisers’ (IOSDV), Keszthely. The field experiment, which was set up in 1983, contained three crop-rotations with maize, winter wheat and winter barley. Treatments: (1) inorganic fertilizers only with increasing N-doses (N); (2) farmyard manuring (FYM) in every third year+N; (3) stalk, straw or green manure+N. Our results clearly proved the advantage of organic matter recycling combined with mineral fertilization over treatment 1. In the fifth and sixth rotations, both types of organic matter recycling resulted in significantly higher C_org contents compared to mineral N fertilization without farmyard manuring or incorporation of crop residues. Grain yields in the field trial were the lowest in treatments without organic matter recycling. In the pot experiment, dry matter production and N accumulation in the grains and vegetative plant parts were also significantly higher in treatments where mineral fertilization was combined with organic matter recycling.     

Inheritance and molecular tagging of MYMIV resistance gene in blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)

Yellow Mosaic disease (YMD) is one of the most destructive diseases of blackgram (Vigna mungo) causing heavy yield losses every year. Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) is one of the YMD causing begomoviruses prevalent in the major blackgram growing area (northern and central part) of India. Inheritance of MYMIV resistance gene was studied in blackgram using F₁, F₂ and F_2:3 derived from cross DPU 88-31(resistant)× AKU 9904 (susceptible). The results of genetic analysis showed that a single dominant gene controls the MYMIV resistance in blackgram genotype DPU 88-31. The F₂ population from the same cross was also used to tag and map the MYMIV resistance gene using SSR markers. Out of 361 markers, 31 were found polymorphic between the parents. However, marker CEDG 180 was found to be linked with resistance gene following the bulked segregant analysis. This marker was mapped in the F₂ mapping population of 168 individuals at a map distance of 12.9 cm. The validation of this marker in nine resistant and seven susceptible genotypes has suggested its use in marker assisted breeding for developing MYMIV resistant genotypes in blackgram.     

Characterisation of black locust isolates of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Peanut stunt virus</Emphasis> (PSV) from the Pannon ecoregion show the frequent occurrence of the fourth taxonomic PSV subgroup

Biological and molecular characterisation of ten Peanut stunt virus (PSV) isolates from Robinia pseudoacacia was carried out. The host range of these isolates was similar to that of the previously described PSV strains in most cases, but on Pisum sativum and Lens culinaris latent infection was induced. Variability in systemic symptoms was observed only on Nicotiana glutinosa. The partial RNA3 sequences were determined, including the carboxyl terminal region of the movement protein gene, the intergenic region, the entire coat protein gene and the 3′ untranslated region. Nucleotide sequence comparison of the coat protein genes showed 77.6–84.2% identity with most of the known PSV strains and 96.3–98.0% identity with PSV-Rp the typical member of subgroup IV. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the presence of the ancient homologous recombination in all of the examined black locust isolates and all the isolates were members of the fourth PSV subgroup. These results showed that the isolates of the fourth subgroup are widely distributed in black locust in this region.     

Development of a novel inducible bioluminescent and antibiotic resistance tagging system and its use to investigate the role of antibiotic production by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pectobacterium carotovorum</Emphasis> ssp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">carotovorum</Emphasis> during potato tuber infection

We report the construction of a novel Tn7 vector for the tagging and enumeration of target bacteria from complex microbial communities. The system utilises a cassette for inducible bioluminescence and tetracycline resistance that integrates at a defined neutral position present in most Gram-negative species. We used this approach to chromosomally tag Pectobacterium such that it could be enumerated in mixed consortia without placing a significant bioburden on the tagged strain. Two Pectobacterium strains, a carbapenem antibiotic producer and an isogenic knock-out strain were tagged using this system. The modified Pectobacterium strains were used to compare the extent to which potato tuber-associated and endophytic bacteria can gain advantage and multiply in planta, utilising the nutrients released by a Pectobacterium infection, when the infecting Pectobacterium is either an antibiotic producer (Car+) or a carbapenem knock-out (Car−) strain. We show that the ability to synthesise carbapenem has a significant effect upon Pectobacterium numbers throughout the course of the infection. Whilst limiting the number of other bacterial species, carbepenem production allows the Pectobacterium to replicate to higher titres in the rotting tuber. We anticipate that the Tn7 tagging vector will be of use to other researchers studying ecological interactions in complex environments.