Cleavage products of lycopene produced by in vitro oxidations: characterization and mechanisms of formation

The aim of this study was to produce in vitro oxidation products of lycopene, which could be possible in vivo metabolites. An oxidation of lycopene with potassium permanganate gave a range of lycopene degradation compounds resulting from the oxidative cleavage of one or two carbon-carbon double bonds. Eleven apo-lycopenals/ones and six apo-carotendials were obtained and tentatively characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS. Apo-11-lycopenal and apo-8,6'-carotendial were isolated and characterized by (1)H NMR for the first time. Lycopene was submitted to an oxidation by atmospheric oxygen catalyzed by a metalloporphyrin, a model system of the active center of cytochrome P450 enzymes. (Z)-Isomers, monoxides, and cleavage compounds of (E)-lycopene were formed. We propose a mechanism of oxidation of lycopene by this system.     

Erythrocyte antibodies in porcine eperythrozoonosis

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) was detected in pigs affected by spontaneous eperythrozoonosis. Autoantibodies against red cells were found by hemagglutination and hemolysin tests and direct and indirect antiglobulin tests using immunofluorescence. According to these findings and morphological results, the process in porcine eperythrozoonosis is to be classified as acquired autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to “cold” antibodies.     

Resuscitation of puppies after cesarean section

The neonatal depression of puppies, developed by C-section, can be treated effectively by the application of 0.1-0.2 ml Narcanti respectively Narcanti Neonatal (Naloxon) right after development. The technique of the intravenous injection in newborn puppies is simple and easy to learn.