The nutritional properties of co-dried fish silage in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) dry diets

Feed ingredients containing fish silage and liquefied fish made from ground, whole Pacific whiting and co-dried in a vacuum dryer with mixtures of soybean meal and feather meal to facilitate drying were prepared. An additional batch of fish silage was co-dried with the other dry ingredients in the diet formulation that was used, Abernathy diet S8-1. Fish meal, made by vacuum drying Pacific whiting, was used in the control diet. Co-dried fish meal was made by co-drying Pacific whiting with a soybean meal-feather meal mixture. Fish meal was entirely replaced by the co-dried products in the experimental diets, which were fed to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) for 32 weeks. The best growth and food conversion values were obtained by feeding the fish meal control diet or the diet in which the fish meal was replaced with co-dried liquefied fish. No significant differences in final weights were found between trout fed diets containing co-dried fish meal or co-dried fish silage (fish products were 25% of the diet), but these fish were significantly smaller than fish fed the fish meal control or the co-dried liquefied fish diets. Reducing the fish silage to 12.5% or increasing it to 50% further reduced weight gains in the trout. Food conversion values, protein efficiency ratios, and net protein utilization values generally followed the same trends between diets as did the final weight values. Apparent digestibility coefficients for the co-dried products were lower than for the fish meal, possibly because they contained soybean meal-feather meal mixtures. Organoleptic properties of the fish were not affected by diet.     

Locking compression plate osteosynthesis of sacral fractures in three heifers

Objective: To describe a technique used for reduction and internal fixation of sacral fractures in cattle. Study Design: Case series. Animals: Three heifers aged 19–32 months with deformation of the tail head and tail paralysis attributable to a closed fracture of S5 or S4 and S5. Methods: Fractures were reduced and repaired under general anesthesia. A narrow, 6–10‐hole, locking compression plate (LCP) was placed on the spinous processes of S5 and the first coccygeal (Co1) using 5.0 mm locking head screws. Follow‐up inquiries were made by telephone (3/3), and cows were examined clinically and radiographically 2 (1 cow) to 9 (1cow) months postoperatively. Results: No complications were encountered. The range of movement of the tail improved so that soiling of the tail during defecation was no longer a problem. In all heifers, the normal top line was restored and there was no narrowing of the pelvic canal. Unassisted calving occurred in all heifers, and follow‐up radiographs for 2 cows showed complete fracture healing. Conclusion: LCP‐osteosynthesis of the spinous processes provided sufficient stability for internal fixation of sacral fractures. Marked improvement in tail function occurred postoperatively without decompression by laminectomy.     

Collecting plant genetic resources in Cuba

Summary After a short introduction into recent collecting activities in Cuba information is provided concerning the joint expedition of the Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical and the Zentralinstitut für Genetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung in the province of Holguín, Eastern Cuba, in February 1986 within the agreement between the Academy of Sciences of Cuba and the Academy of Sciences of the German Democratic Republic. Altogether 249 accessions of vegetables, pulses, cereals and other crops were collected. A remarkable diversity was found inCapsicum andPhaseolus. The material collected is important for breeding purposes.

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Sammlung pflanzlicher genetischer Ressourcen in Kuba

Zusammenfassung Nach einer kurzen Einführung in die Sammelarbeit der letzten Jahre in Kuba folgen Informationen über die gemeinsame Expedition des Instituto de Investigaciones Fundamentales en Agricultura Tropical und des Zentralinstituts für Genetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, die im Rahmen des Abkommens zwischen der Akademie der Wissenschaften Kubas und der Akademie der Wissenschaften der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik im Februar 1986 durchgeführt wurde und in die Provinz Holguín, Ost-Kuba, führte. Insegsamt wurden 249 Proben von Gemüsen, Hülsenfrüchten, Getreiden und anderen Fruchtarten gesammelt. Eine bemerkenswerte Variation wurde beiCapsicum andPhaseolus gefunden. Das Sammelmaterial ist für Züchtungszwecke von Bedeutung.

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霉菌毒素结合制剂在营养策略中所扮演的角色

1 简介霉菌毒素是霉菌代谢的次级产物，这种物质很可能在饲料的制造与贮存过程中污染到饲料。目前已知至少有300种以上霉菌代谢产物会使动物及人类中毒，全世界谷物中有25％受到霉菌毒素的污染，而且达到可量测的浓度。在这些毒素中，已知有很多种物质明显影响动物的健康，对动物生产造成重大影响。2 霉菌毒素的产生在自然状态下霉菌毒素的产生是一个全球性问题，但是世界上某些特定地区霉菌毒素产生的情形比其他地区频繁。在较冷或气候较温和的地区，例如加拿大、美国的北部及多数欧洲国家，黄曲霉毒素并不是主要问题，除了进口的饲料原料…     

Bericht über eine Reise nach Ostmähren und der Slowakei 1974 zur Sammlung autochthoner Sippen von Kulturpflanzen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Lactic acid bacteria for mink. Colonization and persistence of Enterococcus faecium Cernelle 68 in the digestive tract of mink.

A method was developed to follow a lactic acid bacterial strain, Enterococcus faecium Cernelle 68, with respect to adhesion, multiplication, colonization, and persistence in the digestive tract of mink. Also the spread of the strain in the cage was examined. When adding 5 x 10(9) c.f.u. of a rifampicin resistant mutant per kg feed, high viable counts were registered throughout the digestive tract, apart from the oesophagus. Counts were increasing in the aboral direction, suggesting some multiplication in the intestine. It was possible to detect the strain in the intestinal tract 4 days after discontinuation of administration. Neither culture nor scanning electron microscopy gave evidence to suggest that E. faecium Cernelle 68 adhered to the mucosa. The spread of the E. faecium strain was observed in the environment. Counts of E. coli, lactobacilli, staphylococci, and clostridia were low, and none of these bacteria were constant findings.