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111.
Nahoko IEDA Yoshihisa UENOYAMA Yoko TAJIMA Tomoko NAKATA Masatoshi KANO Yousuke NANIWA Youki WATANABE Shiori MINABE Junko TOMIKAWA Naoko INOUE Fuko MATSUDA Satoshi OHKURA Kei-ichiro MAEDA Hiroko TSUKAMURA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(4):312-316
Puberty is associated with an increase in gonadotropin secretion as a result of an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone
(GnRH) secretion. Kisspeptin is considered to play a key role in puberty onset in many mammalian species, including rodents,
ruminants and primates. The present study aimed to determine if changes in hypothalamic expression of the KISS1
gene, encoding kisspeptin, are associated with the onset of puberty in pigs. The animals (n=4 in each group) were perfused with 4%
paraformaldehyde at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 months old, as prepubertal stages, and at 5 months old, as the peripubertal stage, following
each blood sampling. KISS1 gene expressions in coronal sections of brains were visualized by in
situ hybridization. Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) was measured by radioimmunoassay. KISS1 mRNA
signals were observed in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) at all ages examined without any significant difference in the number of
KISS1-expressing cells, indicating that the KISS1 gene is constantly expressed in the ARC
throughout pubertal development in pigs. The plasma LH concentration was the highest in 0-month-old piglets and significantly
decreased in the 1- and 2 month-old groups (P<0.05), suggesting a developing negative feedback mechanism affecting gonadotropin
release during the prepubertal period. Considering the potent stimulating effect of kisspeptin on gonadotropin release in
prepubertal pigs, kisspeptin secretion rather than kisspeptin synthesis may be responsible for the onset of puberty in pigs. 相似文献
112.
Koji MISUMI Yuri HIRAYAMA Misae SUZUKI Michiko NAKAI Hiroyuki KANEKO Junko NOGUCHI Kazuhiro KIKUCHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(3):246-249
The present study was conducted to examine the feasibility of in vitro embryo production and transfer
technologies for producing Middle White piglets. After collection from three retired Middle White sows, a total of 222
oocytes were matured, fertilized and cultured in vitro, and a total of 50 embryos from the 4-cell to
blastocyst stage were produced by the 4th or 5th day. These embryos were transferred individually into three recipients along
with 5 in vivo-derived Duroc blastocysts. All of the recipients became pregnant, and they farrowed a total
of 9 Middle White and 9 Duroc piglets. These results suggest that in vitro embryo production using ovaries
from retired sows is useful for reproduction of pigs of pure breeds including the Middle White for breeding activities and
conservation/utilization of genetic resources. 相似文献
113.
Comparison of Ethylene Glycol and Propylene Glycol for the Vitrification of
Immature Porcine Oocytes
Tamás SOMFAI Michiko NAKAI Fuminori TANIHARA Junko NOGUCHI Hiroyuki KANEKO Naomi KASHIWAZAKI István EGERSZEGI Takashi NAGAI Kazuhiro KIKUCHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(4):378-384
Our aim was to optimize a cryoprotectant treatment for vitrification of immature porcine
cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). Immature COCs were vitrified either in 35% ethylene
glycol (EG), 35% propylene glycol (PG) or a combination of 17.5% EG and 17.5% PG. After
warming, the COCs were in vitro matured (IVM), and surviving oocytes were
in vitro fertilized (IVF) and cultured. The mean survival rate of
vitrified oocytes in 35% PG (73.9%) was higher (P<0.05) than that in 35% EG (27.8%).
Oocyte maturation rates did not differ among vitrified and non-vitrified control groups.
Blastocyst formation in the vitrified EG group (10.8%) was higher (P<0.05) than that in
the vitrified PG group (2.0%) but was lower than that in the control group (25.0%).
Treatment of oocytes with 35% of each cryoprotectant without vitrification revealed a
higher toxicity of PG on subsequent blastocyst development compared with EG. The
combination of EG and PG resulted in 42.6% survival after vitrification. The maturation
and fertilization rates of the surviving oocytes were similar in the vitrified, control
and toxicity control (TC; treated with EG+PG combination without cooling) groups.
Blastocyst development in the vitrified group was lower (P<0.05) than that in the
control and TC groups, which in turn had similar development rates (10.7%, 18.1% and
23.3%, respectively). In conclusion, 35% PG enabled a higher oocyte survival rate after
vitrification compared with 35% EG. However, PG was greatly toxic to oocytes. The
combination of 17.5% EG and 17.5% PG yielded reasonable survival rates without toxic
effects on embryo development. 相似文献
114.
Flavivirus infections (including Japanese encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis and dengue fever/severe dengue) present a worldwide public health problem. Recent climate change may affect the geographical distribution of the arthropod vectors for these viruses and so the risk of flavivirus epidemics may increase. Many methods have been developed for the serological diagnosis of flavivirus infections, such as haemagglutination inhibition assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunofluorescence in staining. However, the specificity of these assays varies.The plaque reduction neutralizing test (PRNT) using live viruses is currently the ‘gold standard’ for the differential serodiagnosis of flaviviruses. The specificity of results obtained with PRNT is better than that for other protocols and many laboratories apply the PRNT protocol to the differential serodiagnosis of flaviviruses. Here, recent refinements to the PRNT protocols with genetically modified recombinant viruses or reporter-harbouring virus-like particles are reviewed. Further, the problems associated with the differential serodiagnosis of flaviviruses using PRNT are discussed. 相似文献
115.
Gento TSUJI Junko FUJIKAWA Hideaki ISHIDA Osamu HORINO Yasuyuki KUBO 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2001,67(3):182-190
Laccase has been shown to oxidize 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (1,8-DHN) in the final step of melanin biosynthesis in several
fungi. In this study, a laccase gene (LAC1) was cloned from Colletotrichum lagenarium that synthesizes 1,8-DHN melanin, and characterized. To clone the LAC1 sequences, genomic DNA was subject to polymerase chain reactions (PCR) with degenerate oligonucleotide primers that were designed
on the basis of amino acid sequences conserved among characterized laccases from other ascomycetes Botrytis cinerea, Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus nidulans, and Cryphonectria parasiticus. The LAC1 gene contained an open reading frame composed of 589 codons and three introns of 51, 49, and 57 nucleotides. The deduced amino
acid sequence of Lac1p had high similarity to that of laccase from N. crassa and significant homology with those of multicopper blue proteins. Under melanin-induced culture of this fungus, laccase activity
significantly increased and LAC1 expression was also detected. However, the lac1Δ mutants retained laccase activity and had no significant phenotypic differences in melanin production or pathogenicity from
the wild-type strain.
Received 23 February 2001/ Accepted in revised form 29 March 2001 相似文献
116.
Kohama M Nio J Hashimoto Y Iwanaga T 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2002,50(2-3):125-139
The intimal lining cells of the synovium in joints have been studied morphologically and histochemically and shown to consist of macrophagic cells (type A) and fibroblast-like cells (type B). It is believed that the structure of the synovium in the tendon sheath is similar to that in the joint, but there have been only a few morphological studies of the tendon sheath. The present study revealed the cellular architecture of synovium in the tendon sheath of horses by histochemistry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Like the joint, the inner surface of the tendon sheath was covered with a cell-rich intimal layer. Acid phosphatase-positive A cells accumulated in the mesotendon but few in other regions. B cells were selectively immunolabeled with protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 antiserum and distributed in the entire length of the synovial intima in the tendon sheath. The synovial intima consisted of a surface layer rich in the processes of B cells and a deep layer containing cell bodies of B cells. Using SEM, B cells could be classified into two types according to the morphology of their processes. B cells of dendritic type were located mainly in the joint-side of the tendon sheath and extended branched processes to form a meshwork on the intimal surface. B cells of flat type were located in the skin-side of the tendon sheath and in the mesotendon. Their membranous processes extended in a horizontal direction and covered the intimal surface, resembling epithelium. It appears likely that the morphology and distribution of synovial intimal cells are influenced by various factors, such as the nature of the underlying tissues and the magnitude of mechanical stress. 相似文献
117.
Fujino T Matsui T Kobayashi F Haruki K Yoshino Y Kajima J Tsuji M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(3):199-200
The effect of heat treatment was examined against oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium muris and chicken Cryptosporidium sp. isolated in Japan. The oocysts of these species were exposed at 50, 55, 60 and 70 degrees C for 5, 15, 30 and 60 sec in water bath, respectively. To determine the infectivity of heated oocysts, the nice and chickens were inoculated with the treated oocysts and the oocyst output in the feces after inoculation was examined. In C. parvum and chicken Cryptosporidium sp., the oocysts were not detected from mice or chickens which were received oocysts heated at 55 degrees C for 30 sec, 60 degrees C for 15 sec and 70 degrees C for 5 sec. In C. muris, the oocysts were not detected from mice which were received oocysts heated at 55 degrees C for 15 sec, 60 degrees C for 15 sec and 70 degrees C for 5 sec. Consequently, it was clarified that the infectivity of Cryptosporidium oocysts to mice and chickens was lost by heating at 55 degrees C for 30 sec, 60 degrees C for 15 sec and 70 degrees C for 5 sec. 相似文献
118.
Wada N Akatan J Shikaki N Taga A Itamoto K Taura Y Tokuriki M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(3):251-253
To record the somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) produced by stimulation of tail nerves and determine the effects of acute compression of the cauda equina on SEPs. The subjects were 10 adult Beagles. SEPs were recorded after stimulating the dorsomedial nerves (DMN) innervating the tail. The cauda equina was compressed using a balloon catheter inserted into the vertebral arch. In SEPs, two negative and one positive peak were often observed. The compression of the cauda equina caused significant depression of the positive component. The SEPs produced by stimulation of the DMN reflect the activities of ascending neuronal pathways above the coccygeal spinal segments and may be a useful tool for examining cauda equina syndrome. 相似文献
119.
Somfai T Kashiwazaki N Ozawa M Nakai M Maedomari N Noguchi J Kaneko H Nagai T Kikuchi K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(3):149-155
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of centrifugation pretreatment on the viability and nuclear status of porcine in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes and on the developmental competence of in vitro fertilized (IVF) oocytes (zygotes) after cryopreservation by vitrification (Solid Surface Vitrification; SSV). Mature oocytes having the first polar body after IVM and zygotes having the second polar body at 10 h after IVF were centrifuged at 10,000 x g at 37 C for 20 min and then subjected to SSV. Their viability was evaluated by morphological appearance and fluorescein diacetate staining. The nuclear status of oocytes was evaluated 6 h after vitrification. The developmental ability to the blastocyst stage of vitrified zygotes was evaluated after 6 days of in vitro culture. Although centrifugation did not damage the oocytes directly, it drastically reduced the rate of live oocytes after SSV. The rates of vitrification-induced parthenogenetic activation were similar in both centrifuged and non-centrifuged oocytes (42.4 and 47.4%, respectively). Centrifugation had no significant effects on the viability of pronuclear oocytes. The development of vitrified zygotes to the blastocyst stage was significantly lower than that of the control irrespective of centrifugation pretreatment. There was no difference in the cleavage and blastocyst rates between the control and centrifuged zygotes after vitrification. There was also no difference in the total cell numbers of blastocysts between the control and centrifuged zygotes irrespective of vitrification. These results reveal that, in IVM porcine oocytes, centrifugation pretreatment is highly detrimental to cryotolerance; however, in zygotes, it has only a slight effect on viability and does not alter the developmental competence of surviving zygotes. 相似文献
120.
Kensuke ARAKAWA Yasushi KAWAI Kenji FUJITANI Junko NISHIMURA Haruki KITAZAWA Ken-ichi KOMINE Kenzo KAI Tadao SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(5):634-640
The use of bacteriocins from Lactobacillus gasseri , a probiotic lactic acid bacterium, as bio-preservatives in the food industry and animal formulations has been limited because few strains of Lb. gasseri are cultivated and produce a bacteriocin in natural media such as milk and milk-based media. By the determination of the growth-supplements to milk among the 47 nutrients, Lb. gasseri JCM1131T , LA39 and LA158 isolated from human feces were successfully cultured in reconstituted skim milk and cheese whey using proteose peptone as a nutrient supplement, where Lb. gasseri LA39 produced a useful bacteriocin, gassericin A, with effective growth-inhibiting activity against Gram-positive food-borne pathogens. The data suggest these developed low-cost safe media supporting enough production of bacteriocins by the probiotic Lb. gasseri LA39 could be used to improve the safe bio-preservation of foods and therapy of bovine mastitis, and extra cheese whey produced by cheese making industry is reused in the cultivation for probiotics effectively. 相似文献